一个黑色幽默的荒诞传奇:《第二十二条军规》

从总体形象、结构、语言、人物等不同侧面,剖析了荒诞艺术形式反映的荒诞世界的疯狂与残酷。     

超塑性板材气压成形模具的设计与计算

介绍了金属的“超塑性”概念及其特点,阐述了超塑性材料Zn-22%Al板材气压成形的原理,着重解释了其板材气压成形模具的设计与计算,对生产实际与理论探讨具有现实意义。     

Energy flow and community structure in freshwater ecosystems

The goal of this article is twofold: 1) It aims at providing an overview on some major results obtained from energy flow studies in individuals, populations, and communities, and 2) it will also focus on major mechanisms explaining community structures. The basis for any biological community to survive and establish a certain population density is on the one hand energy fixation by primary producers together with adequate nutrient supply and the transfer of energy between trophic levels (bottom-up effect). On the other hand, predator pressures may strongly control prey population densities one or more trophic levels below (top-down effect). Other interpopulation effects include competition, chemical interactions and evolutionary genetic processes, which further interact and result in the specific structuring of any community with respect to species composition and population sizes.     

电力线载波通信中Lonworks应用研究与实践

介绍了Lonworks现场总线技术的基本概念和特点，以及Neuron芯片的原理和管脚信息，详细阐述了Echelon公司的PL—22电力线载波收发器模块的电气特性，给出了基于Lonworks技术的低压电力线载波收发器的实现方法。     

磺化MCM-41介孔固体酸的合成、表征及其催化乙酰丙酸乙酯化性能

以硅酸乙酯为硅源、十六烷基溴化铵为模板剂,室温常压下便捷地合成了MCM-41介孔分子筛,进而以硫酸为磺化剂,不同水热条件下制得系列磺化介孔固体酸MCM-41-SO3H.利用TG、XRD、FT-IR、TEM-EDX等手段对所得材料进行了表征.采用碱滴定法测定其酸密度,并且以乙酰丙酸乙酯化反应为探针反应,评价其催化性能.结果表明,尽管水热磺化处理在一定程度上降低了MCM-41的介孔规整性,所制备的MCM-41-SO3H介孔固体酸仍较好地保持了MCM-41的介孔结构;水热时间和温度影响其酸密度,进而影响催化活性,其中磺化温度180℃、磺化时间21h制得的催化剂活性最高,乙酰丙酸转化率达到74.4%,并显示出较好的循环稳定性能.     

Phase field simulation of interatomic potentials for double phase competition during early stage precipitation

Phase field model was employed to study the variations of interatomic potentials of Ni 3 Al (L1 2 phase) and Ni 3 V (DO 22 phase) as a function of temperature and concentration. The long-range order (LRO) parameter related interatomic potentials equations formulated by Khachaturyan were utilized to establish the inversion equations for L1 2 and DO 22 phases, with which interatomic potentials could be calculated. The interatomic potentials of Ni-Al and Ni-V exhibited approximately linear increases and decreases, individually, with enhanced Al concentration. Substituting the inverted interatomic potentials into the microscopic phase field equations led to three cases of precipitation sequence: the DO 22 phase preceded L1 2 phase precipitating at the interatomic potentials of Ni-V > Ni-Al; the vice cases; and two phases precipitated simultaneously at interatomic potentials of Ni-V and Ni-Al were equal.     

柴胡皂苷-d防治大鼠肾小球硬化的实验研究

目的:观察柴胡皂苷-d对一侧肾切除加单克隆抗体1-22-3注射造成进行性大鼠肾小球硬化的防治作用。方法:18只大鼠一侧肾切除1d后,尾静脉注射单克隆抗体1-22-3造成大鼠进行性肾小球硬化。随机分为3组,每组6只。第一组给生理盐水作对照,另外两组分别腹腔注射柴胡皂苷-d1.8mg和0.6mg/kg体重/d。在代谢笼内取大鼠造模后第1、4、8、14和21d尿液,并动态观察造模后第1、5、10、14和18d收缩压变化。21d后处死全部大鼠,进行血生化和肾组织光学显微镜检查,并利用RT-PCR和免疫荧光的方法分析了药物对炎症硬化因子TGF-β、I型胶原、"-平滑肌肌动蛋白("-SMA)和炎症细胞在肾小球和肾小管间质表达与分布的影响。结果:柴胡皂苷-d在减轻肾小球病理损害的同时,抑制了TGF-β在肾小球内的表达和a-SMA沿鲍曼氏囊的分布。柴胡皂苷-d治疗组CD8 T细胞和巨噬细胞在肾小球周围和肾小管间质的浸润也明显减轻。结论:柴胡皂苷-d能够有效地防治大鼠肾小球硬化,可能与抑制了TGF-β在肾小球内的表达和炎症细胞在肾小球和肾小管间质浸润有关。     

多光子解离CHClF_2富集~(13)C

用无氦TEA CO_2激光器(9μm带谱线)辐照F-22,选择性激发~(13)CHClF_2,使其达到离解,得到~(13)C的富集。测得选择系数α的峰值位置在1047cm~(-1),相对于~(13)CHClF_2的线性吸收峰位置红移了36cm~(-1),α随激光能量密度、F-22气压的增高而降低。     

Myelin sheaths: glycoproteins involved in their formation,maintenance and degeneration

Myelin sheaths are formed around axons by extending, biochemically modifying and spiraling plasma membranes of Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system (CNS). Because glycoproteins are prominent components of plasma membranes, it is not surprising that they have important roles in the formation, maintenance and degeneration of myelin sheaths. The emphasis in this review is on four integral membrane glycoproteins. Two of them, protein zero (P0) and peripheral myelin protein-22 (PMP-22), are components of compact PNS myelin. The other two are preferentially localized in membranes of sheaths that are distinct from compact myelin. One is the myelin-associated glycoprotein, which is localized at the inside of sheaths where it functions in glia-axon interactions in both the PNS and CNS. The other is the myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein, which is preferentially localized on the outside of CNS myelin sheaths and appears to be an important target antigen in autoimmune demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis. Received 8 April 2002; received after revision 13 May 2002; accepted 22 May 2002