中国豹蛛属雾豹蛛组研究及一新种再记述(蜘蛛目:狼蛛科)

雾豹蛛组ＧｒｏｕｐＮｅｂｕｌｏｓａ是狼蛛科Ｌｙｃｏｓｉｄａｅ,豹蛛属Ｐａｒｄｏｓａ的分组．本文描述该组５种豹蛛,包括１新种记述,侧重在有鉴别价值的生殖器管,尤其是雄性生殖球的中突ｍｅ－ｄｉａｎａｐｏｐｈｙｓｉｓ．１．大别豹蛛Ｐ．ｄａｂｉｅｎｓｉｓＣｈａｉｅｔＹａｎｇｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．＊２．查普林豹蛛Ｐ．ｃｈａｐｉｎｉ（Ｆｏｘ,１９３５）,３．东方豹蛛Ｐ．ｏｒｉｅｎｓ（Ｃｈａｎｂｅｒｌｉｎ,１９２４）,４．苏门答腊豹蛛Ｐ．ｓｏｍａｔｒａｎａ（Ｔｈｅｒｅｌ,１８９２）,５．雾豹蛛Ｐ．ｎｅｂｕｌｏｓａ（Ｔｈｅｒｅｌ,１８７２）．     

Mating behaviour and maternal care in the tropical savanna funnel-web spider Aglaoctenus lagotis Holmberg (Araneae: Lycosidae)

Despite their abundance and diversity, Neotropical spiders have been the subject of relatively few studies of behavioural ecology. The sexual behaviour and maternal care of the spider Aglaoctenus lagotis (Lycosidae) is described here. We performed experimental manipulations to test the hypothesis that males are attracted by female cues in the web. Two predictions were tested: (a) webs used by a virgin female will attract more males than webs used by an inseminated female; (b) the main cue in the web is chemical, so webs recently used by virgin females will attract more males than those that are not recently used. Additionally, we tested the hypothesis that maternal care increases offspring survivorship. Results showed that males are attracted by recently used webs (z = 0.0015; p = 0.037; z-test) and webs of virgin females (z = 0.041; p = 0.036, z-test). Male sexual behaviour presented three different categories: court, pre-mate and mate. After the mating, the females built a cocoon that was transported adhered to the spinnerets and held by the last pair of legs. After the hatching of the eggs, the young migrated to the dorsal region of the mother's body for 5 days. During maternal care the mother eliminates a yellowish drop from its oral cavity, which is collected by the young. During the development of the young until adulthood, the offspring that have their mother present in the first stages of life have greater survival compared with those without maternal care. Our results make it possible to perform comparative analyses between a South American Lycosidae species and other species distributed worldwide.     

云南省蜘蛛初报(蛛蜘目:狼蛛科)

狼蛛科(Lycosidae)Pardosa nebulosa group的种类在我国东洋界各省大量分布,成为农田中的主要害虫天敌。作者等在云南省西部及南部地区的蜘蛛资源调查过程中,共采到该组5种蜘蛛,其中一种经鉴定系一新种,现报道如下: 1 云南省 Pardosa nebulosa group种类 (1) 保山豹蛛 Pardosa baoshanensis新种,分布:保山。     

Influence of long-period pesticide force on genetic polymorphism of wolf spider Pardosa pseudoannulata (Lycosidae: Araneae)

Wolf spiders are predators in large quantities in the fields. How wolf spiders keep their dominant species status under long-period pesticide force? To answer this question, eight geographical populations of Pardosa pseudoannulata were used as materials to test the influence of geographical habitats on their genomic DNA polymorphism. The RAPD pattern showed polymorphic variations among and within different populations. Total 84 bands amplified by 10 random primers, of which 62 (73.81%) are polymorphic, were generated from 55 individuals of eight geographical populations. Meanwhile, Shannon’s index (Ho= 0.5177) showed a rich genetic diversity of P. pseudoannulata, and most of the genetic variation (64.24%) was found within populations. Multiple regression analysis suggested that it is the climatic variation (such as annual average temperature etc.) that results in adaptive eco-geographic differentiation, and it is the long-period pesticide force that speeds up the genetic differentiation of P. pseudoannulata which changed the genetic diversity of the population.     

中国豹蛛属1新种(蜘蛛目:狼蛛科)

描述了采自宁夏贺兰山自然保护区的狼蛛科豹蛛属Pardosa C. L. Koch, 1847 1新种:四齿豹蛛Pardosa quadridentata sp. nov., 并描述了豹蛛属的鉴别特征.文中所有测量单位为mm.     

拟环豹蛛血细胞相差显微镜的初步研究

应用相差显微镜 ,研究了拟环豹蛛 Pardosa pseudoannulata (狼蛛科 Lycosidae)的血细胞 ,观察是有原血细胞、浆血细胞、颗粒细胞、类绛色细胞和脂细胞等五种类型 .拟环豹蛛与同目不同科的大腹园蛛 Araneusventricosus(园蛛科 )比较 ,两者分别都具有上述五种血细胞     

拟水狼蛛幼蛛饥饿耐受性研究

在完全不供猎物、实验温度29℃的条件下，拟水狼蛛幼蛛的饥饿耐受性测定结果表明：饥饿状态下拟水狼蛛幼蛛的存活时间与体重之间有极显著的相关性；各龄期的存活时间差异显著；各龄期的阶段成活率与时间之间的关系均可用二次抛物线拟合，并可用拟合曲线求出3个不同龄期组拟水狼蛛的饥饿半致死时间(t50)和致死时间(t95)，t50分别为32．6，34．9和42．3d，t95分别为45．8，47．5和52．4d．     

内蒙古狼蛛科的初步研究（蜘蛛目：狼蛛科）

本文记述了分布于内蒙古自治区的狼蛛科（Ｌｙｃｏｓｉｄａｃ）蜘蛛６５种，其中包括６个新种（另文发表，本文用“ｎ，ｓｐ．”标记），１１个内蒙新纪录种（本文用“△”标记）和文献记载内蒙古有分布而笔者未见标本的狼蛛７种（本文明“Ｏ”标记）。     

中国内蒙古豹蛛属二新种（蜘蛛目：狼蛛科）

记述了蜘蛛目狼蛛科豹蛛属的二新种。其中一种是哈腾豹蛛,新种Pardosa hatanensis标本采自内蒙古巴彦淖尔盟;另一种是吉兰泰豹蛛,新种Pardosa jartica标本采自内蒙古阿拉善盟。     

3种豹蛛染色体的观察

本文报道了3种蜘蛛的雄性染色体研究结果。它们的二倍体数目均为2n=28,单倍体的染色体数目是n=13和n=15,据此,作者认为:拟环纹豹蛛等3种豹蛛的性别决定机制是X_1X_2O型;除此外,还对这3种蜘蛛的染色体,在减数分裂过程中的行为变化作了一些观察。