哺乳动物胚胎心肌细胞间隙连接的超微结构研究

用超薄切片技术研究了家兔和大鼠胚胎心肌细胞间隙连接(GJ)的超微结构.发现与多种成熟和新生的哺乳动物心肌细胞中观察到的类同:在家兔和大鼠的胚胎心肌细胞中有一种被称为结合GJ小泡(GJAV)结构;已组装好的GJ有环状和线状2种,并有一些GJAV正连环组装环状的GJ.分析并探讨了心肌细胞GJ的组装特点.     

Losartan reduced connexin43 expression in left ventricular myocardium of spontaneously hypertensive rats

Objective： To assess the effect of angiotensin II type 1 （AT1） receptor antagonist losartan on myocardium connexin43 （Cx43） gap junction （GJ） expression in spontaneously hypertensive rats （SHRs） and investigate possible mechanisms. Methods： Sixteen 9-week-old male SHRs and 8 age-matched male Wistar-Kyoto （WKY） rats were included in this study. SHRs were randomly divided into two groups to receive losartan at 30 mg/（kg·d） by oral gavage once daily for 8 weeks （SHR-L） or vehicle （0.9% saline） to act as controls （SHR-V）; WKY rats receiving vehicle for 8 weeks served as normotensive controls. At the end of the experiment, rats were sacrificed and the hearts were removed. Expressions of Cx43 and nuclear factor-kappaB p65 （NF-κB p65） proteins in all three groups were observed and further investigations on the effect of angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist losartan （30 mg/（kg·d）, 8 weeks） on Cx43 expression were conducted with Western blot and immunohistochemistry. NF-κB p65 protein in nuclear extracts was determined by Western blot. Results： Left ventricular （LV） hypertrophy was prominent in SHRs, Cx43 and NF-κB p65 protein expressions were obviously upregulated and Cx43 distribution was dispersed over the cell surface. Treatment with losarton reduced the over-expressions of Cx43 and NF-κB p65 in LV myocardium. The distribution of Cx43 gap junction also became much regular and confined to intercalated disk after losartan treatment. Conclusion： Cx43 level was upregulated in LV myocardium of SHR during early stage of hypertrophy. Angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist losartan prevented Cx43 gap junction remodeling in hypertrophied left ventricles, possibly through the NF-κB pathway.     

神经系统中的缝隙连接及通讯调节

缝隙连接(gap junction,GJ)是细胞之间进行通讯的直接通道．中枢神经系统中广泛存在这种结构．一些小分子代谢产物和第二信使分子(Ca^ ,IP3,cAMP和ATP)能扩散通过这一结构,这种信使分子的交换为神经细胞提供了短距离和长距离的信息通讯．神经细胞之间的缝隙连接也为神经细胞的同步化活动提供了物质基础．神经细胞之间的GJ通讯受多巴胺、去甲肾上腺素、5-HT和NO等多种物质的调节．     

一种正交频分复用系统多径时延估计模型与算法

针对正交频分复用(OFDM)系统的时延(the time of arrival,TOA)估计未充分利用OFDM信号的时频特性及其精度较低的问题,根据OFDM信号的时频特性提出一种基于频域相偏的多径时延估计模型(Multipath Delay Estimation Based on Frequency Domain Phase-offset,FDP-MDE).并在此基础上,结合LTE(Long Term Evolution)系统的实际特点提出一种分组联合时延估计算法(Grouped Joint Time Delay Estimation,GJ-TDE).该算法首先将OFDM系统的时域接收信号转换为频域信号,然后对频域信号采样分成多组低维的接收数据矩阵并利用各采样数据矩阵组分级估计时延,最后取各时延估计值的平均作为定位时延值.仿真结果表明:在信噪比(SNR)为0dB、采样间隔为8的条件下,GJ-TDE算法的均方根误差(RMSE)比基于时域同步的Mensing算法降低了5.503 4m.