Genetic analysis and molecular mapping of a presenescing leaf gene psll in rice （Oryza sativa L.）

A rice psl1 （presenescing leaf） mutant was obtained from a japonica variety Zhonghua 11 via radiation of ^60Co-γ in M2 generation. Every leaf of the mutant began to wither after it reached the biggest length, while the leaves of the wild variety could keep green for 25--35 d. In this study, genetic analysis and gene mapping were carried out for the mutant identified. The SSR marker analysis showed that the mutant was controlled by a single recessive gene （psl1） located on chromosome 2. Fine mapping of the psl1 locus was conducted with 34 new STS markers developed around psl1 anchored region based on the sequence diversity between Nipponbare and 93-11. The psl1 was further mapped between two STS markers, STS2-19 and STS2-26, with genetic distances of 0.43 and 0.11 cM, respectively, while cosegregated with STS2-25. A BAC contig was found to span the psl1 locus, the region being delimited to 48 kb. This result was very useful for cloning of the psl1 gene.     

Removal of disinfection by-product formation potentials by biologically assisted GAC treatment

The object of this paper is to evaluate the removal of disinfection by-products formation potential by artificially intensified biological activated carbon（BAC） process which is developed on the basis of traditional ozone granular activated carbon （GAC）. The results show that 23.1% of trihalomethane formation potential （THMFP） and 68% of haloacetic acid formation potential （HAAFP） can be removed by BAC, respectively. Under the same conditions, the removal rates of the same substances were 12.2% and 13-25% respectively only by GAC process. Compared with GAC, the high removal rates of the two formed potential substances were due to the increasing of bioactivity of the media and the synergistic capabilities of biological degradation cooperating with activated carbon adsorption of organic compounds. BAC process has some advantages such as long backwashing cycle time, low backwashing intensity and prolonged activated carbon lifetime, etc.     

生物活性炭去除垃圾渗滤液中难降解有机物

对比SBR和生物活性炭(biological activated carbon,BAC)处理垃圾渗滤液效果,COD去除率分别稳定在10%和25%左右,表明BAC可以去除部分难降解有机物.原位测定SBR和BAC反应器1个运行周期生物降解有机物二氧化碳(CO2)产生量分别为109和306mg,BAC比SBR生物分解有机物量多,表明BAC可以生物分解部分难降解有机物.采用Freundlich方程拟合新活性炭,生物再生活性炭和吸附饱和活性炭的吸附等温线,1/n值分别为2.56,2.94和19.05,表明新活性炭吸附能力最强,生物再生活性炭次之,吸附饱和活性炭最差,生物再生使活性炭的吸附能力得到较好的恢复,证明了生物再生现象的存在.进一步分析认为吸附延长了有机物在反应器内的停留时间,提高了生物分解量.生物再生是BAC去除难降解有机物的本质原因.     

Physical location of riceGm-6, Pi-5(t) genes inO. officinalis with BAC-FISH

A fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) procedure was adopted to physically map two rice BAC clones 24E21 and 4F22 linked to Gm-6 and Pi-5(t) in O. offi-cinalis. FISH results showed that the two BAC clones were located at 4L. The percentage distance from the centromere to the hybridization sites was 72 + 2.62 for 24E21 and 54+ 5.43 for 4F22, the detection rates were 52.70% and 61.2%. The results obtained from the BAC and plasmid clones, RG214 and RZ565 of cultivated rice and O. officinalis were the same. This suggested that the markers, RG214 and RZ565 of cultivated rice and O. officinalis were in the same BAC clones. The homologous sequences of Gm-6 and Pi-5(t) in O. officinalis were positions that signals existed on the 4L. Many signals were observed when no Cot-1 DNA blocked. This also showed that repetitive sequences were some ho-molgous between cultivated rice and O. officinalis. The identification of chromosome 4 of O. officinalis is based on Jena et al. (1994). In our study, we discussed the possibility of physical map in O. officinalis with rice BAC clones.     

Advanced Treatment of Wastewater and Slightly Deteriorated Raw Water by Biological Activated Carbon Method under Rich Oxygen Condition

Rich oxygen-biological activated carbon(RO-BAC)method developed from traditional BAC method is a sys-tem in which high pressure is applied to improve the oxy-gen concentration of the influent.Experiment withwastewater and the slightly deteriorated raw water showsthe system is an effective option for advanced treatmentof industry wastewater and pretreatment of slightly dete-riorated raw water.The experiment results and the in-fluential factors are discussed in this paper.     

高锰酸盐预氧化与生物活性炭-砂滤池工艺去除THMFP效能研究

通过动态连续流实验考察了高锰酸盐预氧化与生物活性炭-砂滤池工艺对THMFP 的去除效果。研究发现,高锰酸盐预氧化能够提高混凝工艺对大分子有机物(MV>5100)的去除效能,生物活性炭-砂滤池对小分子有机物(MV<1200)有明显的去除作用,该组合工艺对不同分子量有机物的去除具有很好的互补性。与常规处理工艺相比,该组合工艺对THMFP的去除率提高了44％。     

盐藻(Dunaliella viridis)细菌人工染色体文库的构建和鉴定

盐藻具有极强的耐盐能力,是研究植物耐盐机制的模式系统.为了对其耐盐机制进行深入的 研究,以pCC1BAC为载体,构建了盐藻的细菌人工染色体（BAC）文库.该文库共有9 216 个转化子,插入片段平均长度为55 kb,以单克隆形式保藏在96块96孔板中,并建立了四维P CR基因筛选体系,可以通过4轮PCR快速筛选获得阳性单克隆.根据本实验室分离到的两个盐 藻基因的cDNA序列（ DvSPT2和DvTPSP ）设计引物,通过PCR从该文库中各筛到4个阳性BA C克 隆,说明该文库能有效用于分离盐藻基因的基因组序列,据此推测该文库约覆盖4倍盐藻基 因组序列.     

活性炭降解性能的优化及降解机制分析

为加强活性炭降解能力,采用曝气和预氧化的方法。通过扫描电镜对活性炭进行观察,表层多孔,微生物丰富,多为球状和杆状细菌,不同炭层上的生物量约为15～30×108个E.coli当量/g活性炭。在进水平均值氨氮为39.8 mg/L、TOC为9.0 mg/L、UV254为0.104 cm-1时,去除率分别高达60%、27.5%和18.9%。采用聚合酶链式反应-变性梯度凝胶电泳(PCR-DGGE)解析不同炭层上微生物的DNA,结果表明:中间炭层的生物多样性指数比上、下炭层略高,微生物相似性和均匀性程度均较高,系统优势菌种在各个炭层均匀分布,活性炭上的生物系统具有良好的稳定性。该研究采用分子生物学技术,为优化污水处理提供了新的途径。     

Construction of the primary physical map of rice chromosome 12

A primary physical map of rice chromosome 12 was constructed using marker-based chromosome landing and chromosome walking. A BAC library from IR64 was screened using 84 RFLP markers, 4 STS markers and 6 microsatellite markers on chromosome 12 by colony hybridization and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification. A total of 59 contigs consisting of 419 BAC clones including 5 single-clones were physically aligned on rice chromosome 12 with the largest BAC contig covering 855 kb. The whole physical map had a size of ∼16 Mb and covered about 52% of rice chromosome 12. This physical map will be certainly helpful for map-based gene cloning of agronomically and biological important genes and understanding the genome structure of the chromosome. Foundation item: Supported by Rockefeller Foundation Biography: FU Bin-Ying (1965-), male, Ph. D. candidate, Reseach direction: plant molecular genetics.     

Physical location of the ricePi-5(t), Glh andRTSV genes by ISH of BAC clones

Mapping of low or single-copy sequences on plant chromosomes has proven difficult because of very low frequency of signal detection. Rice BAC library is being used widely in rice genome research due to its distinctive advantages over other library systems. In this study, two biotin-labeled rice BAC clones closely linked to a rice blast resistance, green leafhopper resistance and tungro spherical virus resistance gene,Pi-5(t), Glh, RTSV, werein situ hybridized to rice chromosomes. They were located on the long arm and short arm of chromosome 4 with FL value of 40% and 100% respectively. The frequency of signal detection reached 46.8% and 59.2%. The signal location were consistent with the selective marker on rice saturated molecular map. The results demonstrated the advantages to locate BAC clones to chromosomes byin situ hybridization and will facilitate the rice low or single-copy gene location by using the BAC library. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Doctorate Vesting Point Foundation of the Education Department of the People's Republic of China Yan Huimin: born in 1964, Lecturer