Cellular responses to mild heat stress

Since its discovery in 1962 by Ritossa, the heat shock response has been extensively studied by a number of investigators to understand the molecular mechanism underlying the cellular response to heat stress. The most well characterized heat shock response is induction of the heat shock proteins that function as molecular chaperones and exert cell cycle regulatory and anti-apoptotic activities. While most investigators have focused their studies on the toxic effects of heat stress in organisms such as severe heat stress-induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, the cellular response to fever-ranged mild heat stress has been rather underestimated. However, the cellular response to mild heat stress is likely to be more important in a physiological sense than that to severe heat stress because the body temperature of homeothermic animals increases by only 1–2°C during febrile diseases. Here we provide information that mild heat stress does have some beneficial role in organisms via positively regulating cell proliferation and differentiation, and immune response in mammalian cells.Received 14 May 2004; received after revision 2 August 2004; accepted 16 August 2004     

过表达番茄叶绿体小分子热激蛋白提高植株的耐热性

小分子热激蛋白是植物受到热胁迫后的主要表达产物之一,与植物细胞耐热有密切关系．我们将由CaMV35S启动子驱动的叶绿体小分子热激蛋白cDNA导入番茄,Northern及Western印迹分析表明,叶绿体小分子热激蛋白在转基因番茄中呈现组成型表达,通过测定转基因番茄和未转基因番茄的耐热性,发现转基因株系基础耐热性强于对照,说明叶绿体小分子热激蛋白的过量表达提高了植株的基础耐热性．     

拟南芥AtHHR3响应热胁迫应答的初步分析

拟南芥基因AtHHR3编码一个RING结构域的E3连接酶,通过生物信息学分析发现其可能参与植物热胁迫相关的应答.为了探索其具体的功能,构建了AtHHR3互补株系,并在DNA水平和转录水平分别鉴定了AtHHR3互补株系,用RT-PCR技术分析了AtHHR3在热处理条件下基因表达的变化情况.在热胁迫下分析了野生型、突变体athhr3、回复株系幼苗存活以及种子萌发的表型变化情况,发现突变体athhr3表现出对热胁迫的耐受性,并检测了热胁迫下不同株系的HSF、HSP等热相关基因的转录水平的变化,初步的研究表明拟南芥基因AtHHR3负调控植物对热胁迫的耐受性.     

酵母菌耐热性的最适热激条件研究

以安琪抗高温酵母菌YY为研究材料,采用30-48℃的不同温度和10～180min不同的时间对酵母菌进行热激诱导产生耐热性的研究,研究表明最适热激温度为42℃,最适热激时间为30min,产生耐热性后,在50℃处理的时间越长,活力越小,在酵母菌的不同生长时期,菌体达到一定的浓度后,耐热性的产生没有显著影响,从28℃升到热激温度42℃所需时间在30-240min内,时间越长产生的耐热性越强。     

Heat shock enhances thermotolerance of infective juvenile insect-parasitic nematodesHeterorhabditis bacteriophora (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae)

Insect-parasitic nematodes possess many of the attributes of ideal biological control agents, but intolerance to extreme temperatures can restrict their use. We examined whether heat-shock treatments could improve nematode survival and infectivity at temperatures that normally inhibit their activity (35 and 40°C). Nematodes exposed to a sub-lethal temperature (35°C) for 3 h with a latency period of 1–2 h at 25°C killed insects at 35 and 40°C. Correlative evidence was obtained between increased thermotolerance and the synthesis of 70-kDa heat-shock proteins (hsps). These results provide the first evidence of hsp synthesis in the development of thermotolerance and biological activity in the non-feeding, developmentally arrested, infective juvenile nematodes.     

两种生态型芦苇胚性愈伤组织耐热性的比较

研究两种生态型芦苇沙丘芦苇和沼泽芦苇的胚性愈伤组织对高温胁迫的生理响应。结果表明,高温胁迫下,两种芦苇均表现出脱水、生长受抑、细胞活力降低、膜透性增加、MDA积累。与沼泽芦苇相比,沙丘芦苇在高温胁迫下能够保持较高的细胞活力,但生长受抑、脱水、离子渗漏和膜脂过氧化的程度显著低于沼泽芦苇。沙丘芦苇比沼泽芦苇更为耐热。