Calcitonin gene related peptide stimulates adenylate cyclase activity in rat striated muscle

Summary Rat calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) and salmon calcitonin (CT) stimulated adenylate cyclase activity in a dose-dependent manner in the rat diaphragm and in the kidney. The ED₅₀ value of rat CGRP was lower and that of salmon CT was higher in the diaphragm than in the kidney. These results suggest that CGRP stimulates adenylate cyclase activity in the striated muscle by reacting with sites distinct from the site in the kidney.     

降钙素基因相关肽衍生物的制备及降血压功能研究

用PCR法将人的降钙素基因相关肽(calcitonin gene related—peptide,CGRP)基因克隆到表达载体pGEX-4T-2的GST基因后,构建成一个新的表达质粒pGEX—CGRP．另外分别将2个有降压功能的小肽HHL和RPLKPW的基因克隆到CGRP基因后,构建成2个表达质粒pGEX—CGRP-3AA和pGEX—CGRP-6AA．将此3个表达质粒转化到大肠杆菌TG1中,获得3个高表达的融合蛋白：GST—CGRP,GST—CGRP—HHL,GST—CGRP—RPLKPW;通过G1utathione Sepharose 4B亲和层析纯化融合蛋白,测定蛋白浓度,利用自发性高血压大鼠(spontaneously hypertensive rat,SHR)来检测蛋白的降血压功能,发现融合蛋白GST—CGRP—HHL具有显著的降压效果,能使舒张压下降8．0kPa,且降压维持时间延长,达到70min以上．     

四逆泻心汤对慢性乙酸胃溃疡大鼠血浆内皮素、降钙素基因相关肽的影响

目的探讨四逆泻心汤对慢性乙酸胃溃疡大鼠血浆内皮素(ET)、降钙素基因相关肽(CGRP)的影响.方法采用乙酸致大鼠胃溃疡模型,设空白对照组、模型对照组、四逆泻心汤组、雷尼替丁组,分别给予生理盐水(空白对照组和模型对照组)、四逆泻心汤、雷尼替丁灌胃,2w治疗结束后,取血测ET、CGRP含量.结果四逆泻心汤治疗组、雷尼替丁治疗组血浆ET含量较模型对照组明显降低(P＜0.05),而CGRP含量则明显升高.结论四逆泻心汤可能是通过增加CGRP含量,降低ET含量,改善黏膜微循环,增加胃黏膜血流(GMBF),从而促进溃疡的愈合.     

Neuropeptides in pelvic afferent pathways

Summary Neurochemical and pharmacological experiments have raised the possibility that several neuropeptides including, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), peptide histidine isoleucine amide (PHI), substance P, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), neurokinin A, cholecystokinin (CCK) and opioid peptides may be transmitters in afferent pathways to the pelvic viscera. These substances are widely distributed in: 1) nerve fibers in the pelvic organs, 2) visceral afferent neurons in the lumbosacral dorsal root ganglia and 3) at sites of afferent termination in the spinal cord. Double, staining immunocytochemical techniques have shown that more than one peptide can be localized in individual visceral afferent neurons and that neuronal excitatory (VIP, substance P, CCK) and inhibitory peptides (leucine enkephalin) can coexist in the same afferent cell. Studies with the neurotoxin, capsaicin, indicate that peptidergic afferent pathways are, involved in the initiation of central autonomic reflexes as well as peripheral axon reflexes which modulate smooth muscle activity, facilitate transmission in automatic ganglia and trigger local inflammatory responses.     

四逆泻心汤对慢性乙酸胃溃疡大鼠血浆内皮素、降钙素基因相关肽的影响

目的探讨四逆泻心汤对慢性乙酸胃溃疡大鼠血浆内皮素(ET)、降钙素基因相关肽(CGRP)的影响。方法采用乙酸致大鼠胃溃疡模型,设空白对照组、模型对照组、四逆泻心汤组、雷尼替丁组,分别给予生理盐水(空白对照组和模型对照组)、四逆泻心汤、雷尼替丁灌胃,2w治疗结束后,取血测ET、CGRP含量。结果四逆泻心汤治疗组、雷尼替丁治疗组血浆ET含量较模型对照组明显降低(P<0.05),而CG RP含量则明显升高。结论四逆泻心汤可能是通过增加CGR P含量,降低ET含量,改善黏膜微循环,增加胃黏膜血流(GM BF),从而促进溃疡的愈合。     

Coexistence of peptides with classical neurotransmitters

Summary In the present article the fact is emphasized that neuropeptides often are located in the same neurons as classical transmitters such as acetylcholine, 5-hydroxy-tryptamine, catecholamines, -aminobutyric acid (GABA) etc. This raises the possibility that neurons produce, store and release more than the one messenger molecule. The exact functional role of such coesisting peptides is often difficult to evaluate, especially in the central nervous system. In the periphery some studies indicate apparently meaningful interactions of different types with the classical transmitter, but other types of actions including trophic effects have been observed. More recently it has been shown that some neurons contain more than one classical transmitter, e.g. 5-HT plus GABA, further underlining the view that transfer of information across synapses may be more compex than perhaps hitherto assumed.     

散手运动员大运动量训练期安静时内皮素、降钙素基因相关肽和心钠素水平变化的探讨

采用放射免疫方法测定了9铭武术散手运动员大运动量训练期安静时内皮素（endothelin,ET)，降钙素基因相关肽（calcitonin gene related,CGRP)和心钠素（atrial natyiuretic peptide,ANP)等心血管激素，随着大运动量训练的深入，散手运动员血浆ET水平呈逐渐升高趋势，直至后两次取样点时出现显著差异。剧烈运动时，血浆儿茶酚胺及血管紧张素浓度增加，刺激ET分泌增加，另外，骨骼肌和心肌缺血，缺氧或损伤，也可导致ET的分泌增加，训练初期散手运动员血浆CGRP水平逐渐下降，但无显著差异，随着训练时间的延长该激素水平下降明显，表明与矩时间极限运动的作用不同，长期训练可使机体CGRP分泌减少。ET／CGRP比值的变化随着训练时间的推移，呈逐渐上升趋势，ANP水平在训练初期显著提高，之后的训练中始终高于训练前，到最后测试点时与其前两个点比较也有显著差异，说明比赛前大强度训练对散手运动员心脏激素的作用很大。ET与CGRP之间的变化具有明显的负相关，CGRP与ANP之间具有非常显著的负相关，ET与ANP之间有非常显著的正相关，ET，CGRP和ANP水平变化与血液浓缩无关。