Photosensitized splitting of cis-syn 1,3-dimethyluracil dimer by tryptophan and its peptides

Photosensitized splitting of cis-syn 1,3-dimethyluracil dimer by tryptophan (Trp) and its peptides (Trp-Tyr and Trp-Phe) is studied by fluorescence quenching experiments and irradiation experiments.It reveals that 1,3-dimethyluracil dimer is mainly split by e?-?aq resulting from two-photon ionization of Trp and its peptides under irradiation with light (λ>290 nm).Moreover,the excited singlet state of Trp and its peptides can transfer an electron to the dimer,which splits and gives two pyrimidines.In addition,because of its lower oxidative potential,the excited triplet state of Trp-Tyr can also split the dimer via transfering an electron to the dimer.     

Research advances in gene therapy for Parkinson's disease

During the long period of time when people have been seeking for an effective therapeutic method for PD, the gene therapy has shown greater and greater advantages over other methods. It can be performed mainly in two ways: ex vivo and in vivo. With the former, TH gene as well as some neurotrophic factor genes (such as GDNF, BNDF genes) can be invited to some cell lines or primary cells thus forming engineered cells and then implanting them into brain. While with the latter, viral vectors including HSV-1, Ad, AAV that can be utilized to construct recombinant viruses, or non-virus vectors can be used to delived DNA into brain directly. The present review summarizes the recent research advances in the gene therapy for PD, and it is reasonable for us to predict a notable progress in prevention and treatment for PD in the next decade.     

色氨酸在 Toyopearl HW-40S 凝胶填料上非理想排阻行为的研究

发现１８种氨基酸特别是色氨酸．在ＴｏｙｏｐｅａｒｌＨＷ－４０Ｓ树脂所填色谱柱上表现出非理想排阻行为的基础上，以色氨酸在该柱上的保留时间为指标，探讨不同流动相改良剂对该凝胶与色氨酸之间的相互作用，阐明这种反常行为是疏水作用，离子交换以及氢键三者综合作用的结果，而疏水作用是最主要的影响因素．实验结果表明，流动相组成对该凝胶色谱行为具有明显的影响，从而有助于确立该凝胶理想的排阻色谱条件，为利用该凝胶所具有的吸附性能分离分析肽类和氨基酸等小分子物质奠定了基础     

HRP和AP呈现束缚-浸水应激大鼠NTS儿茶酚胺能神经元Fos表达的效果比较

用辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)单酶先后标记Fos和酪氨酸羟化酶(TH),用二氨基联苯胺(DAB)增强剂和DAB分别呈色;以及同时用碱性磷酸酶(AP)和HRP双酶分别标记TH和Fos,再分别用5-溴-4-氯-3-吲哚磷酸盐(BCIP)和氯化硝基四氮唑蓝(NBT)对TH和DAB对Fos呈色,比较免疫双标时两种不同酶标记显色方法...     

高效液相色谱法同时测定树鼩脑组织中的去甲肾上腺素,多巴胺,5-羟色胺及色氨酸

应用高效液相色谱(HPLC)--荧光检测,在一根带有预柱的LKB Superpac ODSC_(18)钢柱上,使用离子对系统做为洗脱液,对一组正常活动规律的树鼩脑组织液中的去甲肾上腺素(NE)、多巴胺(DA)、5-羟色胺(5-HT)及色氨酸(TRP)进行测定。荧光检测的波长为激发波长280nm,发射波长360nm得到各物质最小检测限量为:40ng NE和80ngDA(信噪比3:1)以及10ng5-HT和15ng TRP(信噪比4:1)。此方法具有实验操作简单、方便、快速、灵敏度较高、样品易于处理等特点。     

Effects of the adenylate cyclase activator forskolin and its inactive derivative 1,9-dideoxyforskolin on insect cytochrome P-450 dependent steroid hydroxylase activity

The adenylate cyclase activator forskolin and its pharmacologically inactive derivative 1,9-dideoxyforskolin were found to inhibit in a dose-dependent fashion the ecdysone 20-monooxygenase activity associated with wandering stage larvae ofDrosophila melanogaster and fat body and midgut from last instar larvae of the tobacco hornworm,Manduca sexta. The concentrations of these labdane diterpenes required to elicit a 50% inhibition of the cytochrome P-450 dependent steroid hydroxylase activity in the insect tissues ranged from approximately 5×10^–6 to 5×10^–4 M.     

Thyroid hormone controls carnitine status through modifications of γ-butyrobetaine hydroxylase activity and gene expression

The carnitine system plays a key role in β-oxidation of long-chain fatty acids by permitting their transport into the mitochondrial matrix. The effects of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism were studied on γ-butyrobetaine hydroxylase (BBH), the enzyme responsible for carnitine biosynthesis in the rat. In rat liver, BBH activity was decreased in the hypothyroid state and increased in hyperthyroid animals. The modifications in BBH activity correlated with changes in the enzyme Vmax values. These changes were shown to be related to hepatic BBH mRNA abundance. Thyroid hormones are known to interact with lipid metabolism, in particular by increasing long-chain fatty acid oxidation through activation of carnitine-dependent fatty acid import into mitochondria. Our study showed that thyroid hormones also increased carnitine bioavailability. Received 23 October 2001; received after revision 11 January 2002; accepted 15 January 2002     

活性炭吸附典型含氮消毒副产物前体物的性能比较

新兴含氮消毒副产物较常规消毒副产物的浓度更低但毒性更强,去除难度更大。 提出采用活性 炭对形成含氮消毒副产物的前体物(以色氨酸为例)进行去除,比较常规和新型活性炭对前体物的去除性 能,并阐释原因。 研究发现:粉末状活性炭(PAC)和活性炭纤维(ACF)对色氨酸的最大等温吸附量分别为 37. 31 mg·g-1 和 178. 57 mg·g-1;对色氨酸的吸附速率分别是 5. 95×10-2 sec-1 和 1. 7×10-3 sec -1;两种类型的活性炭的吸附动力学均属于伪二阶动力学,且都符合 Langmuir 吸附等温方程(r2≥0. 99);ACF 比 PAC 具有更大的比表面积,更大的总孔体积、更小的平均孔径和更多的表面官能团。 在 15 ℃ ~ 45 ℃ 范围内,两者对色氨酸均是熵推动的自发吸附,吸附推动力先增加后减小,但 PAC 和 ACF 对色氨酸的吸附分别为物理吸附和化学吸附;研究结果表明:由于含氮消毒副产物前体物的分子量普遍较小,因此 ACF 更适用于其前体物的去除;由于 ACF 孔径较小,吸附速率较慢,因此需要保证充足的吸附接触时间。     

Hypothalamic tyrosine hydroxylase activity,plasma gonadotropin and prolactin levels after aminooxyacetic acid in ovariectomized rats

Summary Plasma concentrations of gonadotropin, prolactin and hypothalamic tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) activity were measured in ovariectomized rats treated with aminooxyacetic acid (AOAA), a drug which elevates brain GABA levels. Hypothalamic TH activity was significantly increased with a significant decrease in prolactin (Prl) release. Plasma levels of gonadotropins were not modified by AOAA. These results support an inhibitory action of GABA on Prl release possibly mediated through hypothalamic dopamine.Supported by grants from Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), New Delhi. RIA kits for the estimation of LH, FSH and Prl were kindly supplied by Dr A.F. Parlow, NIAMDD-NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. GNB is a UGC research fellow.     

小麦-混合蛋白日粮中色氨酸含量对仔猪生长性能的影响

在小麦—混合蛋白日粮中使用0.16%,0.18%,0.20%,0.22%的色氨酸水平饲喂仔猪45 d,结果显示,在0.18%和0.20%色氨酸水平下仔猪平均日增重和料重比极显著提高(P<0.01),当色氨酸水平达到0.22%后,生产性能有所降低;其中0.20%色氨酸含量的饲喂效果最好,仔猪日增重达547.78g±47.99g,比对照组高16.10%,料重比3.21±0.79,比对照组低25.98%,血清尿素氮随色氨酸含量减少。