基于量子算符涨落的非线性隧穿效应

本文主要讨论玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体系(BECs)中关于量子算符涨落的非线性隧穿效应.通过数值模拟对称双势阱中BECs粒子与非线性作用的演化关系,可以得到在引入量子的算符涨落后,体系同样表现出Josephson效应和自囚禁现象.该理论极大地补充了基于平均场描述和量子描述下的非线性隧穿效应,为BECs的非线性隧穿效应的实验研究提供了理论依据.     

Effective mass approach for a Bose-Einstein condensate in an optical lattice

We study the stationary and propagating solutions for a Bose-Einstein condensate （BEC） in a periodic optical potential with an additional confining optical or magnetic potential. Using an effective mass approximation we express the condensate wave function in terms of slowly-varying envelopes modulating the Bloch modes of the optical lattice. In the limit of a weak nonlinearity, we derive a nonlinear Schrodinger equation for propagation of the envelope function which does not contain the rapid oscillation of the lattice. We then consider the ground state solutions in detail in the regime of weak, moderate and strong nonlinear interactions. We describe the form of solution which is appropriate in each regime, and place careful limits on the validity of each type of solution. Finally we extend the study to the propagating dynamics of a spinor atomic BEC in an optical lattice and some interesting phenomena are revealed.