Biological effects of trilostane in vitro on oocyte maturation and fertilization in the hamster

Summary The effects of the inhibition of steroidogenesis by trilostane on oocyte maturation were examined by studying spontaneous maturation and fertilization in vitro. 10^–6 M trilostane had no influence on the meiotic process, whether the oocytes were naked or not. At a concentration of 10^–6 M and 10^–7 M trilostane, low normal pronuclear formation and high polyspermy were found during in vitro fertilization. However, no retarded male pronuclear development could be detected in the trilostane-treated group. Thus, steroid producing activity within ova is apparently necessary to prevent multiple sperm penetration, but it has no effect on meiosis or the action of the so-called male pronucleus growth factor (MPGF).     

Partial purification and some characteristics of hamster molar alkaline phosphatase

Summary A rapid 3-step method is given to purify partially hamster molar alkaline phosphatase. Molecular weight was 50,200 and isoelectric point 3.7. The alkaline phosphatases in the mesenchymal and ectodermal parts of the tooth are probably identical.     

Leishmania donovani in hamsters: Stimulation of non-specific resistance by some novel glycopeptides and impact on therapeutic efficacy

Summary Several glycopeptides structurally related to muramyl dipeptide (MDP) have been synthesized and evaluated for their ability to stimulate the non-specific resistance of hamsters againstL. donovani infection. These compounds have been named CDRI compounds. The synthetic procedure used for compounds 86/448 and 84/212 is described.MDP and its synthetic congeners were administered as immunostimulants at a prophylactic dose of 3 mg/kg at two weeks interval. The challenge infection (1×10⁷ amastigotes i.c./hamster) was given in between two doses of the compounds. One of the glycopeptides, CDRI comp. 86/448, has been found to be significantly more potent than MDP, effecting 92% inhibition of the challenge dose, whereas MDP produced only 26.5% inhibition. The effect of comp. 86/448 lasted until day 7 of challenge. The efficacy of sodium stibogluconate was appreciably improved in hamsters treated with comp. 86/448.     

Maturation of the pineal melatonin rhythm in long- and short-day reared Djungarian hamsters

Summary Male Djungarian hamsters, reared under long (16L/8D) or short (10L/14D) days, were sacrificed at various ages during the day or night, or at night following a 30-min light pulse. The pineal melatonin rhythm matured similarly under long and short days by 20 days of age. The results are discussed in context of the hypothesis that melatonin mediates the photoperiod effects which forestall puberty in short-day reared hamsters.Supported by NIH research grant HD-05481.     

Short-distance homing in a small mammal: the role of exteroceptive cues and path integration

Summary When hoarding food under IR light, the golden hamster returns to its nest by path integration after an active outward journey, and it is capable of compensating the angular component of a passive outward journey independently of auditory, olfactory, tactile and geomagnetic cues. If, however, peripheral visual cues are available, they predominate over information which is gained during the active or passive outward journey. Further experiments show the limitations of homing by path integration, which is open to cumulative errors and therefore needs to be complemented by other categories of information.Acknowledgments. This research was supported by the Fonds national suisse de la recherche scientique, grants No. 3.349.0.74 and 3.753.0.80. We are very grateful to Dr J. Bovet, Dr W. Heiligenberg, Dr J. G. Mather and to an unknown referee for their critical comments and to Mr R. Schumacher for all his ingenious technical help.     

黑线仓鼠睾丸组织化学与生殖能力的比较研究

采用一系列组织化学方法，较全面地揭示了黑线仓鼠睾丸组织曲细精管中各期生精细胞的组织化学特点及其与生精能力的关系，提出了糖原细胞分裂同步化程度和精子的ＰＡＳ反应强弱程度可分别作为衡量睾丸组织生精能力和精子受精能力大小的指标．     

烟雾吸入对地鼠弹性蛋白酶性肺气肿的影响

为了进一步探讨慢性阻塞发表现疾病（ＣＯＰＤ）的发病机制，复制地鼠胰弹性蛋白酶性肺气肿动物模型及附加烟雾吸入，观察１个月及３个月时肺组织形态，肺动脉压（ＰＡＰ）血清丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）含量；血清血管紧张素转换酶（ＡＣＥ）活性及肺组织中前列腺素类（ＰＧＥ２，ＴＸＢ２，６－ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦ１α）物质含量的变化。结果发现单纯肺气肿组动物１个月，已经形成中度肺气肿，ＰＡＰ，ＭＤＡ，ＰＧＥ２，ＴＸＢ２均有显著增加     

Morphology of the intercapsular segment of the oviduct in the golden hamster with special reference to ovumtransit from ruptured follicles to the ampulla

Summary The intercapsular segment of the oviduct in the golden hamster is not a simple duct which has constant outer and inner diameters. After penetrating the bursa ovarica the ICS has a circular constriction and the corresponding oviductal lumen is narrowed.     

DMSO处理后中国仓鼠卵巢细胞的蛋白质组变化分析

在培养基中添加二甲基亚砜(DMSO)可使基因工程中国仓鼠卵巢细胞(CHO)外源蛋白乙肝表面抗原(HBsAg)的比生产速率提高4倍以上.为了进一步研究DMSO的作用机理,采用双相凝胶电泳技术分离在培养基中添加1.5%的DMSO后CHO细胞的总蛋白,胶态考马斯亮蓝G-250染色,GS-800凝胶扫描仪获取凝胶图像,并用PDQUEST软件分析,测得每张图谱平均斑点数量为1852±123,以其中一块胶为参考胶进行4块胶间的斑点匹配,其平均匹配的点数达1326±100,平均匹配率为71.6%以上.通过分析得到18个蛋白质点在添加了DMSO后表达量有明显变化(其中12个蛋白表达量明显降低,6个蛋白表达量明显增加.用基质辅助激光解析电离飞行时间质谱测定其胶内酶解后的肽质指纹谱图和串级质谱图,用GPS软件查询NCBI数据库进行了鉴定.鉴定结果表明,这些差异蛋白中一些是与细胞周期有关的蛋白,一些是与细胞能量代谢相关的蛋白,还有一些是与蛋白翻译后修饰有关的酶,这些结果进一步深化了对DMSO提高CHO细胞表达HBsAg的机理的理解.