Gigantecin: A novel antimitotic and cytotoxic acetogenin,with nonadjacent tetrahydrofuran rings,fromGoniothalamus giganteus (Annonaceae)

Summary Gigantecin (I), a novel tetrahydroxy-di-tetrahydrofuran fatty acid -lactone (acetogenin), was isolated from an ethanolic extract of the stem bark ofGoniothalamus giganteus Hook. f., Thomas (Annonaceae), by means of activity-directed fractionation (brine shrimp lethality test). This new compound is extremely cytotoxic to human tumor cells, inhibits crown gall tumors on potato discs, and is active in an assay designed to detect antimitotic agents (9 ASK).     

过饱和胆汁结晶过程的物理化学

描绘了胆固醇型结石形成过程中胆固醇结晶的生化图景。着重从相变动力学的角度对过饱和胆汁结晶过程进行了分析，提出了可能的结晶机制。通过简化的模型．，给出了结晶推动力，并绘制了可能的C-X图。△Gs，△Gn，△Gnuc的提出可能促进促、抗成核因子的相关研究。     

对发展我国西南地区林业资源昆虫的探讨

对在我国西南地区发展白蜡虫、紫胶虫、五倍子蚜虫及马桑蚕等林业资源昆虫的意义、培育利用概况,以及作好区划,因地制宜地加以发展等问题作了探讨.     

Gall‐induction by an Australian insect of the family Thripidae (Thysanoptera: Terebrantia)

Leaf‐fold galls induced by Cyrilthrips cecidis gen. nov. et sp. nov. on Austrosteenisia blackii (Fabaceae) in eastern Queensland, Australia, involve either single or double folds. Single‐fold galls are subject to invasion by two species of kleptoparasitic Phlaeothripidae, to which double‐fold galls are largely immune. This thripid is a member of a southeast Asian lineage of Thripinae in which gall‐induction is possibly recurrent. This lineage includes the genus Chaetanaphothrips in which some species are crop pests but not gall‐inducing. Females of Cyrilthrips have a unique curved spur on the hind coxae, and the ocellar chaetotaxy is also unique among Thripidae.     

Distribution of bisexual and unisexual species in the aphid genus Colopha Monell (Aphididae: Eriosomatinae), with the description of a new species in Japan

Aphids of the genus Colopha are represented by three bisexual and three unisexual species. The bisexual species are associated with two Ulmus species that are most closely related, being distributed disjunctively in Europe and eastern North America on the host plants. A new unisexual species of Colopha, collected from Setaria chondrachne (Poaceae) in Japan, is described under the name Colopha setaricola sp. nov. The distribution of the three unisexual species is discussed in relation to aphid‐plant associations and historical changes in the distribution of the host plants. It is suggested that these unisexual species have persisted on the secondary hosts through parthenogenetic reproduction since the extinction of the primary host plants, Ulmus species section Blepharocarpus. Therefore, the unisexual species in Colopha exemplify Mordvilko's hypothesis that unisexual species on the secondary host plants have remained as relics in the region where the primary host was once distributed but then became extinct.     

山西省优良蜜粉源植物资源——青麸杨

青麸杨是山区优良的蜜粉源植物资源,也是五倍子蚜虫的寄主植物.蜂群在山西省南部转地饲养,很好的利用了青麸杨蜜粉源植物,对养蜂生产具有重要指导意义.     

果树根癌病生物防治研究进展

根癌病是由根癌农杆菌引起的细菌性病害．阐述了根瘤菌致病机制和生物防治的研究进展,对其今后的研究方向作了概述．     

天然药物没食子和联合氟制剂预防龋病的动物实验研究

通过动物实验观察天然药物没食子（Turkish gall）和联合氟制剂预防龋病的效果,为天然药物没食子预防龋病的临床研究提供了理论和试验依据。选用SPF-SD大鼠感染致龋细菌,饲以致龋饲料2000#,分别用蒸馏水、没食子浸剂、氟化钠溶液、洗必泰溶液以及没食子＋氟化钠混合液连续5周给5组大鼠口腔涂药,采集大鼠唾液培养,记录变形链球菌水平及龋齿Keyes记分,观察没食子和没食子＋氟化钠对大鼠口腔内变形链球菌生长繁殖的影响并评估药物抑制龋损形成的效果。结果显示：①对于变形链球菌水平,与蒸馏水组相比,其余各组菌量均有不同程度的降低,只有氟化钠组和洗必泰组与蒸馏水组比较有统计学差异（P〈0.05）;②对于龋齿Keyes记分,各实验组药物对大鼠龋齿的形成及严重程度均有不同程度的抑制,其中没食子显示对窝沟面龋和光滑面龋有较好的防治效果（P〈0.05）,但均低于氟化钠组;没食子＋氟化钠组未见明显的协同抑龋作用。表明天然药物没食子能抑制大鼠口腔变链菌的生长代谢,可有效预防龋齿的发生。     

土壤农杆菌C58遗传转化东北红豆杉的初步研究

用土壤农杆菌C58(AgrobacteriumtumefaciensC58)对东北红豆杉(Taxuscuspidata)不同外植体和不同生长时期的愈伤组织进行了不同时间的感染,结果表明,20d龄的愈伤组织对C58菌比较敏感.感染时间为5min时冠瘿诱导率较高(15.0%).对在无激素B5培养基上得到的白色松软的冠瘿组织分析检测发现,有特异的胭脂碱(nopaline)存在,并具有产生紫杉醇的能力.