水杨酸对菜豆不同器官抗氰呼吸诱导与交替氧化酶表达的比较研究

作者研究了水杨酸(SA)处理对菜豆幼苗不同器官抗氰交替途径容量(Valt)、实际运行活性(ρValt)与AOX表达量的影响。结果表明：SA未处理的菜豆幼苗不同器官中均存在抗氰呼吸，其中真叶的Valt和ρValt最高，其次是子叶，而下胚轴的最低；SA处理24h以后，均可使菜豆幼苗3种器官Valt与ρValt显著提高，但不改变三者抗氰呼吸活性的大小顺序。显然，SA对菜豆抗氰呼吸只起到诱导作用，并不改变它们不同器官间的呼吸特异性。Western杂交分析结果显示：菜豆不同器官Vah与ρValt的差异与AOX蛋白水平的变化相关，真叶中AOX的表达量最多，下胚轴的AOX表达量最少；SA处理时，诱导菜豆幼苗不同器官抗氰呼吸增高的程度与AOX合成表达量的增加一致，二者紧密相关。     

Alkaline Hydrolysis to Reduce the AOX Concentrations in Effluents from Chlorination Treatment of Wool

Organic halogens generated in the chlorlnatlon treatment of wool are proven to be acutely toxic to human beings. Legislation on environmental pollution has become more and more stringent in recent years. So the chlorlnation treatment is faced with disuse. Alkaline hydrolysis is adopted to reduce the AOX (Absorbable Organic Halogen) concentrations in the effluents from the chlorlnatlontreatment under 40℃ and pH values 9, 10, 11 and 12. After treatment the reduction of AOX appears approximately 65%.     

融合表面抗SA-28基因在Pichia Pastoris酵母系统中的表达

将乙肝病毒表面抗原S-preS1融合基因SA-28插入质粒载体pAO815的EcoR Ⅰ位点中,将其置于Pichia Pastoris酵母AOX1启动子控制下.利用电转化技术,融合基因表达单元连同HIS4基因被整合到受体菌SMD1168基因组中.对得到的工程菌进行发酵和表达产物的研究表明:SA-28基因在该系统中的表达受甲醇诱导调控;SA-28融合基因的表达产物具有S和PreS1的双重抗原性.用CsC1密度梯度离心法纯化了表达产物,融合抗原活性峰位于密度为1.19 mg/cm3的区带.     

用于地下回灌的城市污水臭氧处理

为回用城市污水 ,以缓解我国水资源日益短缺的紧张局面 ,研究了臭氧对典型城市二级生化出水 (北京高碑店污水处理厂 )中有机物的去除效果。对以 AOX表征的有机物 ,臭氧与之的直接反应和间接反应的去除率存在限值 ,直接反应的最大去除率可达 2 4% ,间接反应的最大去除率可达 3 8%。间接反应中 ,NO-2 、细菌、苯系物优先与臭氧反应 ,AOX、DOC反应慢 ,臭氧去除 AOX是氧化卤素原子的脱卤作用。二级生化出水经臭氧处理后 ,还可以有效去除细菌 ,并破坏大分子及苯环 ,从而提高了水的可生化降解性。臭氧消耗量为 2 4mg/ L 时 ,再经土壤含水层处理 ,出水 DOC值可达地下水水源标准     

Influence of the Process Conditions on the Formation df AOX Compounds during Wool Chlorine Pretreatment

Chlorination occurred simultaneously with oxidation when wool was treated by chlorine-containing reagents. The adsorbable organic halogens( AOX) compounds were produced by the chlorination of amino acid residues, especially tyrosine residue. The factors that might influence the reaction of dichloroisocyanuric acid (DCCA) with tyrosine residue were discussed. Higher temperature, appropriate pH value and lower concentration of chloride ion are favorable to decrease the percentage of chlorination. Determination of optimum process conditions would be helpful to control AOX compounds formation during wool chlorine pretreatment.     

Influence of the Process Conditions on the Formation of AOX Compounds during Wool Chlorine Pretreatment

Chlorination occurred simultaneously with oxidationwhen wool was treated by chlorine-containing reagents.The adsorbable organic halogens(AOX) compounds were produced by the chlorination of amino acid residues,especially tyrosine residue. The factors that might influence the reaction of dichloroisocyanuric acid (DCCA) with tyrosine residue were discussed. Higher temperature, appropriate pH value and lower concentration of chloride ion are favorable to decrease the percentage of chlorination. Determination of optimum process conditions would be helpful to control AOX compounds formation during wool chlorine pretreatment.     

一种可吸附有机卤化物的测定方法

利用总有机碳分析仪的固体样品燃烧炉完成活性炭的燃烧,用硼砂溶液吸收产生的卤化氢,离子色谱仪测定卤化氢含量,从而得出可吸附有机卤化物的含量。可吸附有机氟化物（AOF）、有机氯（AOCl）和有机溴（AOBr）化物检出限分别为12μg、22μg、32μg／L,在0．05～1．5mg／L内有良好的线性相关性（R2〉0．995）,该方法测定AOF、AOCl、AOBr与理论值相差较小,偏差〈15％,是一种可行实用的分析方法,同时操作简单,方便,可为实验室节省购置专用可吸附有机卤化物分析仪的资金。     

羊毛防毡缩工艺条件对处理废水中AOX浓度的影响——工艺条件的优化及废水中AOX浓度的测定

在正交实验的基础上优化羊毛防毡缩工艺以及降低废水中AOX的浓度，并利用不同处理工艺下羊毛的毡缩率及废水中的AOX浓度等指标进行了测试。结果表明，优化工艺条件下羊只物的毡缩率等指标没有显著的变化，但废水中的AOX浓度却显著地降低了。     

Mammalian aldehyde oxidases: genetics, evolution and biochemistry

Mammalian aldehyde oxidases are a small group of proteins belonging to the larger family of molybdo-flavoenzymes along with xanthine oxidoreductase and other bacterial enzymes. The two general types of reactions catalyzed by aldehyde oxidases are the hydroxylation of heterocycles and the oxidation of aldehydes into the corresponding carboxylic acids. Different animal species are characterized by a different complement of aldehyde oxidase genes. Humans contain a single active gene, while marsupials and rodents are characterized by four such genes clustering at a short distance on the same chromosome. At present, little is known about the physiological relevance of aldehyde oxidases in humans and other mammals, although these enzymes are known to play a role in the metabolism of drugs and compounds of toxicological importance in the liver. The present article provides an overview of the current knowledge of genetics, evolution, structure, enzymology, tissue distribution and regulation of mammalian aldehyde oxidases. Received 30 August 2007; received after revision 2 November 2007; accepted 8 November 2007     

羊毛氯化废水中有机卤化物的处理

羊毛氯化处理产生有机卤化物,对人类造成极大危害,氯化工艺面临淘汰.为保护氯化工艺,采用絮凝和碱解等方法处理氯化废水,降低废水中有机卤化物的含量.经过处理,废水中可吸附有机卤化物AOX(Adsorbable Organic Halo-gens)含量可达到1mg/L以下.