Surface modification of Ti-45Al-8.5 Nb alloys by microarc oxidation to improve high-temperature oxidation resistance

Microarc oxidation(MAO)electrolysis plasma deposition was used to prepare Al_2O_3coatings on Ti-45Al-8.5 Nb alloys to improve high temperature oxidation resistance.The surface and cross-section morphologies before and after high-temperature oxidation,the chemical composition,and the phase identification of the coatings were investigated by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),electron probe microanalyses(EPMA),and X-ray diffraction(XRD).The results show that Al_2O_3coatings with a thickness of approximately 8μm can be obtained on the Ti-45Al-8.5 Nb alloys by MAO for 600 s.The samples with the Al_2O_3coatings exhibited better high-temperature oxidation resistance.A minimal weight gain of only 0.396 g/m~2after 100 h oxidation at 900°C was observed for the coatings formed with a deposition voltage of 400 V and using a duty cycle of 3%.The deposition mechanism of the Al_2O_3coatings and the effect of the MAO parameters are also described.     

Synthesis of the 3D porous carbon-manganese oxide (3D-C@MnO) nanocomposite and its supercapacitor behavior study

A 3D porous carbon-manganese oxide ([email protected]) nanocomposite is successfully synthesized via a thermal plasma deposition method. The chemical bonds and compositions, phase structures, surface morphologies, etc. of as-obtained [email protected] nanocomposite were characterized by the various equipment, such as X-ray diffractometer, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and electron microscopes. The electrochemical performances of the [email protected] nanocomposite electrode showed a specific capacitance of 780 F g^?1 at a current density of 2 A g^?1 and a capacitance retention rate of 99% after 5000 charge-discharge cycles at a high current density of 10 A g^?1. These excellent capacitive performances may be attributed to the encapsulation of MnO nanoparticles by porous carbon sheets in the [email protected] MnO nanocomposite structure. It is believed that the carbon-encapsulated MnO nanoparticles can be protected from a volume deformation during the charge adsorption/desorption cycle and can be electrically improved by the encapsulated carbon sheets, resulting in better overall capacitive performance. In addition, this study also demonstrates the practical applicability by assembling a supercapacitor using the as-obtained [email protected] nanocomposite to glow a light emitting diode.     

Nanostructured LiMn2O4 and their composites as high-performance cathodes for lithium-ion batteries

Improvement of the energy density and power density of the lithium-ion batteries is urgently required with the rapid development of electric vehicles and portable electronic devices. The spinel LiMn2O4 is one of the most promising cathode materials due to its low cost, nontoxicity, and improved safety compared with commercial LiCoO2. Developing nanostructured electrode materials represents one of the most attractive strategies to dramatically enhance battery performance, such as capacity, rate capability and cycling life. Currently, extensive efforts have been devoted to developing nanostructured LiMn2O4 and LiMn2O4/carbon nanocomposites to further improve the rate capability of lithium-ion batteries for high-power applications. In this paper, recent progress in developing nanostructured LiMn2O4 and LiMn2O4/carbon nanocomposites is reviewed, and the benefits to the electrochemical performance of LiMn2O4-based cathodes by using these electrode materials are also discussed.     

Janus few layered graphene with asymmetric wettability as anti-flooding cathode supports in proton exchange membrane fuel cells

Water balance in cathode catalyst layer (CCL) is crucial for proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). Herein, we report a novel strategy to develop a Janus few layered graphene particles (FLGP) with asymmetric wettability by varying the carbon precursors in the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process. Using the Janus FLGP supported Pt with asymmetric wettability as the cathode of a PEMFC, a peak power density of 632 mW cm⁻² was achieved, which was about two-folds of the hydrophobic FLGP and three-folds of hydrophilic FLGP based cathode, respectively. The enhanced performance could be ascribed to the well-constructed three-phase boundary in an anti-flooding cathode, leading to enlarged electrochemical active surface area and facilitated mass transfer. This work may provide new clues for improving water management in PEMFCs.     

基于神经网络的叶片电解加工阴极修正模型及其仿真

工具阴极的精确设计与修正是电解加工研究难点之一。采用人工神经网络技术,建立了基于改进BP神经网络的数字化阴极修正模型。通过模型对阴极型面进行了数字化修正,改变传统人工修正的方法,提高阴极修正效率。以多次阴极修正数据为基础,对型面修正量进行预测。结果表明：网络模型预测的阴极修正量与试验修正量比较接近,最大绝对误差在0.015mm左右,证明网络模型具有较好的预测效果。该网络模型能广泛应用于航空发动机叶片等复杂型面阴极的数字化修正,减少修正次数,缩短阴极修正周期,提高叶片电解加工精度。     

大模数斜齿轮可控电解珩磨电解间隙的计算

可控电解珩磨是一种适用于复杂淬硬表面的精密加工方法。文中讨论了大模数斜齿轮采用连续扫描阴极可控电解珩磨时电解间隙变化的原因及其对加工的影响 ,推导出了电解间隙变化量的计算公式。通过对影响电解间隙变化量因素的讨论 ,可定量控制阴极设计时的结构参数     

Three-dimensional interconnected cobalt oxide-carbon hollow spheres arrays as cathode materials for hybrid batteries

Hierarchical porous metal oxides arrays is critical for development of advanced energy storage devices. Herein, we report a facile template-assisted electro-deposition plus glucose decomposition method for synthesis of multilayer CoO/C hollow spheres arrays. The CoO/C arrays consist of multilayer interconnected hollow composite spheres with diameters of ～350 nm as well as thin walls of ～20 nm. Hierarchical hollow spheres architecture with 3D porous networks are achieved. As cathode of high-rate hybrid batteries, the multilayer CoO/C hollow sphere arrays exhibit impressive enhanced performances with a high capacity (73.5 mAh g?1 at 2 A g?1), and stable high-rate cycling life (70 mAh g?1 after 12,500 cycles at 2 A g?1). The improved electrochemical performance is owing to the composite hollow-sphere architecture with high contact area between the active materials and electrolyte as well as fast ion/electron transportation path.     

固体氧化物燃料电池用导电陶瓷材料的研究进展

综述了导电陶瓷材料在固体氧化物燃料电池中的应用现状,分别从燃料电池的关键组件（电解质材料、阴极材料、阳极材料和连接材料等方面）对导电陶瓷的要求及其研究现状进行了讨论,提出目前研究广泛的导电陶瓷在固体氧化物燃料电池中存在问题。     

Synthesis of spherical Li1.167Ni0.2Co0.1Mn0.533O2 as cathode material for lithium-ion battery via co-precipitation

xLi2MnO3·(1-x)LiNi0.4Co0.2Mn0.4O2(x=0.5) powders were synthesized from co-precipitated spherical metal carbonate,Ni0.2Co0.1Mn0.533(CO3)x.It has been found that the preparation of metal carbonate was si...     

铝铜合金阴极的铝电解研究

在实验室小型电解槽上用铝铜合金做阴极,研究电流效率[CE]与极距,电流密度和阴极合金组成的关系,当极距超过一定值时,电流效率达到几乎不变的最大值;当阳极电流密度达到一定值时电流效率也出现最大值,在阴极合金组成低于33％重量铜以下,电流效率随含铜量增加而增加,根据试验结果推导出电流效率和阴极合金组成的数学关系式。