Frequent mtDNA mutations and its role in gastric carcinogenesis

In order to disclose the relationship between mutations of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and gastric carcinogenesis, we screened the entire mtDNA sequence in 30 cases of human gastric cancer and matched normal tissues by using denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) and DNA sequencing. Our data showed that high frequency (66.7%, 20/30) of mitochondrial genome mutation occurred in gastric cancer. Among these variants, 17 cases (56.7%, 17/30) were identified to be somatic mutation. High level mutant frequency was found in ND4, ND5 coding genes and D-loop control region, which was 36.7%, 26.7% and 30% respectively. Comparing with complexes Ⅲ, Ⅳ and Ⅴof the electron transport chain, we found that variants appeared to be more frequent in the subunit genes of complexⅠ. Most of mutations were base substitutions (85.4%, 41/48). Our results suggested that mutations of subunit genes encoding complexⅠ, especially ND3, ND4 and ND5 genes, might contribute to human gastric carcinogenesis.     

STK11 基因在Peutz-Jeghers综合征家系中的突变分析

黑斑息肉综合征（Peutz-Jeghers syndrome，PJS）是一种常染色体显性遗传性疾病。最近，在19p13.3克隆出了PJS致病基因STK11(丝氨酸苏氨酸激酶)。为了进一步研究中国人PJS患者STK11基因的突变情况，应用变性高效液相色谱（DHPLC）和DNA测序方法，对3个多代PJS和3个散发性PJS家系中15例患者和20例正常成员的STK11基因的9个外显子进行了分析，在6个家系中共发现10个由碱基替代导致的点突变。有7个突变可使基因产物发生改变，包括1个无义突变、5个错义突变和1个移码点突变。分别发生在STK11基因的第37（CAG→TAG），123（CAG→CAT），161(ATT→AGT)，194（GAC→GAG）,245(CTC→TTC)和354位密码子（TTC→TTG）及第4内含子3′末端煎接位点部位（AG→AA）。在3个散发PJS家系中，有1个家系的患者，在第5外显子内存在错义突变，其余2个家系的患者，在内含子1（ 36）和内含子3（-51）均存在点突变。研究还发现，有3个多态位点，分别发生在内含子1（ 36），内含子3（-5）和内含子5（ 27）部位。以上结果表明，在PJS患者中存在较高频率STK11基因点突变，突变位点可分散在整个编码区。两代以上发病的家系突变频率较散发病例突变率高，提示STK11基因的改变与PJS的发病密切相关。     

变性高效液相色谱检测霍乱弧菌

变性高效液相色谱（DHPLC）是近几年刚发展起来的一种快速检测PCR扩增产物的新技术．应用该技术快速检测O1、O139、非O1、非O139群霍乱弧菌的外膜蛋白基因（ompW）．根据霍乱弧菌外膜蛋白基因的特异性引物,PCR扩增的产物经DHPLC进行快速检测．以54株参考菌株做特异性检测．在丹东口岸国境外环境水体采集水样310份,以PCR—DHPLC和常规分离培养进行了比较,对丹东口岸国境外环境水体霍乱弧菌感染状况进行了检测,并对分离株进行了ompW基因测序．试验结果表明该方法有很好的特异性,310份水样中经PCR—DHPLC检测出58株霍乱弧菌的分菌株,阳性率为19％,与常规分离培养比较,符合率为100％．分离株的ompW序列与Genbank中的存在1％～3％的差异．这种检验方法特异性强,简便快捷,为霍乱防治提供了一种有效的检测新手段．     

应用DHPLC检测多巴胺D2受体基因在中国人群中的多态性

通过变性高效液相色谱 (DHPLC)和DNA测序在 4 1个中国汉族人DNA样本中检测DRD2基因编码区和拼接区的单核苷酸多态性 (SNP) ,结果发现 3个SNP :Intron5的 2 77G/A、Exon7的 4 2C/T和Exon7的 1 2 9T/C .Intron5 2 77G/A是在中国汉族人群中发现的新SNP ,Exon7 4 2C/T和 1 2 9T/C在NCBIdbSNP中已有相应记录 (分别为rs4 986 92 1和rs6 2 75) ,它们均导致DRD2基因的同义突变 ,其中Exon7 1 2 9C等位基因频率在研究样本中高达 4 3.9% .这些结果为在中国汉族人群中开展DRD2基因相关的群体遗传学研究提供了遗传标记 .另外 ,还探讨了DHPLC检测突变的干扰因素及控制措施 ,为国内同行开展类似工作提供参考     

胃癌组织mtDNA突变与癌变关系的探讨

为了进一步明确mtDNA突变与胃癌发生、发展的关系，利用变性高效液相色谱（DHPLC）和DNA测序技术，对30例胃癌组织和对应的正常组织mtDNA基因组全序列进行了筛查，研究结果确定胃癌中mtDNA存在高频率的突变，突变频率为66.7%（20/30），其中56.7%（17/30）的突变仅见于癌组织，突变频率较高的基因为ND4，ND5和D-loop，分别为36.7%，26.7%和30%，与组成电子传递链复合体Ⅲ，Ⅳ，V的基因相比，复合体I基因在被检测的癌组织mtDNA中的突变频率最高（43.3%），突变类型以碱基替代为主（85.4%），研究结果提示，复合体I基因，特别是ND4，ND5和ND3基因突变在胃癌的发生，发展中起重要作用。     

Mutations analysis of STK_(11) gene in Chinese families with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS) is an autosomal dominant disease that is characterized by multiple gastrointestinal hamartomatous polyps and melanin spots on lips and buccal mucosa at young age[1,2]. Previous studies have demonstrated that PJS predisposes carriers to cancers of gastrointestinal tract, uterus, ovary, testis, breast and other extragastrointestinal organs[3—5]. The STK11 gene, encoding a serine/threonine kinase at chro-mosome 19p13.3, was identified in 1998 as the main causativ…     

Mutations analysis of STK11 ene in Chinese families with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS) is an autosomal dominantly inherited disease characterized by multiple gastrointestinal hamartomatous polyps and melanin spots on lips and buccal mucosa, with an increased risk for various cancers. ThePJS gene, a potential tumour suppressor gene, encoding a serine/ threonie kinase (STK11), was mapped to chromosome 19p13.3. To investigate the mutations of STK11 gene in Chinese with PJS, we analyzed its coding sequence in fifteen patientsand twenty unaffected members of six families, including three multigenerational families with PJS and three sporadic families with PJS, by PCR, PCR-DHPLC and DNA sequencing techniques. Ten point mutations were found in the six families, including five missense mutations, one acceptor-splice site mutation, a nonsense mutation and three silent mutations. Our data showed that five missense mutations occurrd at codon 123 (CAG to CAT) in exon 2, codon 161 (ATT to AGT) in exon 4,codon 194 (GAC to GAG) in exon 4, codon 245 (CTC to TTC) in exon 5 and codon 354 (TTC to TTG) in exon 8. One kind of nonsense mutation was detected at codon 37(CAG to TAG) in exon 1. Furthermore, we found an intronic mutation at a splice-acceptor site: a one base substitution from AG to AA in intron 4. These mutations were not detected in 20 normal DNA samples. In three sporadic families, only in one patient, we detected a missense mutation in exon 5. In addition, we found three silent mutations, which may cause polymorphisms of STK11 gene in introns 1(+36), 3(-51) and 5(+27). These results indicated that the point mutation in STK11 might be involved in PJS pathogenesis. Mutation frequency is higher in the families suffering PJS in three or more generations than that of the sporadic cases.