Endorcine cells producing regulatory peptides

Summary Recent data on the immunologication of regulatory peptides and related propeptide sequences in endocrine cells and tumours of the gastrointestinal tract pancreas, lung, thyroid, pituitary (ACTH and opioids), adrenals and paraganglia have been revised and discussed. Gastrin, xenopsin, cholecystokinin (CCK), somatostatin, motilin, secretin, GIP (gastric inhibitory beenrevised and discussed. Gastrin, xenopsin, cholecystokinin (CCK), somatostatin, motilin, secretin, GIP (gastric inhibitory polypeptide), neurotensin, glicentin/glucagon-37 and PYY (peptide tyrosine tyrosine) are the main products of gastrointestinal endocrine cells; glucagon, CRF (corticotropin releasing factor), somatostatin, PP (pancreatic polypeptide) and GRF (growth hormone releasing factor), in addition to insulin, are produced in pancreatic islet cells; bombesin-related peptidesare the main markers of pulmonary endocrine cells; calcitonin and CGRP (calcitonin gene-related peptide) occur in thyroid and extrathyroid C cells; ACTH and endorphins in anterior and intermediate lobe pituitary cells, -MSH and CLIP (corticotropoin-like intermediate lobe peptide) in intermediate lobe cells; met- and leu-enkephalins and related peptides in adrenal medullary and paraganglionic cells as well as in some gut (enterochromaffin) cells; NPY (neuropeptide Y) in adrenalin-type adrenal medullary cells, etc.. Both tissue-appropriate and tissue-inappropriate regulatory peptides are produced by endocrine tumours, with inappropriate peptides mostly produced by malignant tumours.     

The effect of corticotropin-releasing factor and pro-opiomelanocortin-derived peptides on the phagocytosis of molluscan hemocytes

The effect of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) and pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC)-derived peptides on hemocyte phagocytosis in two molluscs,Planorbarius corneus andViviparus ater was studied. The peptides and related fragments examined are those which have been shown to influence hemocyte motility in the two species. The results obtained revealed that the effects on phagocytosis are not directly correlated with previous findings on cell motility. Furthermore, the mode of action of an individual peptide could be species-specific and dose-dependent. The relationships between peptides, locomotion and phagocytosis in these molluscs are discussed.     

现浇钢筋混凝土暗梁空心板在某建筑中的应用

介绍了现浇暗梁空心楼盖技术,结合帝景花园商场工程对结构梁板的设计计算进行了说明。     

基于NER的石油非结构化信息抽取研究

随着"智能油田"的建设加快,构建基于海量石油数据的智能分析系统意义重大。然而,由于石油生产过程中产生的文本数据往往无结构且类型多样,从中抽取关键信息进行分析成为一个研究热点,而信息抽取又需要高质量的语义实体做支撑。根据这一特定问题,提出基于命名实体识别（Named Entity Recognition,NER）技术针对石油非结构化文本进行信息抽取,构建双向长短时记忆（Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory,Bi LSTM）网络模型提取语料特征,并结合条件随机场（Conditional Random Field,CRF）做分类器,构建了基于Bi LSTM+CRF的高精度NER模型,针对石油工业领域的非结构化文本进行命名实体抽取。通过在修井作业文本数据集上进行对比实验表明,本方法具有较高的精确率和召回率。     

Recognition of Chinese Organization Name Using Co-training

Chinese organization name recognition is hard and important in natural language processing. To reduce tagged corpus and use untagged corpus, we presented combing Co-trainins with support vector machines (SVM) and conditional random fields (CRF) to improve recognition results. Based on principles of uncorrelated and compatible, we constructed different classifiers from different views within SVM or CRF alone and combination of these two models. And we modified a heuristic untagged samples selection algorithm to reduce time complexity. Experimental results show that under the same tagged data, Co-training has 10% F-measure higher than using SVM or CRF alone; under the same F-measure, Co-training saves at most 70% of tagged data to achieve the same performance.     

基于主题标签和CRF的中文微博命名实体识别

近年来,网络媒体微博的迅速发展,为命名实体的识别研究提供了一种全新的载体.针对中文微博文本短、表达不清、网络化严重等特点,论文提出了一种规则与统计相结合的中文微博命名实体识别方法.该方法首先利用中文微博的主题标签对处理后的数据进行筛选,然后再选取合适的特征模板,并利用条件随机场模型(Conditional random fields, CRF)进行实体识别.为了满足实验要求,该文将传统网页爬虫方法与API接口采集方法相结合进行微博数据采集.实验结果表明,该方法能够有效提高中文微博命名实体的识别效果.     

基于“治未病”理念下的四维一体综合干预技术防治CRF临床研究

目的探讨自拟中医药口服方,灌肠方,沐浴方及穴位按摩联合运用的四位一体,全方位,多靶点综合干预技术,观察治疗CRF患者的临床疗效。方法符合纳入CRF标准的患者随机分为治疗组（实施中医药四位一体干预技术组）和对照组（口服西药包醛氧淀粉组）：观察二组患者客观症状的改善,肌酐（Scr）、尿素氮（Bun）,内生肌酐清除率（Ccr）等生化指标变化,评定疗效。结果经3个疗程90d的治疗比较,治疗组和对照组CRF患者的Scr,Bun,Ccr变化进行比较有极其显著差异P〈0．01）。结论四位一体综合干预技术防治CRF疗效显著,值得临床推广应用。     

基于隐特征提取和CRF模型的中文词义消歧

传统的中文词义消歧方法是通过观察文本的上下文信息、词性等显性特征建立消歧模型,本文通过对歧义产生原因进行深入的分析,发现词语之间隐含的语法结构、语义信息等也会导致歧义的产生,可以考虑将这些信息加入消歧模型进行消歧。由于《知网》知识库中对词语之间的搭配信息进行了总结,本文借助《知网》提取训练语料库所获取的词语搭配信息的隐性语义特征,结合显性的上下文特征,采用条件随机场的方法进行词义消歧。最后,通过实验进行词义消歧和效果验证,结果表明：本文采用的方法与传统的条件随机场消歧相比,词义消歧的准确率得到了提高。     

The corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) family of peptides as local modulators of adrenal function

Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), also termed corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) or corticoliberin, is the major regulator of the adaptive response to internal or external stresses. An essential component of the adaptation mechanism is the adrenal gland. CRF regulates adrenal function indirectly through the central nervous system (CNS) via the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and via the autonomic nervous system by way of locus coeruleus (LC) in the brain stem. Accumulating evidence suggests that CRF and its related peptides also affect the adrenals directly, i.e. not through the CNS but from within the adrenal gland where they form paracrine regulatory loops. Indeed, CRF and its related peptides, the urocortins (UCNs: UCN1, UCN2 and UCN3), their receptors CRF type 1 (CRF₁) and 2 (CRF₂) as well as the endogenous pseudo-receptor CRF-binding protein (CRF-BP) are all expressed in adrenal cortical, medullary chromaffin and resident immune cells. The intra-adrenal CRF-based regulatory system is complex and depends on the balance between the local concentration of CRF ligands and the availability of their receptors. Received 19 December 2006; received after revision 20 February 2007; accepted 26 March 2007