基础光学实验的物理思想

对基础光学实验的特点、类型和物理思想进行了归纳和概括。挖掘分散在各个实验中的物理思想，对培养学生分析和解决问题的能力，提高实验的技能、技巧，进行实验研究具有重要的意义。     

42CrMo钢离子氮化—沉淀强化组织结构的研究

研究了42CrMo钢离子氮化—沉淀强化的组织结构,结果表明,离子氮化层的组成为ε、r＇a_N、Fe_3C和少量Cr_2N、Mo_2N、CrMoN_x及a";经时效处理后,ε相和a_N相弥散析出Cr_2N、Mo_2N和a" 。325℃时效,CrMoN_x消失;500℃时效,Mo_2N大大减少。a"、Cr_2N和Mo_2N弥散共格析出,必将使氮化层强化。     

DrugFET的研究（XⅢ）：四苯硼钠一烟碱FET的研制与应用

本文将离子敏感场效应晶体管（ＩＳＦＥＴ）与药物敏感膜相结合,研制成一种药物敏感场效应晶体管传感器（ＤｒｕｇＦＥＴ）。用四苯硼钠为电活性物质,邻苯二甲酸二辛酯为增塑剂,制成ｐｖｃ膜,对烟碱的线性范围为１．０×１０－２～２．０×１０－５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ,斜率为５７．５ｍｖ／ｐｃ,适宜ｐＨ范围为５．５～８．０,检出限为１．０×１０－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ。用该传感器分析烟草中烟碱的含量,结果和分光光度法相一致。     

稠密等离子体中类锂铝的原子结构研究

等离子体中原子结构的研究对于等离子体诊断和天文学观测有着非常重要的参考价值.本文采用MCDF方法结合离子球模型研究了稠密等离子体对类锂铝离子的能级和跃迁参量(跃迁能、跃迁几率和振子强度)的影响情况.随着等离子体屏蔽强度的不断增强,上述原子结构参量变化如下:1s22p (2 P_(1/2,3/2))的能级不断升高,但1s23s(2S1/2)、1s23p (2 P_(1/2,3/2))和1s23d(2 D3/2,5/2)的能级却不断降低;不同主量子数间的跃迁对应的跃迁参量均不断减小;除了1s23s(2S1/2)-1s23p(2P_(1/2,3/2))间的跃迁外,同一主量子数间的跃迁对应的跃迁参量均不断增大;1s23s(2S1/2)-1s23p(2P_(1/2,3/2))的跃迁参量均先增大后减小;在跃迁的精细结构中,ΔJ=1对应的跃迁几率和振子强度较大,而ΔJ=0的则相对较小.     

退火温度对钨中He相关缺陷演化影响的研究

本文通过离子注入向钨体中注入能量为100keV氦离子,并利用X射线衍射(XRD)以及慢正电子束分析(SPBA)手段研究了不同退火温度下氦在钨体中的行为以及相关缺陷的演化.实验结果表明:低温退火并未改变相关缺陷的类型,样品S参数的下降表明低温退火导致了缺陷浓度的降低;当退火温度达到700℃时,样品S-W参数线性分布的变化表明缺陷类型逐渐发生改变;随着退火温度的进一步升高,He相关缺陷的演化程度加剧并向更深处迁移.     

Ion flux dropout observed near dipolarization front

An ion flux dropout near the dipolarization front （DF） at around XGSM =- 11 RE in the Earth＇ s plasma sheet was observed by Time History of Events and Macroscale Interaction during substorms （THEMIS） on March 31, 2009. The ion differential energy fluxes at energies from 450 eV to 150 keV measured by the ESA and SST instruments from THC began to decrease about 2 s before the detection of the DF and reached a local minimum 6 s later. Then, the ion fluxes gradually increased to form a dropout around the DF. The spatial extent of the dropout was about 4,000 km. For energies above 20 keV, the ion fluxes after the dropout are greater than those before it, contrary to the fluxes at energies below 20 keV. The associated ion density variation indicates that the ion flux dropout coincides with the ion density dropout. Taking advantage of multipoint observations, THD, THC, and THE detected the same DF consecutively. Only THC detected an obvious ion flux dropout; THD observed an indistinct one about 2 s before THC; no high-energy （E 〉 30 keV） ion flux dropout was observed by THE. Our study suggests that the ion flux dropout may evolve with the earthward-propagating DF, and its properties can depend on locations relative to the DF.     

黑龙江省伊春市五营国家森林公园负离子研究

根据伊春市五营国家森林公园中的空气负氧离子浓度的实测资料,利用空气离子单极系数及空气离子评价系数进行了评价和研究.结果表明,该森林公园中空气负离子含量达到国际旅游度假区一级标准,空气清洁度属于A级“最清洁”;在动态水周围的一定范围内随着与动态水的距离的逐渐增大,空气离子单极系数大致呈线性增加趋势;空气离子评价系数值大致呈线性减小趋势.而在这个范围之外,两个值都将趋于平缓;在分别以红松、冷杉和白桦三种树种为主体的纯林中,空气清洁度均在早晚时比较高,在中午时出现低谷.     

层状Lix[Mn1-yCoy]O2正极材料的合成及电化学性能研究

采用柠檬酸溶胶凝胶法合成了钠锰青铜Nax[Mn1-yCoy]O2,其中Nax[Mn1-yCoy]O2(0.3≤y≤0.5)具有理想的层状P2结构;以P2结构的Nax[Mn1-yCoy]O2为前驱体,离子交换后得到O2结构产物Lix[Mn1-yCoy]O2,并进行了XRD,ICP和电化学性能研究,结果表明不同Mn/Co投料比对前驱体中Nax[Mn1-yCoy]O2的结构有较大的影响,并且不同的离子交换方法对产物Lix[Mn1-yCoy]O2的结构和组成有较大的影响。对Li0.9Mn0.7Co0.3O2在充放电电压为2.6-4.5V(vs.Li /Li),电流密度为0.2mA/cm2的充放电条件下进行电化学测试后发现,该材料的首次充放电容量达152.70mAh/g,且循环性能良好。     

Inside the Kunstkammer: the circulation of optical knowledge and instruments at the Dresden Court

The Kunstkammer of the Electors of Saxony, founded in Dresden around 1560, housed one of the richest collections of tools and scientific instruments in its day. A close analysis of the optical objects in the collection in the decades around 1600 is undertaken here—in particular, their arrangement by a mathematically trained curator, Lucas Brunn, and their use in an ‘experiment’ by a distinguished visitor, Johannes Kepler. It is argued that the selection, display and use of optical objects within this collection reflect a specific, playful image of optics promoted at the Saxon court.