(2S,4S)-N-叔丁氧羰基-4-氟脯氨酸的合成

为了克服中间体难于分离纯化的缺点,解决季铵盐的去除问题,对多肽及拟肽类药物关键中间体(2S,4S)-N-叔丁氧羰基-4-氟脯氨酸的合成工艺进行了研究。以(2S,4R)-4-羟基脯氨酸为原料,经酯化、氨基保护、羟基活化-氟代-水解反应得到目标化合物。将羟基活化、SN2氟代和酯水解反应采用串联方式,在水解反应后调节pH值的过程中产物从水溶液中析出,经直接过滤得到目的物。对反应条件和参数进行了优化,优化条件如下:酯化反应中,n(氯化亚砜)∶n(底物)=1.2∶1.0;氨基保护反应中,n(二碳酸二叔丁酯)∶n(化合物1)=1.2∶1.0;三氟甲磺酰化反应中,n(三氟甲磺酸酐)∶n(化合物2)=1.1∶1.0,n(吡啶)∶n(化合物2)=1.2∶1.0。结果表明,优化后产物总收率为57.9%,纯度为98.3%,目标化合物结构通过~1H-NMR和~(13)C-NMR得以确证。该方法反应条件温和,操作简单,适合工业化生产。     

E.coli酪氨酸转氨酶的纯化与非天然氨基酸的底物特异性检测

构建重组菌株E.coliBL21(DE3)转pET23a-tyrB,IPTG诱导其大量表达,然后依次通过盐析、离子交换层析、疏水层析、凝胶过滤层析获得纯酶,运用薄层层析技术(TLC)检测,结果表明纯化的TyrAT转氨酶对自身底物酪氨酸在37℃和50℃具有较高活性.分别加入非天然氨基酸L-正缬氨酸、L-新戊基甘氨酸、L-叔亮氨酸、D-正亮氨酸作为底物,检测到TyrAT转氨酶对L-叔亮氨酸在50℃下有活性,对D-正亮氨酸在37℃和50℃均有催化活性,且50℃下效果更好.     

Directed evolution as a tool for understanding and optimizing nucleic acid polymerase function

Polynucleotide polymerases play a crucial role in transmitting genetic information from generation to generation, and they are the most important reagents in biotechnology. Although classical crystal structure analyses as well as biochemical studies have significantly contributed to our understanding of how DNA polymerases function, surprising new insights regarding the importance of certain residues and protein motifs, or of their mutability have been achieved in recent years by evolutionary approaches. Directed evolution has also facilitated the generation of polymerases with tailored substrate repertoires or with stabilities and activities beyond those of their naturally evolved counterparts. Recent new insights in polymerase structure-function relationships and new achievements in the development of tailored polymerases for current methods of nucleic acid synthesis will be summarized in this article. Received 22 April 2005; received after revision 20 July 2005; accepted 27 July 2005     

非天然氨基酸修饰蛋白质研究进展

蛋白质修饰是改善其物理化学和生物学特性的一种重要方法,目前已成为生物技术、生物催化和生物医学领域的研究热点.非天然氨基酸在蛋白质修饰中表现突出.介绍了非天然氨基酸种类及修饰方法,概述了其应用领域,以期为扩大利用此方法者提供参考.     

西安城市人造水面水质变化及保护对策研究

目的了解西安市城市人造水面的水质变化特征,为改善及保护城市人造水面水环境质量提供依据。方法通过收集浐河人造水面近年来水质监测数据,并采用单因子指数法进行水质现状评价,分析浐河人造水面水质变化特征及其原因。结果浐河人造水面的水质呈有机型污染,污染源有内源污染和外源污染两类。结论西安城市人造水面主要污染物为TN和TP,主要污染源为上游采样点附近的排污口点源。