Changes in glycosaminoglycan sulfation and protein kinase C subcellular distribution during differentiation of the human colon tumor cell line Caco-2

Summary During the spontaneous differentiation (day 5 to day 15 of the culture) of Caco-2 cells, the sulfation of cell layer glycosaminoglycans increased, whereas protein kinase C activity was concomitantly redistributed from the membrane to the cytosol. The protein kinase C activators, 4-phorbol 12-myristate, 13-acetate and 1,2-dioctanoyl-glycerol inhibited glycosaminoglycan sulfation. By contrast, 4-phorbol 12, 13 didecanoate was ineffective.These results suggest that membrane-bound PKC may exert a modulatory effect on glycosaminoglycan sulfation, and this effect is gradually attenuated as Caco-2 cell differentiation progresses.     

低分子壳聚糖的磺化及其抗凝血活性初步研究

研究低分子壳聚糖的磺化改性及抗凝血活性.低分子壳聚糖在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺反应溶剂中与氯磺酸反应,合成低分子磺化壳聚糖.分别考察磺化反应温度、氯磺酸用量和反应时间对低分子磺化壳聚糖含硫量的影响,通过正交优化,获得最佳反应条件:反应温度70℃、氯磺酸用量3mL和反应时间4h,其最大含硫量达到8.94%.低分子磺化壳聚糖体外抗凝血活性通过活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)测定,结果显示其可延长APTT时间,表明是由内源性途径来影响凝血过程的;且含硫量在4.61%~8.94%范围内,低分子磺化壳聚糖抗凝血活性随含硫量的增大而增强.     

硫酸化茯苓多糖对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞功能的影响

研究硫酸化茯苓多糖(SP)对脂多糖(LPS)诱导的体内外小鼠巨噬细胞氧化损伤的影响.体外实验中,制备小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞,加入不同质量浓度(0~100mg/mL)的SP和1mg/mL的LPS诱导剂,24h后检测细胞活力、一氧化氮(NO)、超氧阴离子自由基(O-2)及肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)含量.体内实验中,42只ICR小鼠随机分为空白组、模型组和预防组,采用腹腔注射法连续给药7天后收集腹腔巨噬细胞,检测多种生化指标.实验结果表明:LPS可降低巨噬细胞的活性,增加O-2的释放和NO、TNF-α的分泌;SP能够显著降低NO的水平,提高巨噬细胞抗O-2的活力,对于TNF-α的含量没有显著影响.SP可有效地改善LPS对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞的氧化损伤作用.     

石灰石脱硫的加压热重分析试验

对徐州３种石灰石和南京一种白云进行脱硫加压热重试验，分析了石灰石脱硫反应的机理，当ＣＯ２分压低于ＣａＣＯ２平衡分解压力时，ＣａＣＯ２将发生分解，此时的硫化瓜发生在ＣａＯ和ＳＯ２之间；当Ｃ粉压高于ＣａＣｏ２平衡分解压力时，ＣａＣＯ３将不发生分解，直接与ＳＯ２发生硫化反应，得到了压力、石灰石品种、温度和ＳＯ２浓度等对钙利用率的影响规律，同时计算了石灰石脱硫的反应动力学参数。     

茯苓菌丝体胞外多糖硫酸酯化工艺的研究

在单因素试验的基础上,采用响应面法试验,优化了胞外多糖硫酸酯化的工艺条件．结果表明,优化的硫酸酯化条件为氯磺酸与吡啶摩尔比1：3．85,反应温度73℃,反应时间3．34h．在此条件下,硫酸基团取代度为1．02．     

硫酸化的SBA-15负载Cr2O3催化剂上丙烷CO2氧化脱氢

合成了一系列表面经硫酸铵处理的SBA-15负载Cr2O3催化剂,研究了这些催化剂对于丙烷CO2氧化脱氢反应的活性．结果发现,载体表面硫酸化后催化剂的活性大大增加．表征结果表明催化剂活性的提高与硫酸化后催化剂表面含有较多量的Cr^6 有关,而与表面酸性的增强无关．但载体表面硫酸化后由于积碳严重,催化剂的失活也随之加快．     

一种新型皮革加脂剂的制备

报导了通过对菜籽油进行酯交换、硫酸化等工序加工制得一种皮革加脂剂的方法，着重研究了酯交换反应条件、改性深度对产品性能的影响．结果表明：脂交换时间、温度、改性深度都对油脂的性能影响很大，当脂交换的温度为８５℃，时间为２．５ｈ，改性深度为３０％时，效果良好     

香菇多糖Le-2的化学修饰对SP-2小鼠肿瘤细胞抑制率的影响

研究了香菇多糖化学修饰的结构变化及对SP-2小鼠肿瘤细胞体外抑制率的影响。分别对香菇多糖Le-2进行硫酸酯化和羧甲基化修饰,利用红外光谱和DSC测定Le-2硫酸酯化和羧甲基化前后的结构变化;通过检测吸光度值(A值)计算抑瘤率。结果表明Le-2硫酸酯化和羧甲基化的取代度分别为0.87和0.47,回收率分别为88.6%和83.6%;硫酸酯化香菇多糖对SP-2小鼠肿瘤细胞的抑制率最高为51.88%,其次为羧甲基化香菇多糖抑制率为48.28%。硫酸酯化和羧甲基化能明显提高Le-2抑制SP-2小鼠肿瘤细胞的活性。     

The effect of moderate hemodilution with Fluosol-DA or normal saline on acetaminophen disposition in the rat

Summary Hemodilution with 40 ml/kg of Fluosol or saline reduced the acetaminophen V_d and the acetaminophen sulfate Cl_M at 48 or 72 h, respectively. Fluosol hemodilution increased the acetaminophen renal excretion at 24 and 72 h. But at 48 h, Fluosol hemodilution either inhibited the renal secretion of acetaminophen or enhanced its reabsorption.     

Regulation of glycosaminoglycan structure and atherogenesis

Cardiovascular disease is the major cause of premature death in modern society, and its impact is increasing due to rising rates of obesity and type 2diabetes. Clinical studies based on targeting metabolic abnormalities and biomarkers demonstrate significant benefits, but always an element of disease remains which is resistant to treatment. Recent evidence has strongly implicated an early interaction of atherogenic lipoproteins with vascular matrix proteoglycans as the initiating step in atherogenesis. Expert commentary has pointed to the need for vascular directed therapies to provide reductions in the residual disease component. We propose that the regulation of synthesis and thus structure of glycosaminoglycans on proteoglycans provides a potential pathway to this reduction. We review existing evidence that the vascular synthesis of glycosaminoglycan chains can be regulated in a manner which reduces lipoprotein binding and the potential application of this strategy to attenuation of the current cardiovascular disease pandemic.Received 21 October 2003; received after revision 16 December 2003; accepted 29 December 2003