天然橡胶胶乳常压氢化的研究

用N2H4／H2O2／Cu^2 体系对天然橡胶胶乳进行了常压氢化试验。红外光谱表明，氢化过程中对应的双键的伸缩振动谱带的峰面积减少．天然橡胶产生了氢化．由红外光谱峰面积推算得到产物的最高氢化度为38％．产物的凝肢合量为1％。分析结果表明：高分子链双键被饱和后．形成聚乙烯链段而结晶，结晶起到了物理交联作用。     

ON THE OPTIIMAL REACTIONS ASSEMBLAGE OF COMPLEX REACTION SYSTEMS

In this paper, the author analyzes distinguishing features of complex reaction systems and single reversible reaction, and optimizes complex reaction systems starting from set theory.The method of constructing the optimal reactions assemblage and calculating the potential maximum equilibrium yield (PMEY) of objective products is proposed here. This paper points out clearly that the euqilibrium yield of objective products calculated by means of conventional method is the global equilibrium yield (GEY).It is not the thermodynamic constraint, and could be exceeded by observed yield of objective products; only PMEY is the thermodynamic constraint. It gives information on potential and possible optimal yield and thereby improving production. This paper also points out the way in which the real complex reaction system approached the optimal reactions assemblage. The new concept of PMEY and optimal reaction assemblage proposed by this Paper is universally applicable for the important complex reaction systems, such as the pyrolysis of alkane to produce ethylene, steam reforming of methane to produce syngas, production of formaldehyde from methanol, epoxidation of ethylene to produce ethylene oxide, hydrogenation of benzene to produce cyclohexane.     

Rh—Ag／SiO2催化剂上CO的吸附与加氢反应

应用表面反应红外动态技术考察了促进型铑催化剂Ｒｈ－Ａｇ／ＳｉＯ２上ＣＯ吸附及其加氢反应的性能,结果表明：线式吸附态的ＣＯ对氢的反应性能高于桥式吸附的ＣＯ,是加氢反应的主要活性吸附态．反应条件下温度升高有利于Ｒｈ－Ａｇ／ＳｉＯ２上线／桥ＣＯ吸附态强度比值的增加．表面反应生成了表面甲酰基、甲酸盐、乙酰基、乙酸盐、乙烯酮及烯醇盐等关键的Ｃ１－２含氧中间体．助剂Ａｇ的加入提高了铑催化剂上ＣＯ吸附态的线／桥强度比值以及线式吸附ＣＯ的加氢反应速率和Ｃ２含氧物的生成率．     

蒎烯催化加氢制备顺式蒎烷

以不同组分的含镍合金粉为原料，制备出多种类型的Raney Ni型催化剂，研究它们在蒎烯催化加氢制备顺式蒎烷反应中的加氢活性和选择性，筛选出这两项指标均比较理想的目标催化剂。分析在催化条件下影响蒎烯高压加氢反应的各种因素，进而通过正交试验设计确定了蒎烯催化加氢制备顺式蒎烷的最佳反应工艺条件：反应温度100℃，反应压力6.0MPa，反应溶剂为正丁醇，原料纯度采用含85％以上α-蒎烯的松节油，催化剂用量为3％。在最佳工艺参数条件下，原料蒎烯转化率可达到100％，产物中顺式蒎烷的含量大于95％。     

Comparison of the effect of hydrogen incorporation and oxygen vacancies on the properties of anatase TiO2: electronics,optical absorption,and interaction with water

Hydrogenation has been recently developed as an approach to improve the visible-light response of titanium dioxide （TiO2）; however, the effect of hydrogenation on the electronics and optical absorption of anatase TiO2 has been widely debated. In this work, the electronic structures and optical properties of hydrogenated TiO2 and its interaction with water have been studied using the density functional theory plus Hubbard model. A comparison of the effect of hydrogenation and introduction of oxygen vacancies （OVs） to TiO2 is presented. It is found that both hydrogenation and OVs can promote the absorption of visible light and strengthen the adsorption of water. Compared with OVs, hydrogen incorporation can lead to local distortion and even amorphous structures when it is heavily doped.     

氢化大豆卵磷脂的研制

用自己研制的双重负载的钯催化剂，对天然大豆卵磷脂进行了氢化反应，制备了稳定的氢化卵膦脂。讨论了物料配比，反应温度，反应压力对反应的影响，得到了较佳的工艺条件，产品收率在９０％以上，性能达到国际同类产品水平。     

Improving the photocatalytic activity of graphitic carbon nitride by thermal treatment in a high-pressure hydrogen atmosphere

Extending visible light absorption range and suppressing the recombination of photogenerated charge carriers are always important topics in developing efficient solar-driven photocatalysts. In this study, the thermal treatment process at 400 °C in a high-pressure hydrogen atmosphere was applied to modify graphitic carbon nitride. Compared to the normal atmospheric hydrogen treatment process, this process has the merit of producing nitrogen deficient graphitic carbon nitride in high-yield. The optimal photocatalytic activity of modified graphitic carbon nitride was demonstrated by controlling the treatment duration in the hydrogen atmosphere.The changes in the crystal structure, microstructure and optical properties of carbon nitrides were investigated by several characterizations. The relationship between the photocatalytic activity and structures of graphitic carbon nitride was preliminarily established. The results obtained in this study could provide some new ways of improving the activity of graphitic carbon nitride based photocatalyst.     

Pd-Fe/吸附树脂催化剂催化对硝基氯苯加氢

研究了大孔聚苯乙烯系吸附树脂Ｄ３５２０负载的钯铁催化剂的结构及氢化对硝基氯苯的性能．结果表明该催化剂具有较好的表面物理状态,金属在载体表面高度分散,分布均匀,金属间有较强的相互作用．动力学分析表明反应速率对底物浓底有一极大值,可能为ＬＨ机理．反应为双分子吸附的表面反应．     

{RuCl2{(R)-P-Phos}(R,R)-DPEN} 催化苯乙酮不对称加氢的研究

以手性双膦及手性二胺钌络合物[RuCl2{（R）—P—Phos}（R，R）-DPEN]催化苯乙酮不对称加氢反应最高可达86．6％e．e．的对映选择性。首次发现，研究的催化剂在伯醇中对苯乙酮的加氢表现出很好的催化活性和对映选择性。在各种伯醇中，以正丁醇为最佳反应溶剂：反应活性从乙醇到正丁醇依次增加，但随着溶剂链长继续增加，则催化活性下降。实验结果还可以看出，在相同碳原子数的伯醇、仲醇、叔醇，催化活性依次降低。     

硝基苯液相催化氧化反应的研究

硝基苯液相加氢 ,采用 0 .8% pd/c催化剂催化氧化制苯胺 ,该氧化过程是一个经历氧化偶氮苯 ,偶氮苯的复杂历程。在非溶剂状态下 ,反应的最佳工艺条件为催化剂用量 0 .5g/L( NB) ,反应温度 80℃ ,氢压 0 .6MPa,收率 99.9%。该法操作简单 ,生产成本低 ,污染少。