定逆序数的n元数码置换个数的一种方法

一个确定的n元数码的排列,其道序数是不难求得的;反之,“已知逆序数,求有多少个n元置换”的问题要复杂得多。从最小数码的位置着手,充分利用逆序数是定数,给出一种解决此问题的新方法——最小数码定位法。此法通俗易懂,由此得到了逆序数为k(k=1,2,3……c_n~2)的n元数码的置换个数的一个递推公式:q_k(n)=1+q_1(n-l)+q_2(n-1)+q_3(n-1)+…+q_k(n-1)。     

关于世行贷款基础教育项目实施效果的调查

世界银行贷款第四个贫困地区基础教育发展项目 ,自 1997年在我国西部贫困地区启动以来 ,取得了实实在在的成效。本文以云南省宣威市“贫四项目”实施效果为对象 ,进行了实事求是的调查与分析     

20世纪上半叶“扬黛抑钗”审美倾向浅探--钗黛形象接受史研究之三

“扬黛抑钗”的审美倾向贯穿于20世纪上半叶的四个历史阶段并各有特色，它鲜明地折射出每个时期的时代意识。     

互生共长的长青藤与参天大树——从文学作品改编看20世纪中国文学与现代传播之电影

20世纪中国文学十分幸运地发生、发展在一个现代传播飞速发展的时代.电影,是现代传播的一种形式.在过去的近百年的中国文学发展的历史中有许多的文学作品借助电影这一现代传播的形式得以广泛传播,经久不衰;电影也从20世纪中国文学的宝库中汲取了丰富的创作源泉.近百年来,它们互生互长,共同繁荣,结出了累累硕果.     

二十世纪上半叶中国农村婚姻制度探微

20世纪上半叶中国社会经历了剧烈的变迁。农村的婚姻制度并没有在择偶方式即“父母之命，媒妁之言”上发生根本的变化。“父母之命”依然代表着农村择偶方式的主流。而在一些交通便利、距离大城市较近的农村，尤其是沿海、沿江的农村地区出现了一些新变化。择偶方式要产生根本的变化将是一个长期的过程。     

Energy flow and community structure in freshwater ecosystems

The goal of this article is twofold: 1) It aims at providing an overview on some major results obtained from energy flow studies in individuals, populations, and communities, and 2) it will also focus on major mechanisms explaining community structures. The basis for any biological community to survive and establish a certain population density is on the one hand energy fixation by primary producers together with adequate nutrient supply and the transfer of energy between trophic levels (bottom-up effect). On the other hand, predator pressures may strongly control prey population densities one or more trophic levels below (top-down effect). Other interpopulation effects include competition, chemical interactions and evolutionary genetic processes, which further interact and result in the specific structuring of any community with respect to species composition and population sizes.     

Atomic-scale computer simulation for early precipitation process of Ni75AlxV25-x alloy with intermediate Al composition

The microscopic phase-field approach is applied to model the early precipitation process of Ni75AlxV25-x alloy. Without any prior assumptions, this model can be used to simulate the temporal evolution of arbitrary morphologies and microstructures on atomic scale. By simulating the atomic pictures, and calculating the order parameters and volume fraction of the θ (Ni3V) and γ'(Ni3Al) ordered phases, we study Ni75AlxV25-x alloys with Al composition of 0.05, 0. 053 and 0. 055 (atom fraction). Our calculated results show that,for these alloys, θ and γ' phases precipitate at the same time; with the increase of Al content, the amount of γ' phase increases and that of θ phase decreases; the precipitation characteristic of γ' phase transforms from Non-Classical Nucleation and Growth (NCNG) to Congruent Ordering Spinodal Decomposition (CO SD) gradually; otherwise, the precipitation characteristic of θ phase transforms from Congruent Ordering Spinodal Decomposition (CO SD) to Non-Classical Nucleation and Growth (NCNG) mechanism gradually. Both θ and γ' phases have undergone the transition process of mixture precipitation mechanism characterized by both NCNG and CO SD mechanisms. No incontinuous transition of precipitation mechanism has been found.     

两多模相干态的叠加态光场的等幂N次Y压缩

根据量子力学态叠加原理,构造了由多模复共轭相干态|{zj(a)}>q和多模复共轭相干态的相反态等幂次|{-zj(b)}>q的线性叠加所组成的振幅不等的非对称两态叠加多模叠加态光场|Ψn(2)>q(j=1,2,3,…,q),利用多模压缩态理论研究了态|Ψn(2)>q的等幂次N次方Y压缩特性。结果表明:在各模的平均光子数不相等而对应模的初始相位相等亦即Rj(a)≠Rj(b)且ψj(a)=ψj(b)=ψj的条件下,如果各模的初始相位ψj和态间的初始相位差θpq(R)-θnq(R)=△θ满足一定取值关系,则无论压缩次数N为奇数还是偶数,态|Ψn(2)>q的两个正交相位分量均可分别呈现周期性变化的等幂次N次方Y压缩效应,但N是奇数时的压缩深度大于N是偶数时的压缩深度。     

文学思潮视野下的现象——“五·四”时期问题小说初探

从文学思潮的概念出发,从分析文学思潮的实践形态入手,以“五·四”时期出现的“问题小说”这一具体现象为例,分析其理论主张、整体风格及相应作家的创作实践,从而由这些表面的“群”的现象寻找以现实主义创作方法为重要组成部分的“五·四”启蒙主义文学思潮的特性。     

25%阿米西达SC对苹果树安全性及防治苹果白粉病的药效试验

本试验在田间条件下,研究了25%阿米西达SC对不同苹果树品种的安全性及其防治苹果白粉病的药效和使用浓度.结果表明25%阿米西达SC对澳州青苹、北斗、黄元帅、新红星、红富士、秦冠6个苹果品种安全性较好,无任何不良影响,但对嘎啦品种的苹果树有严重的药害产生,导致果锈和叶片焦枯脱落.25%阿米西达SC对苹果白粉病有较显著的防效,防效可达85%～90%,使用浓度为0.125g/L～0.083g/L,间隔期7d喷1次,连喷3次.