Gigantecin: A novel antimitotic and cytotoxic acetogenin,with nonadjacent tetrahydrofuran rings,fromGoniothalamus giganteus (Annonaceae)

Summary Gigantecin (I), a novel tetrahydroxy-di-tetrahydrofuran fatty acid -lactone (acetogenin), was isolated from an ethanolic extract of the stem bark ofGoniothalamus giganteus Hook. f., Thomas (Annonaceae), by means of activity-directed fractionation (brine shrimp lethality test). This new compound is extremely cytotoxic to human tumor cells, inhibits crown gall tumors on potato discs, and is active in an assay designed to detect antimitotic agents (9 ASK).     

Microcalorimetric study of the effect of porphyrin-cholesterol esters on cancer cells HL-60

By using an LKB-2277 Bioactivity Monitor, the effect of porphyrin-cholesterol esters on cancer cells HL-60 were examined at 25°C. There is a difference in the shape of the thermogenesis curve samong different kinds of porphyrin-cholesterol esters, and the death rate of HL-60 cells is also different. The results show that porphyrin-chsterol esters can powerfully inhibit their metabolism, the inhibitory sequence is II>I>III, but the inhibitory way of each ester is different. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Liu Yi: born in Nov. 1970, Ph. D. graduate student     

一种有效的算法在胃癌特征基因选取中的应用研究

基于基因表达谱运用信息科学的方法和技术建立胃癌的分类模型,关键在于准确找出决定样本类别的一组特征基因。针对该问题在分析胃癌的基因表达谱基础上研究了胃癌特征基因选取问题。本文在借鉴递归特征排除策略的基础上,将RFE_Relief方法应用到胃癌特征基因选取上,并用支持向量机作为分类器,以分类错误率为标准进行了胃癌的分类预测实验,实验结果表明了该方法的可行性和有效性。     

C-met和COX-2在非小细胞肺癌中的表达与临床意义

目的探讨非小细胞肺癌中C-met和COX-2表达及其临床意义。方法收集2010年1月至2012年6月存档的NSCLC石蜡标本60例肺癌组织和20例相对应癌旁正常肺组织。采用免疫组化方法分别检测肺癌组织及癌旁正常肺组织中C-met和COX-2的表达情况。结果 C-met和COX-2在NSCLC中的表达显著高于癌旁正常组织;C-met和COX-2在NSCLC中的过表达和病理类型、有无淋巴结结转移以及TNM分期有密切相关性;C-met还与病理分级相关;C-met和COX-2两者在NSCLC中的表达呈正相关性。结论 C-met和COX-2可能在NSCLC的发生、发展过程中起了重要的作用,C-met和COX-2可能成为肺癌早期诊断、预后评估的生物标志物。两者的显著相关性提示C-met和COX-2两者在NSCLC的发生、发展中存在相互作用,为探讨非小细胞肺癌发病机制以及探寻非小细胞肺癌治疗新途径提供实验依据。     

Ants feeding on anal exudate from tortricid larvae: a new type of trophobiosis

A new type of trophobiosis between tortricid larvae of a hitherto unknown genus and species, and various ant species of the subfamilies Formicinae, Dolichoderinae and Myrmicinae, was found in Malaysia. The larvae live in silken shelters fixed to the leaves of bamboo. In response to mechanical stimuli from the ants, they discharge from the anus a liquid containing sugar and amino acids and/or protein. The tortricid is described as Semutophila saccharopa gen. nov., sp. nov.; a second species, S. susurra sp. nov., is described from New Guinea.     

The multifaceted role of periostin in tumorigenesis

Periostin, also called osteoblast-specific factor 2 (OSF-2), is a member of the fasciclin family and a disulfide-linked cell adhesion protein that has been shown to be expressed preferentially in the periosteum and periodontal ligaments, where it acts as a critical regulator of bone and tooth formation and maintenance. Furthermore, periostin plays an important role in cardiac development. Recent clinical evidence has also revealed that periostin is involved in the development of various tumors, such as breast, lung, colon, pancreatic, and ovarian cancers. Periostin interacts with multiple cell-surface receptors, most notably integrins, and signals mainly via the PI3-K/Akt and other pathways to promote cancer cell survival, epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), invasion, and metastasis. In this review, aspects related to the function of periostin in tumorigenesis are summarized.     

The neurotrophic receptor TrkB: a drug target in anti-cancer therapy?

Increasing evidence implies altered signaling through the neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase TrkB in promoting tumor formation and metastasis. TrkB, sometimes in conjunction with its primary ligand BDNF, is often overexpressed in a variety of human cancers, ranging from neuroblastomas to pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas, in which it may allow tumor expansion and contribute to resistance to anti-tumor agents. In vitro, TrkB acts as a potent suppressor of anoikis (detachment-induced apoptosis), which is associated with the acquisition of an aggressive tumorigenic and metastatic phenotype in vivo. In view of its predicted contribution to tumorigenicity and metastasis in humans, TrkB corresponds to a potential drug target, and preclinical models have already been established. The encouraging results of pharmacological Trk inhibitors in tumor xenograft models suggest that TrkB inhibition may represent a promising novel anti-tumor therapeutic strategy. This hypothesis is currently being evaluated in clinical trials. Here, we will discuss the latest developments on TrkB in these contexts as well as highlight some critical questions that remain to be addressed for evaluating TrkB as a therapeutic target in cancer. Received 12 October 2005; received after revision 19 December 2005; accepted 11 January 2006     

肿瘤电化学疗法的体外实验

肿瘤电化学疗法的体外实验梁基选，张长弓，苏金华，陈宝　（抗癌中心）肿瘤电化学治疗是根据瑞典放射医学专家Ｎｏｒｄｅｎｓｔｒｏｍ提出的血管－间质闭合电路理论，开展的一项新的临床治疗恶性肿瘤方法。主要是将正负电极分别插入瘤体及周围组织，形成电回路，干扰肿瘤...     

Ⅱ型糖尿病血清唾液酸测定的临床意义初探

本文对Ⅱ型糖尿病患者的血清唾液酸进行了检测，结果发现Ⅱ型糖尿病人的血清唾液酸浓度增高，阳性率为７１．１％，与正常人及炎症病人比较均有极显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．００１），但结果低于恶性肿瘤病人，糖尿病人的病情与血清唾液酸浓度成正相关。结果表明，糖尿病与血清唾液酸有着相互关系。     

半枝莲多糖的研究 分离纯化及其基本性质

半枝莲经乙醚脱脂,热水提取,Sevage 法脱蛋白质,乙醇沉淀后得半枝莲多糖粗品.经 DEAE-纤维素(DE-52)柱层析和 Sephadex G-200凝胶过滤得半枝莲多糖精品.紫外光谱分析表明不含有核酸和蛋白质.经乙酸纤维薄膜电泳、琼脂糖电泳和 Sephadex G-200凝胶过滤法柱层析结果表明均为单一条带或者单一峰,证明此多糖精品是均一的.分析表明此多糖精品的总糖含量以半乳糖为标准为115%,以葡萄糖为标准为56%,以糖原为标准是58%.用 SephadexG-200分子筛法测得平均分子量为1×10~4道尔顿.体外实验表明半枝莲多糖对移植肉瘤 S-180细胞和腹水癌细胞均有一定的抑制作用.