Phase-field simulation on microstructure evolution of D0_(19) phase in γ/γ′structure of Co–Al–W superalloys

The morphological evolution and precipitation kinetics of γ′ and D0_(19)(Co_3 W) phase in Co–Al–W alloys at 900 °C have been studied by applying Phase-field method and experiment in order to understand the transformation process of γ′ phase and D0_(19) phase. The growth processes of D0_(19) phase and precipitation of γ′ phase under elastic fields were simulated through coupling with thermodynamics and dynamics databases. The simulation results indicate that the misfit δ≥ 0.53% has a greater impact on γ′ particle morphology in γ/γ′ structure.Co–Al–W alloy with low Al and high W is one of the factors to promote the precipitation of D0_(19) phase. Three stages during aging, namely the γ′ phase incubation stage, the γ′ phase fast nucleation and growth stage, and the transformation from γ′ phase to D0_(19) phase stage can be observed with the non-constant coarsening rate that varying with the decrease of γ′ phase. The particle size distribution(PSD) during the precipitation of D0_(19) phase is more in line with MLSW theory than LSW theory. This simulation results are in good agreement with the experiment results to help analyze microstructure evolution of Co–Al–W alloy.     

Effect of Al on microstructure and mechanical properties of as-extruded Mg–1Mn alloy sheet

The effect of Al addition on microstructure and mechanical properties of hot extruded Mg–1 Mn alloy sheet was investigated. The results revealed that the dynamic recrystallization was promoted by increasing Al content. The ultimate tensile strength and yield strength of the alloy increased with the increase of Al content. The Mg–9 Al–1 Mn alloy exhibited the highest strength, with tensile strength of 308 MPa, 307 MPa, 319 MPa, yield strength of 199 MPa, 207 MPa, 220 MPa and the elongation of 20.9%, 20.1%, 19.2% in 0°, 45°, 90°, respectively.The high strength was mainly attributed to the formation of fine dynamically recrystallized grains and large amounts of the second phase. The strengthening mechanism of the alloys was explained.     

Microstructure,mechanical properties and wear resistance of an Al–Mg–Si alloy produced by equal channel angular pressing

Microstructure, mechanical properties and wear resistance in an ultrafine-grained Al–Mg–Si alloy fabricated utilizing a combination of equal channel angular pressing(ECAP) and dynamic aging were investigated in this paper. The results indicated that the grain size of the ECAP alloy was significantly refined, i.e., to ～239 nm after three ECAP passes. Meanwhile, the yield and tensile strength of the ECAPed material reached 340 MPa and445 MPa, respectively, while maintaining a significant uniform e...     

基于布朗指数平滑模型的长江航运发展态势

为促进长江航运发展,更加合理有效利用长江资源,采用布朗线性指数平滑法对长江航运发展态势进行分析,认为长江未来货物运输量将呈现增长态势.依据相关理论,在借鉴成功案例基础上,提出管理策略.     

Guide for Authors

<正>The journal ofProgress in Natural Science:Materials International(PROG NAT SCI-MATER)sponsored and organized by both Chinese Materials Research Society(C-MRS)and Inter national Union of Materials Research Societies(IUMRS)started to publish     

The development of Bi Fe O_3-based ceramics

The multiferroic properties of Bi Fe O3-based ceramics were improved through optimizing their sintering method and doping with certain rare earth elements in pure Bi Fe O3. Some methods, especially liquid-phase sintering method has largely decreased the densities of oxygen vacancies and Fe2in Bi Fe O3-based ceramics, and thus their resistivity became high enough to measure the saturated polarization and the large piezoelectric d33 coefficient under the high electric field of [150 k V/cm. Besides,multiferroic properties were improved through the rare earth elements’ doping in pure Bi Fe O3. Magnetization commonly increases with the proportional increase of Nd,La, Sm and Dy contents up to ＊30 %, while ferroelectric phase can transform to paraelectric phase at a certain proportion. An improved magnetoelectric coupling was often observed at ferroelectric phase with a relatively large proportion. Besides, an enhanced piezoelectric coefficient is expected in Bi Fe O3-based ceramics with morphotropic phase boundaries as they are already observed in thin epitaxial Bi Fe O3 films.     

Synthesis of novel superhard materials under ultrahigh pressure

Superhard materials are solids whose Vickers hardness is beyond 40 GPa. They have wide applications in industry such as cutting and polishing tools, wear-resistant coatings. Most preparations of superhard materials are conducted under extreme pressure and temperature conditions, not only for scientific investigations, but also for the practical applications. In this paper, we would introduce the recent progress on the design and preparations of novel superhard materials, mainly on nanopolycrystalline diamond, B–C–N superhard solid solutions, and cubic-Si3N4/diamond nanocomposites prepared under ultrahigh pressure and high temperature（HPHT）, using multi-anvil apparatus based on the hinged-type cubic press. Bulk materials of all these superhard phases have been successfully synthesized and are systematically tested. We emphasize that ultra-HPHT method plays an important role in the scientific research and industrial production of superhard materials. It provides the driving forces for the light elements forming novel superhard phases as well as the way for sintering high-density nanosuperhard materials.     

斯匹茨卑尔根群岛伯顺岬地区海克拉霍克岩系变质岩小构造特征

本文讨论了伯顺岬地区海克拉霍克岩系的变质岩小构造特征。主要的线理有窗棂构造、布丁构造、小褶皱怄纽线理、褶纹线理、拉伸线理、交线线理和剪切线理等;主要面理除原生层理外,还有早期次生面理S_1与晚期次生面理S_2。新生线理和面理与不同形变期的主褶皱有密切的伴生、组合关系。变质岩小构造的研究为恢复区域构造形变历史提供了丰富的证据。     

Causes as proximate events: Thomas Brown and the Positivist interpretation of Hume on causality

A neglected episode in the intellectual history of the Scottish Enlightenment, Thomas Brown’s philosophy has been recently reassessed and reconnected with the emergence of the Positivist interpretation of David Hume. In fact, aiming to defend Hume’s philosophy from the common charges of atheism and scepticism, Brown popularised an interpretation of Humean texts which was later to become the standard view on Hume. In this essay, I aim to identify Brown’s historical sources and connect his reading of Hume with the medical discussion on causality.