肉毒碱对不同蛋白质水平饲料脂肪消化率的影响

用在3个(28%,32%,36%)蛋白质水平上分别添加了10-4纯肉毒碱的饲料喂养相同的鲤鱼春片鱼种,分别以空白为对照组,比较添加肉毒碱对饲料的脂肪消化率的影响.结果表明,肉毒碱具有明显的促进鲤鱼饲料脂肪消化的作用,同时蛋白质含量越低的饲料,其添加的效果越好.当添加量为10-4时,饲料脂肪的消化率由大到小的顺序为蛋白质量分数分别为28%,32%,36%.     

Thyroid hormone controls carnitine status through modifications of γ-butyrobetaine hydroxylase activity and gene expression

The carnitine system plays a key role in β-oxidation of long-chain fatty acids by permitting their transport into the mitochondrial matrix. The effects of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism were studied on γ-butyrobetaine hydroxylase (BBH), the enzyme responsible for carnitine biosynthesis in the rat. In rat liver, BBH activity was decreased in the hypothyroid state and increased in hyperthyroid animals. The modifications in BBH activity correlated with changes in the enzyme Vmax values. These changes were shown to be related to hepatic BBH mRNA abundance. Thyroid hormones are known to interact with lipid metabolism, in particular by increasing long-chain fatty acid oxidation through activation of carnitine-dependent fatty acid import into mitochondria. Our study showed that thyroid hormones also increased carnitine bioavailability. Received 23 October 2001; received after revision 11 January 2002; accepted 15 January 2002     

肉毒碱对鲤鱼春片鱼种饲料总消化率的影响

用分别添加了质量分数为0,5×10-5,10-4,1.5×10-4,2×10-4,2.5×10-4纯肉毒碱的饲料饲养相同的鲤鱼春片鱼种,比较这些鱼对每种饲料的总(表观)消化率.结果表明,肉毒碱具有明显的促进鲤鱼饲料消化的作用,并且添加量质量分数为10-4时促消化作用最好.     

肉碱在体育运动与身体健康中的作用研究进展

运用文献综述法，较系统地分析了肉碱对人体运动能力和健康的影响，其目的在于加强人们对肉碱营养价值的认识，并提出补充肉碱的可行性与必要性及补充方式．     

Structural insight into function and regulation of carnitine palmitoyltransferase

The control of fatty acid translocation across the mitochondrial membrane is mediated by the carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT) system. Modulation of its functionality has simultaneous effects on fatty acid and glucose metabolism. This encourages use of the CPT system as drug target for reduction of gluconeogenesis and restoration of lipid homeostasis, which are beneficial in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity. Recently, crystal structures of CPT-2 were determined in uninhibited forms and in complexes with inhibitory substrate-analogs with anti-diabetic properties in animal models and in clinical studies. The CPT-2 crystal structures have advanced understanding of CPT structure–function relationships and will facilitate discovery of novel inhibitors by structure-based drug design. However, a number of unresolved questions regarding the biochemistry and pharmacology of CPT enzymes remain and are addressed in this review.