陕西省鹿类动物的数量估计和资源保护与利用问题的探讨

通过７４个样方共５５．１７ｋｍ２，分别对陕西分布的４种鹿类动物中的３种的种群数量进行了调查，借助数理统计学方法，对其资源贮存量进行了估计．结果表明，林麝（Ｍｕｓｃｈｕｓｂｅｒｅｚｏｖｓｋｉ）１９８５年的密度是２．４９±０．３７只／ｋｍ２，秦巴山区的资源估计贮存量为８５２００±１０４００只；１９８３～１９８４年黄麂（Ｍｕｎｔｉａｃｕｓｒｅｖｅｓｉ）的密度为９．８０±０．７５只／ｋｍ２，安康地区１０县黄麂资源存量为６４７００±４９００只，年种群自然增长率为３５％，适宜猎取量为１３０００～１４０００只；陕北黄土高原狍（Ｃａｐｒｅｏｌｕｓｃａｐｒｅ－ｏｌｕｓ）１９７６年的密度为６．０２±０．８３只／ｋｍ２，资源贮存量为８１２００±１１２００只．１９８１年狍的密度为５．０９±０．６１只／ｋｍ２，资源存量为６８７００±８２００只，狍的年种群自然增长率为３８％，适宜猎取量为１２０００～１５０００只．文中对陕西省鹿类动物资源的保护、管理和利用进行了探讨．     

Molecular phylogenetic status of Siberian roe deer （Capreolus pygargus） based on mitochondrial cytochrome b from Jeju Island in Korea

In order to elucidate the genetic diversity and taxonomic status of Siberian roe deer （Capreolus pygar- gus） from the Korean peninsula, partial sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene were analyzed. We col- lected 57 roe deer samples from Mainland and Jeju Island between July 2004 and June 2009. A total of 50 sequences （1,070 bp） were obtained, and seven haplotypes were defined. Five haplotypes were found from Mainland, and two were discovered from Jeju Island. The genetic diver- sity was lower in the Jeju Island population than in the Mainland population. In addition, both the consensus neighbor-joining tree and maximum parsimony tree showed an identical topology between the Mainland and Jeju Island clades. Based on the results, two subspecies of the Korean roe deer were confirmed. Siberian roe deer in Jeju Island showed a distinct difference in the cytochrome b gene compared with other Siberian roe deer, being aunique native species inhabiting only Jeju Island in Korea. Because Siberian roe deer in Jeju Island can be classified at subspecies level, the new subspecies in Jeju was named Capreolus pygargus jejuensis in this study. For this new subspecies, reasonable conservation and management effort is needed in the future.     

几种常用饲料在长白山狍瘤胃中降解率的测定

利用3只装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的成年公狍,用尼龙袋法,测定了8种常用饲料在狍瘤胃的干物质有效降解率(DMD)、蛋白质有效降解率(CPD)、有机物有效降解率(OMD),为科学制定狍的饲养标准奠定了基础.玉米面、豆粕、紫花苜蓿、玉米青贮、菊芋叶、高梁、青柞叶、草木樨的DMD分别为百分之62.15,58.21,57.22,26.29,54.23,61.98,40.75,55.89;CPD分别为百分之67.28,68.24,66.15,34.23,65.23,40.09,37.13,54.47;OMD分别为百分之70.01,70.14,66.49,34.47,67.57,58.53,40.41,57.55.     

狍的乐园——内蒙古赛罕乌拉国家级自然保护区

狍（Capreolus copreolus）隶属于偶蹄目、反刍亚目、鹿科、狍属，义名矮狍、野狍等，是一种珍贵的野生鹿科动物。狍广布于欧亚大陆的中部和北部，在我国分布于东北区大兴安岭亚区、长白山地亚区、松辽平原亚区，华北区黄淮平原亚区、黄土高原亚区，蒙新区天山山地亚区，青藏区青海藏南亚区；边缘分布于西南区西南山地亚区，华中区东部丘陵平原亚区。