褐家鼠染色体减数分裂联会复合体的研究

以界面铺张－硝酸银和磷钨酸（ＰＴＡ）染色技术，对褐家鼠（Ｒａｔｔｕｓｎｏｒｖｅｇｉｃｕｓ）减数分裂前期精母细胞联会复合体（ＳＣ）进行了显微和亚显微结构的观察．银染和ＰＴＡ染色都清楚地显示出褐家鼠ＳＣ的结构和减数分裂的行为，但ＰＴＡ染色的ＳＣ标本，着丝位区域较为明显．ＳＣｓ核型与有丝分裂染色体核型有较好的一致性．     

Telomere dynamics unique to meiotic prophase: formation and significance of the bouquet

Telomeres carry out conserved and possibly ancient functions in meiosis. During the specialized prophase of meiosis I, meiotic prophase, telomeres cluster on the nuclear envelope and move the diploid genetic material around within the nucleus so that homologous chromosomes can align two by two and efficiently recombine with precision. This recombination is in turn required for proper segregation of the homologs into viable haploid daughter cells. The meiosis-specific telomere clustering on the nuclear envelope defines the bouquet stage, so named for its resemblance to the stems from a bouquet of cut flowers. Here, a comparative analysis of the literature on meiotic telomeres from a variety of different species illustrates that the bouquet is nearly universal among life cycles with sexual reproduction. The bouquet has been well documented for over 100 years, but our understanding of how it forms and how it functions has only recently begun to increase. Early and recent observations document the timing and provide clues about the functional significance of these striking telomere movements.     

The inhibiting effect of 1·4 recombinant P chromosome of wheat-<Emphasis Type="Italic">Agropyron cristatum</Emphasis> addition line on the <Emphasis Type="Italic">Ph</Emphasis> gene

P chromosomes may carry a genetic system that inhibits the Ph gene in wheat. Abnormal chromosome synapsis in wheat-Agropyron cristatum addition line II-21-2 (additional 1·4 recombinant P chromosome) was observed in this study. The results of cytogenetics and Ph1 gene amplification showed that the Ph1 gene was normal and the average number of quadrivalents or hexavalents was determined to be 0.41 and 0.13, respectively, in pollen-mother cells of wheat-Agropyron cristatum addition line II-21-2. The analysis o...