5CrNiMo钢的低周疲劳特性及其位错结构

用光滑圆柱形试样,在应变控制下测定了两种热处理状态5CrNiMo钢的低周疲劳性能.试验发现,应变幅△ε_t/2在0.6～1.8×10~(-2)范围内,两种状态试验钢均表现为循环软化特性,软化效应主要集中在前几周;试验钢的应变-寿命曲线符合Manson-Coffin关系,且高温处理有较好的低周疲劳性能.TEM分析表明,循环软化与塑性变形的不均匀性有关;软化现象是由于循环变形中位错结构转变成低密度、低内应力的位错胞状组织,以及细小碳化物受性错往复剪切不断碎化而回溶所引起的.     

晶体镍中氦泡生长的分子动力学模拟

利用分子动力学方法模拟了面心立方金属镍中氦泡的膨胀和融合过程。通过原子分布示意图、径向分布函数等方面的分析研究发现,在温度较低时,随时间的演化,原相隔五层镍原子的两氦泡逐渐聚拢,同时周围出现大量空位、间隙原子、位错等缺陷结构;两氦泡最终连为一体,氦泡周围的镍原子构成一菱形位错区域。温度较高时,两氦泡融合速度加快,融合区域增大,这对于研究材料中的杂质、缺陷、孔洞、裂纹的扩展、贯通机理具有重要意思。     

掺杂钨丝的再结晶组织特征

本工作利用透射电子显微镜研究了两种丝径不同的掺杂钨丝的再结晶组织特征,0.4mm的钨丝在2100℃退火状态下呈现不均匀再结晶,而1.25mm的钨丝却强烈地反映出钾泡阻碍晶界迁移和对位错的钉扎作用。作者指出:在研究0.4mm以下掺杂钨丝的再结晶行为时,钾泡的分布状态固然重要,但还应着重研究深度拉拔在纤维组织和织构方面对延缓再结晶过程的作用。对这个问题的深入研究,有利于寻求合理的工艺参数。     

全髋关节置换术后脱位的原因及防治

对35例全髋置换术后脱位的原因进行分析,并提出防治措施.以减少并发症的发生.     

解理断裂机制

解理断裂是典型的脆性断裂 ,解理断裂也是一个裂纹萌生和扩展的过程 ,其机制与位错和晶粒有关。应力的大小和晶粒的尺寸影响解理断裂。细化晶粒可抑制脆性断裂。     

锁骨远端骨折和肩锁关节脱位的手术治疗

目的比较传统克氏针钢丝张力带与锁骨钩钢板治疗锁骨远端骨折与肩锁关节脱位,评估两种方法治疗锁骨远端骨折与肩锁关节脱位的临床疗效.方法回顾比较自1998年3月～2005年3月采用克氏针钢丝张力带和锁骨钩钢板治疗锁骨远端骨折和肩锁关节脱位93例的治疗效果及并发症.结果克氏针钢丝张力带固定组平均随访3.3 a,优良率为73.2%.锁骨钩钢板固定组平均随访1.6 a,优良率为100%.结论锁骨钩钢板在治疗锁骨远端骨折及肩锁关节脱位比用传统克氏针钢丝张力带方法更加简单适用,疗效确切,可以早期功能锻炼,术后并发症少.     

High temperature creep mechanisms of a single crystal superalloy: A phasefield simulation and microstructure characterization

The high temperature creep behavior of a single crystal Ni-based superalloy was studied by combined experimental and numerical methods. The creep test results showed that the creep curves exhibited a three-stage feature. The qualitative explanations for each stage of the creep curves were carried out based on the microstructure characterizations of γ/γ′ phases and dislocations. An elastoplasticity incorporated phase-field model was developed to provide quantitative understanding on directional coarsening(rafting) of γ′ phase. The simulation results showed that the directionality of γ′ coarsening was induced by both dislocation activity in γchannels and elastic inhomogeneity between γ and γ' phases, therein the dislocation activity played a major role.This findings provide new insights into the design of novel single crystal superalloys with improved creep properties.     

Compositional complexity dependence of dislocation density and mechanical properties in high entropy alloy systems

This study focuses on a quantitative analysis of dislocation accumulation after cold plastic deformation and mechanical properties of FeNiCoCrMn and TiNbHfTaZr high entropy alloys (HEAs) which are single phase fcc and bcc solid solutions, respectively. In order to study the role of compositional complexity from unary to quinary compositions on dislocation accumulation and mechanical properties after plastic deformation, the single solid solution phase forming sub-alloys of the two HEAs were investigated. All studied samples revealed a large plastic deformability under cold-rotary swaging process by 85–90% area reduction without intermediate annealing. The dislocation density of all studied samples, determined by Williamson-Hall method on synchrotron X-ray diffraction patterns, were between 10¹⁴ - 10¹⁵ m⁻² dependent on the alloy composition. The level of dislocation density after plastic deformation is not only affected by the number of constituent element but the lattice distortion and intrinsic properties in terms of stacking fault energy, modulus misfit, and melting point also impact the dislocation storage. The level of dislocation density determines the level of mechanical properties because of a resistance to dislocation motions. The hardness and yield compressive strength of the studied samples are proportional to the level of dislocation density.     

Creep behavior and dislocation mechanism of Ni3Al based single crystal alloy IC6SX at 760℃

The creep behavior and dislocation mechanism of Ni₃Al-based single crystal alloys IC6 SX with crystal orientation[001] which was prepared by seed crystal method under the testing conditions of 760℃/500 MPa,760℃/540 MPa and 760℃/580 MPa were investigated. The experimental results showed that the creep properties,dislocation morphology and mechanism of this alloy were different under different stress conditions. With the stress increasing from 500 MPa to 580 MPa, the creep life decrease...     

Evolutions of diffusion activation energy and Zener–Hollomon parameter of ultra-high strength Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr alloy during hot compression

The changes of stress level for the ultra-high strength Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr alloy were described by constitutive equation with considering lattice diffusion of aluminum, zinc, magnesium and copper. Zener–Hollomon(Z)parameter expression based on the constitutive equation with considering lattice diffusion was used to reflect the changes of microstructure. The critical stress σcfor the initiation of dynamic recrystallization(DRX) was introduced to calculate the Z parameter. Steady-state dislocation density ρsatand critical dislocation density ρcfor the initiation of DRX decreased with the increase of deformation temperature. The dependence of diffusion activation energy Q on temperature and strain rate was given and the effects of deformation conditions on Q were discussed in detail. Microstructural evolution revealed that low angle boundaries(2–5°) created in the process of dynamic recovery(DRV) could convert into subgrain boundary, thus the original grains were divided into subgrains, and then subgrains transformed into DRX grains by the way of progressive rotation. When the Z value was high(ln Z 30.9), DRV was the main softening mechanism. With the decrease of Z value, both of DRV and DRX played an important roles in softening effect, while with the further decrease of Z value(ln Z 28.6), DRX became the main softening mechanism. Continuous dynamic recrystallization(CDRX) and discontinuous dynamic recrystallization(DDRX) operated together under the condition of lower Z value, but CDRX was confirmed as the dominant DRX mechanism.