The behavior of the homozygous and heterozygous sub-types of rats which are genetically-selected for diabetes insipidus: A comparison with Long Evans and Wistar stocks

Several aspects of spontaneous and conditioned behavior (food and water intake, locomotion and emotionality, passive and active avoidance acquisition and retention) of standard (albino and pigmented) rats, and rats heterozygous (HEDI) and homozygous (HODI) for diabetes insipidus, are reviewed. As would be expected, HODI rats have been repeatedly found to consume far more fluid than either HEDI or control rats. Pigmented rats appear to be more active than albinos. HODI rats exhibit less marked emotional responses than do control rats, among which the pigmented ones exhibit the highest emotionality. Light aversion is more evident in albino than in pigmented rats. No differences are found among HEDI, HODI and normal Long Evans rats. It is quite difficult to provide a clear-cut statement concerning inter-strain differences in passive avoidance behavior, possibly because of the variety of techniques employed. In any case, HODI rats do not perform worse than normal controls do. In one-way active avoidance paradigms, pigmented rats perform better than albinos, and the performance of HODI rats does not differ from that of controls. In two-way avoidance paradigms, albinos appear to outperform pigmented rats. Once again, there are no obvious differences between HODI and control animals.In addition to indicating that HODI rats may actually be less emotional than the other groups of rats reviewed here, the studies described once again fail to confirm the previously alleged functions of vasopressin in memory consolidation.     

两向斜放类与三向钢筋混凝土空腹网架的分析方法

本文是在文[1]、[2]、[3]基础上的推广与发展,即用柔度法对正交斜放与三向钢筋混凝土空腹网架进行内力分析。在工程实例申提出一种新的装配整体式钢筋混凝土空腹网架结构,并和五种屋盖的结构形式进行分析比较,证明此类结构将更节约建筑用材和降低工程造价。     

机器人避障功能的设计

本文介绍了通过硬件的连接以及利用汇编语言编写简单程序使机器人实现避障功能.     

Using genetically-defined rodent strains for the identification of hippocampal traits relevant for two-way avoidance behavior: a non-invasive approach

Summary Genetically-defined rodent strains permit the identification of hippocampal traits which are of functional relevance for the performance of two-way avoidance behavior. This is exemplified here by analyzing the relationship between infrapyramidal mossy fibers (a tiny projection terminating upon the basal dendrites of hippocampal pyramidal neurons) and two-way avoidance learning in about 800 animals. The necessary steps include 1) identification of structural traits sensitive to selective breeding for extremes in two-way avoidance, 2) testing the robustness of the associations found by studying individual and genetical correlations between hippocampal traits and behavior, 3) establishing causal relationships by Mendelian crossing of strains with extreme structural traits and studying the behavioral consequences of such structural randomization, 4) confirming causal relationships by manipulating the structural variable in inbred (isogenic) strains, thereby eliminating the possibility of genetic linkage, and 5) ruling out the possibility of spurious associations by studying the correlations between the hippocampal trait and other behaviors known to depend on hippocampal functioning.In comparison with the classical lesion approach for identifying relationships between brain and behavior, the present procedure appears to be superior in two aspects: it is non-invasive, and it focuses automatically on those brain traits which are used by natural selection to shape behaviorally-defined animal populations, i.e., it reveals the natural regulators of behavior.     

基于威胁规避的战斗机网络瞄准攻击引导轨迹优化

针对网络瞄准攻击对战斗机精确引导的需求,研究威胁规避下的战斗机攻击引导轨迹优化问题。以战斗机过载为控制量建立引导状态模型;以目标威胁建立引导路径约束模型;以导弹发射瞄准条件为终端约束;以引导的快速性和控制经济性为性能指标,将轨迹优化建模为具有非线性边界约束、状态约束和路径约束的最优控制问题,并采用高斯伪谱法将其转化为非线性规划问题进行求解,为了保证算法的实时性,采用滚动时域策略进行在线滚动优化。仿真结果表明:所提出的方法能在有效规避目标威胁下达成导弹攻击的瞄准条件,基于RHC策略的优化单次计算时间小于1s,算法实时性能满足战斗机的引导需求。     

两向不等肢配箍矩形截面柱双向受剪试验分析

柱的受剪性能是结构整体受力性能中极为重要的部分，而在两个方向剪力作用下的矩形柱的受剪性能更为复杂．两个主轴方向上不等肢配箍柱的双向受剪性能至今仍缺乏相关的研究和分析．文中对双向不等肢配箍矩形截面柱的受剪性能进行了试验分析，在此基础上分析并提出了两个主轴方向不等肢配箍柱双向受剪承载力的相关方程和承载力计算公式．     

双向微积-连续分部积分研究

应用微积恒等变形规律，提出双向微积一连续分部积分公式，可以快速的解决一类高次多项式与指数函数、三角函数乘积的积分问题．     

一种基于速度势场的局部在线避碰方法

本文以势场方法的思想为出发点，提出一种基于速度势场的自主移动机器人的局部避碰方法。该方法可以更好地利用相对速度的信息，在存在移动障碍物和环境中得到较好的局部在线避碰效果。     

微小型LTA飞行机器人主动避障控制研究

采用基于行为的研究方法，设计了一种基于电机神经元网络的微小型LTA飞行机器人主动避障控制方法。该方法通过电机神经元网络选取飞行机器人的飞行动作，采用增强式学习方法对飞行结果作出评判，利用评判结果在线修改网络权值，从而实现微小型LTA飞行机器人在未知、动态环境中的主动避障。飞行机器人的仿真运行分析，验证了该方法的有效性。     

自动量程转换电路设计

介绍了双积分式 A/D转换器 CC1 44 3 3在宽范围电压测量中自动量程转换电路的设计及工作原理 .通过多路模拟开关与运放的组合设置了多个电压量程 ,应用 CC1 44 3 3的超欠量程信息控制双向移位寄存器的移位操作 ,获得了合适的量程标志 .通过量程标志对多路模拟开关及显示器小数点位置的控制 ,实现了量程的自动切换及表示 .应用辅助门电路及数据选择器解决了量程标志中边界问题及无效量程标志问题 .设计的电路具有测量电压范围宽、工作稳定可靠、显示直观等优点 .