麻黄苗期水分特性初探

用兰州大学生产的ZLZ-4型植物水势仪测定水势,利用美国拉哥公司(LI-COR)制造的LI-6400便携式光合作用系统测定了麻黄的蒸腾速率,分析结果表明:麻黄水势较低,平均为-4.5MP,与梭梭相近,低于所研究的其它15种植物.日变化在-4至-5MP之间,变化曲线比较平缓.麻黄蒸腾速率基本呈单峰型,上午7时最低,下午13时最高,14时有所下降,15时又达到一个高峰值,随即开始稳定下降.19时达到一个较低值.     

麻黄“上沫”成分的热分析TG-DTG-DSC及热解GC-MS研究

 以热重-微分热重法（TG-DTG）和差示扫描量热法（DSC）对麻黄“上沫”进行热分析研究,并进一步通过热解 GC-MS技术解析麻黄“上沫”的化学组分。结果表明,麻黄“上沫”质量丢失的主要温度范围在250~560 ℃, 以305 ℃和506.3 ℃时的质量丢失速率最大,在364.8 ℃和508.2 ℃各有一个明显的放热峰。麻黄“上沫”为有机化合物,在450 ℃条件下,热解 GC-MS检测,初步鉴定出28种化学物质。首次为麻黄入药需先煎去“上沫”的制法提供了实验数据支持。     

蒙药广枣、麻黄、锦草中总黄酮的提取及含量的测定

本实验以乙醇为溶剂,超声波辅助提取广枣、麻黄、锦草中总黄酮,利用分光光度法测定总黄酮的含量,并测定其回收率．结果表明：广枣黄酮含量为11．6mg／g,RSD：0．89％;麻黄黄酮含量为37．3mg／g,RSD：0．97％;锦草黄酮含量为15．4mg／g,RSD：1．23％．三种样品的回收率在94．1％～96．35％之间．     

The rare fish Neophrynichthys marmoratus Regan 1913, in the southern slope of Chile (Teleostomi,Psychrolutidae)

Summary

Two captures each of one and three specimens of Neophrynichthys marmoratus Regan 1913, off Chilean waters are reported. Both represent northward extensions of known geographical range. Observations were made in relation with colour pattern. The presence of sutured platelike hypurals on the terminal vertebral half centrum, and the presence of swimbladder are considered together with pectoral fin shape to suggest location of the species into the family Psychrolutidae of the order Acanthopterygii.     

Whole fossil plants of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Ephedra</Emphasis> and their implications on the morphology,ecology and evolution of Ephedraceae (Gnetales)

Although there are many reports of fossil Ephedraceae,whole plant fossil record remains rare.Due to a lack of trust on partially preserved fossil materials,scholars working on molecular clock proposed a recent origin of Ephedra and cast doubt on the earlier origin time of Ephedraceae.To better the understanding on this interesting group,here we report whole plants of Ephedra hongtaoi sp.nov.(Ephedraceae,Gnetales) from the Yixian Formation (Early Cretaceous) in western Liaoning,China.These whole plants of Ep...     

不同激素配比培养基条件下麻黄愈伤组织鲜重增长量和相对生长速率的变化

在5种不同激素配比培养基条件下,测定了组织培养过程中诱导出的草麻黄和中麻黄愈伤组织的鲜重增长量,计算了相对生长速率。结果表明,在不同激素配比培养基条件下,麻黄愈伤组织的鲜重增长量和相对生长速率有所不同;麻黄愈伤组织的发生需要一定配比的生长素和激素共同协同作用。     

Pollen indication to source plants in the eastern desert of China

Pollen analysis is one of the important resources for the reconstruction of palaeoclimate and palaeovegetation. The relationship between modern pollen and vegetation is the foundation of pollen analysis. Owing to its complexity and importance, many polynologists and plant-ecologists have been studying on it[1―17]. In 1963, M. B. Davis gave the definition of R-values[2] that have carried forward the quantitative relationship between pollen and vegetation. However, R-value is changeable for d…     

Insects associated with galls of a new species of Eurytomidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) on Ephedra nebrodensis in Spain

Galls found on Ephedra nebrodensis in Spain are formed by a species of Eurytoma (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, Eurytomidae) which is described as new. Four other species of Chalcidoidea (two described as new) and one species of Braconidae are parasitoids or inquilines of the eurytomid. An account is given of the biology of the community of insects associated with the gall.     

麻黄草中黄酮的超声波提取工艺研究

采用了超声波法从青海产麻黄草中提取黄酮,并从料液比,乙醇浓度,提取时间三个方面进行了对麻黄草提取效率进行了研究,通过紫外分光光度法测定了黄酮的含量.分析结果表明,最佳的提取工艺为乙醇浓度90%,料液比为1∶9,提取时间为90min.     

HPLC指纹图谱结合反向传播人工神经网络和判别分析鉴定不同的麻黄药材

采用HPLC-UV测定36个麻黄药材的指纹图谱,应用化学计量学进行图谱预处理和数据预处理,建立并验证不同种类、不同产地和不同采摘时间的麻黄药材的反向传播人工神经网络(back-propagation artificial neural network,BP-ANN)和判别分析(discriminant analysis,DA)判别模型.研究结果显示,所建BP-ANN模型的预测准确率为83.3％～94.4％、DA模型的性能指标为82.8％～88.5％,可见所建方法能有效判别不同种类、不同产地和不同采摘时间的麻黄药材.该方法基于麻黄药材物质基础的整体性质,判断客观,为其他药材的分析提供了参考.