甘蓝型油菜突变体Cr3529抑制性消减文库的构建

应用抑制性消减杂交（suppression subtractive hybridization，SSH）技术构建了甘蓝型幼叶黄化油菜突变体Cr3529和其野生型3529品系幼叶期的正、反向消减文库．经茵落PCR检测，正向消减文库的有效重组率为55．5％；反向消减文库的有效重组率为76．5％．为进一步克隆消减文库中的差异表达基因和研究这些基因的功能奠定了基础．     

食品菌落总数测量不确定度评定

测量不确定度是对测量结果可疑程度的一种定理表述.为减小实验误差,提高检测精确度,我们分析了饮料中菌落总数测量不确定的来源,评定了由重复性测量的分散性引起的测量不确定度.测量结果显示扩不确定度为0.04%.     

水中细菌总数测定方法的优化研究

依据2001年实施的《生活饮用水卫生规范》(以下简称《规范》)测定饮用水源水—水库水的细菌总数,在37℃培养24小时开始菌落计数,发现计数结果总是偏低。通过多次实验,认为从以下几方面加以改进,可以提高细菌检出率,减少不确定度来源和影响。一、稀释时增加检样量至5mL,计数比《规范》约高出20～30%《规范》规定,吸取1mL水样注入盛有9mL灭菌生理盐水的试管中,混匀,制成1:10稀释液。由于水样不够均匀和测试中随机效应影响,取样1.0mL偏少,容易受偶然误差影响,无法保证取样的代表性、真实性;其次,混匀需要吸管反复吹吸数次,1个稀释度至少2￣3…     

微生物实验室环境条件及监测

由于微生物检验几乎涵盖了所有食品企业的产品，因此，作为企业内部环境之一的微生物室，是产品的温床，也是微生物实验是否准确的基石。因此建立符合条件的微生物室并定时、定期的对其环境进行监测是实验可靠性的保证。本文从微生物实验室环境对实验的影响，实验室应具备哪些条件，环境监测如何进行几个方面进行论述。     

深圳市公共汽车车厢内空气中菌落总数污染状况调查及防治对策探讨

对深圳市运行途中的公共汽车空调车厢、非空调车厢内空气中菌落总数的调查表明:深圳市空调车厢内空气中菌落总数较非空调车厢高。空调车厢内空气中菌落总数一年四季均超出标准限值,菌落总数污染程度由高至低分别为春、冬、秋、夏,春冬季超标严重。非空调车车厢内空气中菌落总数秋夏季均值未超出标准限值,春冬季超标有一定程度超标,污染程度由高至低分别为冬、春、秋、夏。两种车型上下班高峰期菌落总数污染程度普遍比运行平缓期高。     

桶装水开封三天细菌含量远高于自来水是真的吗

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桂林会仙湿地水体细菌学研究

为了解会仙湿地水质现状,本文检测会仙湿地毛家村段分毛家村渡口、小水潭入水口、水泥桥下、鱼和水草较多处、大水潭、农田旁、水域较宽广处7个采样点的细菌菌落总数、大肠菌群数和粪大肠菌群数的季节变化动态。结果表明,会仙湿地水质的细菌总数在一年四个季度的平均值分别为:2 314、27 000、1 500、3 414cfu·mL-1,表现出夏季较其他三季细菌菌落总数明显增长趋势;采样多管发酵法测得四季大肠菌群数为:8 971、1 901、3 823、512MPN·L-1,粪大肠菌群数为:4 385、432、20、85MPN·L-1,表现出春季较其他三季大肠菌群数、粪大肠菌群数明显增长趋势。     

A new mechanism of invader success： Exotic plant inhibits natural vegetation restoration by changing soil microbe community

Since the 1950s of the last century, the exotic plant, Eupatorium adenophorum, has spread rapidly across southwest China, damaging native ecosystems and causing great economic losses. We examined the pH, N, P, K, and organic matter concentrations, and the bacterial community character (by Biolog EcoPlateTM) in soils from sites heavily and lightly invaded by this exotic species. Also, soil from the lightly invaded site was treated with a water extract of E.adenophorum roots to examine the effect of the plant on soil properties. We grew three plant species, one native and two exotic, in pot experiment using soil from heavily invaded site to examine the effects of the soil on these plants growth. The soil analysis demonstrated that the pH, organic matter, total N, total P and total K in soils from the heavily invaded site were only slightly different from those of the lightly invaded site, but concentrations of NH4^ , NO3^- and available P and K in the heavily invaded site were greater than those in the lightly invaded site. The catabolic activity of soil bacterial community in the heavily invaded site was different from that in the lightly invaded site. The catabolic activity of bacterial community in soils treated by the water extract of E.adenophorum roots changed and became similar to that in soils from the heavily invaded site. The pot experiment showed that the exotic plants growth in heavily invaded soil were not different from in lightly invaded soil; however, the native plant biomass decreased dramatically when grown in soil from the heavily invaded site as compared to soil from the lightly invaded site; and the same phenomenon was found when any potential allelopathic effects by E. adenophorum were eliminated by added activated carbon to those soils. Difference in soil nutrient availability and allelopathy could not explain this phenomenon of the native plant in the soils from the heavily and lightly invaded sites. Changes observed in the soil bacterial community were obviously related to native plant growth in those tow soils. Those results suggest that changing soil microbial community may be an important part of E. adenophorum invasion process. Since the soil microbial community serves as bridge in connection of exotic and natural plants, the exotic plant could inhibit the natural plant growth and reproduction by changing the soil microbial community in invaded site.     

不同卷烟接装纸中菌落总数的测定

采用平板计数法测定了10种市售卷烟接装纸的菌落总数,结果表明:(1)平板计数法适用于卷烟接装纸菌落总数的测定;(2)平板计数法检测接装纸菌落数重复性较好,同一稀释度(1:10)平行样检测结果的相对标准偏差(RSD)小于30%,同一样品平行样RSD小于20%;(3)不同接装纸样品差异性显著,同一厂家接装纸样品差异性不显著;(4)所测接装纸中的菌落总数均符合行业限量标准,可判定为合格.