Connecting informal networks to management of tacit knowledge

The relationship between tacit knowledge and informal networks has not been fully explored.Tacit knowledge cannot be well managed directly,because it is deeply embedded in individual actions and experiences.This study proposes an approach to managing informal networks as a new middle way to facilitate the sharing and transferring of tacit knowledge,owing to the fact that tacit knowledge is mostly shared and transferred through informal networks.To support the idea of the approach,an empirical case study of applying the approach to management of a large scientific project is also included.Our findings suggest that informal networks play essential roles for management of tacit knowledge,and thus good management of informal networks can lead to efficient sharing and transferring of tacit knowledge.     

从古代东西方两种数学思想体系看当代软件开发方法中的两派之争

本文叙述了古代东西方两种数学思想体系的异同,特别分析了东方数学思想体系的直观性和实用性等特点,并指出了这两种数学思想体系与当代软件开发方法中的形式化方法和非形式化方法的两派之争之间的密切联系。     

合理利用非正式渠道流通的信息

文章探讨了非正式渠道流通信息的流通方式、特点及作用,阐明了合理利用非正式渠道流通信息的具体举措。     

创客文化与科技馆创客教育刍议

本文论述了源于创客文化的STEAM教育和创客教育在正规教育和非正规教育环境中结合方式的不同,从创客文化出发,尝试对创客教育这一概念进行界定,并提出广义的创客教育是创客空间可持续发展的驱动力,后在非正规教育环境,特别是科技馆的创客空间中探索开展创客教育的具体实践,致力于在科技馆众创空间中引入创客教育内核,并融入STEAM情境.     

Mathematical reasoning: induction, deduction and beyond

Mathematics used to be portrayed as a deductive science. Stemming from Polya (1954), however, is a philosophical movement which broadens the concept of mathematical reasoning to include inductive or quasi-empirical methods. Interest in inductive methods is a welcome turn from foundationalism toward a philosophy grounded in mathematical practice. Regrettably, though, the conception of mathematical reasoning embraced by quasi-empiricists is still too narrow to include the sort of thought-experiment which Mueller describes as traditional mathematical proof (Mueller, 1969, p. 295) and which Lakatos examines in Proofs and refutations (Lakatos, 1976). This paper extends the concept of mathematical reasoning along two further dimensions to accommodate thought-experiment.     

基于社会网络分析的虚拟学习社区中非正式学习探究

Web2.0技术的发展,使社交网站的使用得到普及,对人们的非正式学习起到一定促进作用。本文在运用社会网络分析法探讨虚拟学习社区中整体网络密度和节点中心性基础上,讨论了学习者的交互行为;使用内容分析法分析交互内容,提出了提高虚拟学习社区中非正式学习的效率的方法。     

正式群体中的“非正式群体”

任何一个组织或机构都存在着正式群体和非正式群体,而大量非正式群体的存在使得正式的法定关系变得更为错综复杂。这样形形色色的非正式群体总是潜移默化地影响着人们的生活、工作与学习等方面,对人们的满意度与取得的成就具有不可忽视的非凡意义。     

The Abductive Loop: Tracking Irrational Sets

We argue from the Church-Turing thesis (Kleene Mathematical logic. New York: Wiley 1967) that a program can be considered as equivalent to a formal language similar to predicate calculus where predicates can be taken as functions. We can relate such a calculus to Wittgenstein’s first major work, the Tractatus, and use the Tractatus and its theses as a model of the formal classical definition of a computer program. However, Wittgenstein found flaws in his initial great work and he explored these flaws in a new thesis described in his second great work; the Philosophical Investigations. The question we address is “can computer science make the same leap?” We are proposing, because of the flaws identified by Wittgenstein, that computers will never have the possibility of natural communication with people unless they become active participants of human society. The essential difference between formal models used in computing and human communication is that formal models are based upon rational sets whereas people are not so restricted. We introduce irrational sets as a concept that requires the use of an abductive inference system. However, formal models are still considered central to our means of using hypotheses through deduction to make predictions about the world. These formal models are required to continually be updated in response to peoples’ changes in their way of seeing the world. We propose that one mechanism used to keep track of these changes is the Peircian abductive loop.     

创新生态系统中非正式治理对系统成员共生关系的影响研究

非正式治理能够协调成员间共生关系和行为,促进成员间相互依存、互动耦合,进而推动创新生态系统健康共生发展及价值共创.本文基于社会嵌入理论与组织生态学,根据现有研究归纳出信任、声誉、合作文化、联合制裁四种非正式治理,运用Logistic模型,构建共生理论视角下非正式治理对创新生态系统企业等成员共生关系演化影响的共生模型,并对模型进行演化稳定性分析和仿真.研究结果表明：创新生态系统成员共生演化取决于成员间共生系数的强弱,其中,信任、声誉、合作文化共生系数对系统成员共生演化产生正向影响,利于互惠共生形成,而联合制裁对系统成员共生演化的影响既有正向也有负向的,可能产生寄生、偏利或互惠共生.系统成员共生稳定状态的收益受非正式治理共生系数和主体收益最大值影响.非正式治理影响创新生态系统各企业向互惠共生关系的演化,为企业非正式治理发挥正向作用,实现价值共创及创新生态系统合作共生健康运行提供启示.     

试析高师体育课非正式群体及其管理

系统地综述大学生非正式群体产生的主客观原因及对其成员的作用，依据非正式群体在体育课上存在的主要类型提出了课堂管理措施．