关于小分子热休克蛋白Hsp16.3各功能区作用的初步研究

小分子热休克蛋白Hsp16.3是一种存在于结核杆菌中的重要抗原,具有小分子热休克蛋白家族成员典型的3个功能区:N端疏水区,α-crystallin域和C端较短的非保守区.为了进一步研究其各功能区的作用,我们定义了Hsp16.3的3个功能区并在大肠杆菌中分别克隆、表达和纯化了N端区或C端区缺失的两个Hsp16.3残体蛋白.远紫外和近紫外圆二色谱分析结果显示,残体蛋白表现出与野生型蛋白相似的二级和三级结构.在九聚体野生型蛋白进行亚基重组装时,C端缺失的Hsp16.3残体蛋白能与野生型蛋白发生相互作用,形成异源寡聚体.在对野生型蛋白进行胰酶消化时,Hsp16.3的α-crystallin域对胰酶的消化具有抵抗能力.所有这些结果显示:在Hsp16.3的3个功能区中,α-crystallin域是一个相对独立和稳定的结构单元,它对该蛋白各级结构的维持十分重要.     

固定化Streptomyces sp.108转化美伐他汀为普伐他汀的研究

报道了链霉菌(Streptomyces sp．108)固定化细胞制备的最适条件。初始底物(美伐他汀)浓度300mg/L，间接补加底物总浓度达到800mg/L时，普伐他汀产量为495mg/L，转化率为60％。在底物浓度为300mg/L时重复发酵3次，500mg/L时重复发酵2次，转化率分别达50．5％和53％。     

Differential basal synthesis of Hsp70/Hsc70 contributes to interindividual variation in Hsp70/Hsc70 inducibility

The source of intraspecies variation in the expression of heat shock proteins (HSPs) remains unresolved but could shed light on differential stress tolerance and disease susceptibility. This study investigated the influence of variable basal HSP synthesis on differential inducibility of HSP synthesis. Basal and heat-induced synthesis of the major HSP families in peripheral blood monocytes from healthy donors (n=42) were analysed using biometabolic labelling and densitometry. Basal Hsp70/Hsc70 synthesis and percentage induction of Hsp70/Hsc70 synthesis were significantly correlated (r=−0.57, p<0.0001), and described most accurately by an exponential decay equation (R=0.68, R²=0.46). This regression equation suggests that increasing levels of basal Hsp70/Hsc70 synthesis are accompanied byan exponential decrease in the percentage induction of Hsp70/Hsc70 synthesis. The model fits data from European and non-European population groups independently, although both coefficients in the regression equation were larger for non-Europeans. This implies population group as an additional factor influencing differential HSP expression. The differential inducibility of Hsp70/Hsc70 due to variable basal synthesis of Hsp70/Hsc70 and based upon population group may contribute to differential stress tolerance or disease susceptibility. Received 27 March 2000; received after revision 19 June 2000; accepted 20 June 2000     

结核分枝杆菌Hsp16.3单克隆抗体的制备及其特性鉴定

制备抗结核分枝杆菌Hsp16.3的单克隆抗体,并对其生物学特性进行鉴定。将含目的基因的表达载体pProEXHTb-Hsp16.3,通过E.coli DH5α诱导表达,获得含有6譎is的Hsp16.3蛋白,采用Ni-NTA纯化试剂盒进行目的蛋白的纯化,并用透析方法进行蛋白复性。将复性的蛋白免疫BALB/c小鼠,利用杂交瘤技术进行细胞融合,间接ELISA筛选阳性杂交瘤细胞株。将获得的Hsp16.3阳性杂交瘤细胞株分别利用间接ELISA法和Western blot方法进行效价、相对亲和力及特异性的测定。获得了三株Hsp16.3的单克隆抗体,分别命名为3H6F9、1D5E1和4H8G6,其效价分别为1:1?07、1:1?06和1:1?06,相对亲和力分别为0.0001 mg/mL、0.001 mg/mL和0.001 mg/mL,并且无交叉反应性。所获得的结核分枝杆菌Hsp16.3的单克隆抗体效价高、特异性强,为进一步研究Hsp16.3在结核分枝杆菌潜伏感染中的作用提供了有效的工具。     

Hsp70 chaperones: Cellular functions and molecular mechanism

Hsp70 proteins are central components of the cellular network of molecular chaperones and folding catalysts. They assist a large variety of protein folding processes in the cell by transient association of their substrate binding domain with short hydrophobic peptide segments within their substrate proteins. The substrate binding and release cycle is driven by the switching of Hsp70 between the low-affinity ATP bound state and the high-affinity ADP bound state. Thus, ATP binding and hydrolysis are essential in vitro and in vivo for the chaperone activity of Hsp70 proteins. This ATPase cycle is controlled by co-chaperones of the family of J-domain proteins, which target Hsp70s to their substrates, and by nucleotide exchange factors, which determine the lifetime of the Hsp70-substrate complex. Additional co-chaperones fine-tune this chaperone cycle. For specific tasks the Hsp70 cycle is coupled to the action of other chaperones, such as Hsp90 and Hsp100.Received 21 October 2004; received after revision 24 November 2004; accepted 6 December 2004     

凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)Hsp70基因PCR扩增及序列分析

目的：为获得凡纳滨对虾的热休克蛋白70（Hsp70）基因并分析其基因序列．方法：根据GenBank中斑节对虾（Penaeus monodon）Hsp70基因的cDNA序列,设计引物,对经高盐法提取的凡纳滨对虾（Litopenaeus vannamei）基因组DNA,采用优化的降落PCR（Touch Downeca）程序,扩增凡纳滨对虾Hsp70基因的全长序列．结果：PCR扩增得到一条长1983bp的目的DNA片段,回收纯化该片段并测定其核酸序列．用DNAman软件分析发现,该核酸序列中不含内含子,编码区全长为1959bp;经BLASTn和BLASTx软件分析发现,该编码区核苷酸序列与斑节对虾、罗氏沼虾（Macrobrachium rosenbergii）的Hsp70基因序列的相似性分别为97％和62．2％．根据核苷酸序列所推导出的Hsp70氨基酸序列,其与斑节对虾、罗氏沼虾的相似性分别为99．9％和92．6％．结论：成功地从凡纳滨对虾基因组DNA中直接扩增出Hsp70基因的全长编码区序列。     

Attenuation of diabetic retinopathy by the molecular chaperone-inducer amino acid analogue canavanine in streptozotocin-diabetic rats

The effect of canavanine treatment on the electroretinograms of healthy and streptozotocin-diabetic rats was studied. The characteristic amplitudes of the a-wave, W₂ and W₃ oscillatory potentials were markedly diminished in the 2-week streptozotocin-diabetic rats compared with those of the control rats. In contrast, the amplitudes of all the responses of the canavanine-pretreated streptozotocin-diabetic rats were practically indistinguishable from those of the control animals. Our results prompt further investigations for the use of amino acid analogues and other inducers of molecular chaperones in easing the chronic consequences of diabetes such as retinopathy. Received 3 June 1998; received after revision 14 August 1998; accepted 14 August 1998     

拟南芥Hsp40蛋白AtDjA5在大肠杆菌中的功能分析

通过分析大肠杆菌dnaJ缺失菌株在43℃下的生长表型, 发现AtDjA5及其J Domain能够功能性地替换DnaJ及其J Domain. 免疫共沉淀实验结果表明AtDjA5与DnaK存在相互作用. 由Western blot检测推测AtDjA5能够稳定大肠杆菌热激转录因子σ32并下调热激蛋白DnaK表达量. 这些发现说明AtDjA5在大肠杆菌中具有与DnaJ相似的功能.     

C1 SnoRNA，水稻中一种新的核仁小分子RNA

通过计算机分析国际分子生物学数据库和ｃＤＮＡ序列分析等方法，在水稻（Ｏｒｙｚａｓａｔｉｖａ）中发现了一种新的核仁小分子ＲＮＡ：Ｃ１ＳｎｏＲＮＡ．该ＲＮＡ具有ｂｏｘＣ，ｂｏｘＤ和末端碱基配对区等典型的核仁小分子ＲＮＡ结构特征；并有１４个核苷酸与水稻１８ｓｒＲＮＡ中一段保守序列互补．推测Ｃ１ＳｎｏＲＮＡ可能在１８ｓｒＲＮＡ甲基化过程中起重要作用．编码Ｃ１ＳｎｏＲＮＡ的基因位于水稻Ｈｓｐ７０基因的第一个内含子中．这是在水稻中发现的第一个由基因内含子编码的ＳｎｏＲＮＡ．     

Developmental control of heat shock and chaperone gene expression Hsp70 genes and heat shock factors during preimplantation phase of mouse development

Heat shock genes are found in all organisms, and synthesis of heat shock proteins is induced by various stressors in nearly all the cells forming these organisms. However, a particular situation is noticed for hsp70 genes in mouse embryos at the beginning of their development. First, spontaneous expression of hsp70 is observed at the onset of zygotic genome activity. Second, inducible expression is delayed until morula or early blastocyst stages. A better understanding of both these points depends on a more careful analysis of hsp70 expression in relation to their major regulators, the heat shock factors. In this review, we will see how the development of the preimplanta tion embryo highlights the complexity of heat shock gene regulation involving trans-cis interactions and the cellular and nuclear environment.