健胃胶囊的药效学研究

目的:探讨健胃胶囊对试验动物幽门结扎型溃疡、胃肠排空及镇痛的作用机理,为临床应用提供依据.方法:采用适当剂量灌胃给药的方法,随机分成4组(高剂量组、低剂量组、阳性对照组、阴性对照组),观察健胃胶囊对大鼠幽门结扎型溃疡面的抑制率、对小鼠胃体内甲基橙残留量的影响与给予刺激剂15min内各组小鼠发生扭体反应次数.结果:健胃胶囊有明显抑制大鼠胃部幽门结扎型溃疡面、增加小鼠胃体甲基橙残留量、减少小鼠对刺激剂发生扭体反应次数.结论:健胃胶囊具有防止幽门结扎所致胃溃疡的发生、调节胃肠蠕动功能以及明显镇痛作用.     

Glycine-rich proteins as structural components of plant cell walls

Glycine-rich proteins (GRPs) have been found in the cell walls of many higher plants and form a third group of structural protein components of the wall in addition to extensins and proline-rich proteins. The primary sequences of GRPs contain more than 60% glycine. GRPs are localized mainly in the vascular tissue of the plant, and their coding genes provide an excellent system to analyze the molecular basis of vascular-specific gene expression. In French bean, the major cell wall GRP has been localized at the ultrastructural level in the modified primary cell wall of protoxylem. Immunological studies showed that it forms a major part of these highly extensible and specialized cell walls. Specific digestion of GRP1.8 from bean by collagenase suggests that it shares structural similarities with collagen. The protein is synthesized by living protoxylem cells as well as xylem parenchyma cells. After cell death, GRPs are exported from neighboring xylem parenchyma cells to the protoxylem wall, a rare example of protein transport between cells in plants. We propose that GRPs are part of a repair system of the plant during the stretching phase of protoxylem.     

血管内皮在心血管生理和病理中的作用

血管内皮是一个重要的调节器官。正常血管内皮介于循环血液和组织之间，对其物理、化学及激素环境变化能产生相应的生物活性物质，用以调节血管平滑肌张力，保持血管壁光滑，介导血液自稳、细胞增殖及血管壁的炎症、免疫反应和血液的流动性。损伤或激活内皮，会削弱正常的内皮调节功能，引起相应的形态和功能的改变，即内皮功能紊乱，导致一系列临床症状。尽管还没有直接治疗内皮功能紊乱的药物，但现有的基于内皮功能紊乱的病机知识而采取的治疗手段仍取得了较好疗效。新的关于内皮功能紊乱发生的分子生物学基础的知识，革新的诊断手段，有助于治疗内皮功能紊乱。     

盐酸罗呱卡因明胶微球的药效学研究

采用乳化-交联法制备盐酸罗哌卡因明胶微球,高倍显微镜观察微球粒径大小及形态,紫外分光光度法检测微球中盐酸罗呱卡因的含量,外科植入手术法给药将其植入大鼠坐骨神经,观测其镇痛持续时间及其对运动的影响。表明药效学显示微球可较明显地延长盐酸罗哌卡因对大鼠运动阻滞的时间及提高痛阈值。表明盐酸罗哌卡因明胶微球是一种较新剂型,制备工艺简便,有一定的缓释性,能适当延长罗哌卡因作用时间。     

L-亮氨酸钙对小鼠股骨生长的影响

观察新氨基酸螯合钙制剂--L-亮氨酸钙对小鼠股骨生长的影响.将昆明(KM)系小鼠随机分成5组,分别喂养高、中、低剂量的L-亮氨酸钙和葡萄糖酸钙,通过测量相应饲料喂养小鼠的体质量、血清钙质量浓度、股骨长度、股骨质量和股骨中钙的质量分数等指标,观察亮氨酸钙对KM系小鼠股骨生长的影响.结果表明:L-亮氨酸钙对小鼠体质量差异无...     

Fabrication of a Bi-layer Tubular Scaffold Consisted of a Dense Nanofibrous Inner Layer and a Porous Nanoyarn Outer Layer for Vascular Tissue Engineering

Recent years, it has attracted more attentions to increase the porosity and pore size of nanofibrous scaffolds to provide the for the cells to grow into the small-diameter vascular grafts. In this study, a novel bi-layer tubular scaffold with an inner layer and an outer layer was fabricated. The inner layer was random collagen/poly （ L-lactide-co-caprolactone ） I P （ LLA- CL） ] nanofibrous mat fabricated by conventional electrospinning and the outer layer was aligned collagen/P （LLA-CL） nanoyarns prepared by a dynamic liquid dectrospinning method. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR） was used to characterize the chemical structure. Scanning electron microscopy （ SEM ） was employed to observe the morphology of the layers and the cross- sectioned bi-layer tubular scaffold. A liquid displacement method was employed to measure the porosities of the inner and outer layers. Stress-strain curves were obtained to evaluate the mechanical properties of the two different layers and the bi-layer membrane. The diameters of the nanofibers and the nanoyarns were （480 ± 197 ） nm and （ 19.66 ± 4.05 ） μm, respectively. The outer layer had a significantly higher porosity and a larger pore size than those of the inner layer. Furthermore, the bi-layer membrane showed a good mechanical property which was suitable as small-diameter vascular graft. The results indicated that the bi-layer tubular scaffold had a great potential application in small vascular tissue engineering.     

Aging and endothelin-1 induced vascular contractions

Summary Contractions produced by endothelin-1 (0.3–30 nM) have been investigated in aorta, renal arteries and mesenteric arteries from 2- and 24-month-old Sprague-Dawley rats. In senescent rats the EC₅₀ values of endothelin-1 for aorta and renal artery were significantly increased (aorta: from 6.2 to 12 nM; renal artery: from 5.2 to 7.8 nM). For mesenteric artery the EC₅₀ value (4.3 nM) was unchanged by aging, whereas the maximal contractile response to endothelin-1 was enhanced (from 8.3 to 11.7 mN). In contrast, there was no significant age-related difference in the maximal endothelin-1 response of aorta and renal artery. The present data demonstrate a reduced sensitivity for aorta and renal artery and an enhanced maximal response to endothelin-1 in the mesenteric artery in senescent rats.     

Effects of polysorbates and Cremophor EL on vascular responses in rat aorta

The effects of Tween 20, Tween 80, and Cremophor EL, surface active agents which are used for dispersion of water-insoluble substances, on vascular responsiveness were investigated using rat aortic rings. In high concentrations all these agents produced persistent contractions in aortic rings independent of the presence of endothelium. These contractions were not influenced by inhibitors of known endogenous contractile mediators. Incubation with these agents caused a concentration-dependent inhibition of the endothelium-dependent relaxant responses to acetylcholine in intact precontracted aortic rings. Endothelium-independent relaxations produced by sodium nitroprusside were not inhibited, but rather potentiated in the presence of Tween 80 (10^–1 ml/l). On the other hand, Tween 80 inhibited the contractile effects of 5-hydroxytryptamine, phenylephrine, and bradykinin significantly. The data suggests that these substances affect both endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle.     

水稻雄性不育细胞组织学的研究

水稻雄性不育系的花粉败育一般可分为无花粉型、单核败育型、双核败育型和三核败育型等四种。个别不育系花粉败育方式较特殊。野败不育系的花丝和药隔维管束退化最严重,花药开裂结构的异常主要表现在裂口、裂腔分化发育异常。