Picturing the moon: Hevelius’s and Riccioli’s visual debate

This article investigates the maps of the moon produced in the mid-seventeenth century by Jesuit Giambattista Riccioli (1598-1671) and Johannes Hevelius (1611-1687), whose cartographic projects competed for widespread acceptance. Although Hevelius’s Selenographia (1647) was applauded for its many detailed, self-engraved pictures of the moon, his cartography and proposed nomenclature were supplanted by Riccioli’s as offered in Almagestum novum (1651), in spite of the latter’s simplistic pictures and promotion of geocentric cosmology. Exploring this paradox through pictorial analysis, three types of images common to both Selenographia and Almagestum novum are compared, employing an analytical tool developed by Svetlana Alpers in The art of describing (1983). A focus on this debate exposes the tensions evoked by new technologies of vision and competing cultures of visual epistemology in seventeenth-century astronomy. As both selenographers grappled with questions about the role of representation and what kinds of knowledge could be generated visually, the successes and failures of their competing projects present implications for the course of visual astronomy, as well as for our understanding of the use of ‘visual technologies’ in a period of controversy.     

Determination of the controlled landing trajectory of Chang’E-1 satellite and the coordinate analysis of the landing point on the Moon

Based on the tracking observations of radio ranges and VLBI delays of Chang’E-1 (CE-1) satellite during the controlled landing on the Moon on March 1, 2009, the landing trajectory and the coordinates of the landing point are determined by positioning analysis. It is shown that the landing epoch (the emission epoch of the last signal) of CE-1 satellite on the Moon was at UTC8h13m6.51s. The lunar longitude, latitude and surface height of the landing point in the lunar primary axes frame are respectively 52.27...     

月球冶金技术的发展前景

        探月行动自阿波罗登月计划以来经历几次起落,但是可以预见的是,对月球的开发是人类以后将会面临的共同课题。各国对月球的科学研究中,关于月球矿产资源的贫富、分布状况都获得了比较确实的信息,对于这些矿产资源的利用也已经开始了研究。但从冶金工程角度研究月球原位资源利用技术的工作还不多。利用月球自有矿产资源提取金属原料,可以有力保障月球开发过程中的基础建设项目,加快月球开发的速度。通过对月球资源和能源的考察,以月表主要矿物钛铁矿为例,总结了适用于月球环境的冶金方法,并探讨月球冶金工业的建设原则和研究方向。     

“嫦娥一号”干涉成像光谱（IIM）数据坏点检测与去除研究

高光谱数据中离散分布的坏点的存在影响着数据的后续分析和应用．坏点的检测是一项复杂的工作,受仪器特征、地形地貌、成像时间等影响,很难建立统一的坏点判别阈值．本文研究了“嫦娥一号”干涉成像光谱仪（IIM）高光谱数据坏点在光谱维和空间维的特征,基于此提出了一种基于光谱角和欧氏距离的坏点检测与修正算法．算法有效地检测并修正了影像中的坏点,且较过去研究有着更高的精度．统计结果表明约25％的IIM单轨影像坏点数高于3000个;坏点具有列分布特征,主要分布在第27,77和123列及其相邻列上．经过坏点修正后IIM影像空间均一性得到提升,为后续研究与应用提供了更好的基础数据．     

《淮南子》中的神话意象

<淮南子>中记载的神话传说相当多,就书中所记录的神话材料片断而言,可供参考的也很多.它最大的成就是比较完整地记录和保存了中国著名的四大神话:共工触不周山、嫦娥奔月、女娲补天、后羿射日.这些神话在整个中国神话体系中处于一个相当重要的地位.它们不仅增添了文化韵味,而且深远地影响着整个中国历史.其中诸如月神等女性意象蕴含着十分丰富、复杂的历史文化内容.     

Seismic tomography of the Moon

We attempted to determine the first three-dimensional P and S wave velocity and Poisson＇s ratio structures of the lunar crust and mantle down to 1000 km depth under the near-side of the Moon by applying seismic tomography to the moonquake arrival-time data recorded by the Apollo seismic network operated during 1969 to 1977. Our results show that significant lateral heterogeneities may exist in the lunar interior. Because there is no plate tectonics in the Moon, the lateral heterogeneities may be produced at the early stage of the Moon formation and evolution, and they have been preserved till today. There seems to be a correlation between the distribution of deep moonquakes and lateral velocity variations in the lunar lower mantle, suggesting that the occurrence of deep moonquakes may be affected by the lunar structural heterogeneity in addition to the tidal stresses. Although this is an experimental work and the result is still preliminary, it indicates that tomographic imaging of the lunar interior is feasible.     

一曲怨“鬼”的哀歌——浅析《金锁记》“鬼”话的建立

张爱玲在现代作家中可谓独树一帜，她具有女作家独有的敏感和细腻，在华美绚烂的文字中诉说着尘世的苍凉，更有如“鬼才”李贺一样的鬼气，极具“搞鬼”才能。鬼影幢幢的大宅，诡异恐怖的月亮，时断时续的音乐声中，上演着一出出亦古亦今的“聊斋”。《金锁记》正是她所建立的“鬼”话世界的杰作，是一曲关于怨“鬼”的哀歌。     

月球多色测光的最新研究进展

近几十年来，月球多色测光研究成为天文学一个重要领域．尤其是近年Clementine飞船作了几乎整个月球表面的多色测光，得到高分辨月球多色图像．联系Apollo等飞船取回月球样品的实验结果，结合理论研究和新的分析方法，揭示于全月球表面和区域的特性．本文综述一些重要进展和最新成果，包括一些主要概念(反照率，位相函数、全月面累积测光和区域测光)、测光模型、分光反照率测定结果，尤其是Clemmentine飞船资料的分析研究结果——光度参数、月面温度分布、FeO和TiO2分布、月壤成熟度、盆地抛出物、火山沉积物和区域地质．     

六安市月亮岛体育资源的开发与利用

月亮岛是位于六安市中心地带的一座天然岛屿,有天然形成的水域资源和沙地资源,具有较好的体育资源开发先决条件。以月亮岛地貌特征及区位优势为前提,剖析了月亮岛体育资源开发利用的现状,提出了月亮岛体育资源开发利用的对策与建议,希望得到有关建设规划部门的重视,为六安经济建设及体育事业发展服务。