栽培棉(4X)与斯特提棉(2X)种间杂种F_1的细胞学的研究

本研究分析了陆地棉[Gossypium hirsrtum L.,2n=4x=52,(AD)1]×斯特提棉[G.sturtianum willis,2n=2x=26,C_1]和海岛棉[G.barbadense L.,2n=4x=52,(AD2)]×斯特提棉二个种间杂种F_1花粉母细胞减数分裂时的染色体行为,并观测了杂种F_1的花粉粒大小和生活力。根据各杂交组合染色体配对表现,讨论了这些棉种间的亲缘关系和棉花种间杂种的利用问题。     

Characterization, development and exploitation of EST-derived microsatellites in Gossypium raimondii Ulbrich

COTTON IS AN IMPORTANT GLOBAL CASH CROP. IN THE RECENTYEARS, MOLECULAR MARKER TECHNOLOGY HAS BEEN WIDELY APPLIED TO SUCH STUDIES ON COTTON AS GENETIC MAP- PING[1―4], VARIETY PURITY DETECTION[5], GENETIC DIVERSITY ANALYSIS[6], MOLECULAR MARKER-ASSISTED BR…     

Fine mapping of the red plant gene R1 in upland cotton(Gossypium hirsutum)

Sub 16 is a substitution line with G. hirsutum cv. TM-1 genetic background except that the 16th chromosome (Chr. 16) is replaced by the corresponding homozygous chromosome of G. barbadense cv. 3-79, and T586 is a G. hirsutum multiple gene marker line with 8 dominant mutation genes. The R ₁ gene for anthocyanin pigmentation was tagged in Chr. 16 in T586. The objective of this research was to screen SSR markers tightly linked with R ₁ by using the F₂ segregating population containing 1259 plants derived from the cross of Sub 16 and T586 and the backbone genetic linkage map from G. hirsutum×G. barbadense BC₁ newly updated by our laboratory. Genetic analysis suggested that the segregation ratio of red plants in the F₂ population fit Mendelian 1:2:1 inheritance, confirming that the red plant trait was controlled by an incomplete dominance gene. Preliminary mapping of R ₁ was conducted using 237 randomLy selected F₂ individuals and JoinMap v3.0 software. Then, a fine map of R1 was constructed using the F₂ segregating population containing 1259 plants, and R ₁ was located between NAU4956 and NAU6752, with only 0.49 cM to the nearest maker loci (NAU6752). These results provided a foundation for map-based cloning of R ₁ and further development of cotton cultivars with red fibers by transgenic technology. Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 30730067) and Programme of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities (Grant No. B08025)     

The cytogenetics and fiber properties of an allohexaploid betweenGossypium hirsutum andG. somalense

Cytogenetics and fiber properties were studied on the Gossypium hirsutum×G. somalense F₂ hybrid and later generations. The cytological analyses of pollen mother cells (PMCs) were made at meiotic metaphase Ⅰ. The results indicated that the hybrid was a new allohexaploid, its chromosome number determined as 2n=6x=78, and genome group as 2[(AD)₁E₂]. Chromosomal configurations of the hexaploid averaged 0.15Ⅰ+ 38.72Ⅱ+ 0.11Ⅲ + 0.02Ⅳ per cell, 85.09% PMCs having 39 bivalents, and only 11.84% PMCs having 1 to 2 multivalents, indicating that heterogenetic recombinations of chromosomes occurs between (AD)₁ and E₂, nevertheless, the frequency is lower. The hexaploids are self-fertile and the progenies remain the hexaploids, whose fibers are light brown and have higher strength by measurement of HVI 900 system. The fiber strength increases 42% than that of upland cotton variety. Therefore, it is possible for the hexaploid to be an important germplasm resource to improve fiber strength of cotton.     

陆地棉花粉成熟过程中特异性蛋自及单花粉电泳研究

本文对不同发育时期的花粉剥出后进行蛋白电泳，结果表明，不同发育时期的花粉其蛋白、过氧化物同工酶和酯酸都有差异，花粉在成熟过程中，伴随着过氧化物酶活性的消失和种类的减少；在花粉进行第一次细胞分裂形成营养细胞和生殖细胞之前，新的蛋白带和酯酶带的出现，尤其是近十种蛋白的大量合成提示这些蛋白在花粉成熟和以后的受精过程中可能有重要作用。对其成熟的花粉进行单花粉电泳表明，没有等位基因的分离现象，只是有约２％的花粉出现新的蛋白带，其原因有待进一步研究。     

Identification of genes associated with cotyledon senescence in upland cotton

Leaf senescence in plants is an essential develop- mental phase, and an understanding of senescence is important not only for pure scientific reasons, but also for practical purposes. During the last decade, a number of senescence-associated genes (SAGs) …     

海岛棉ERF族转录因子EREB6基因克隆特征分析

以电子克隆,同源扩增和RACE技术相结合的方法从海岛棉中克隆出了一条新基因,命名为EREB6,它包含一个669 bp长的开放阅读框,预期编码222个氨基酸长的蛋白质.序列分析发现预期蛋白含有一段核定位信号序列,GFP融合蛋白瞬时表达实验证明该蛋白定位于细胞核;含有一个保守的ERF域,属于ERF族;同源分析表明该转录因子...