纳洛酮对大鼠脑外伤后神经细胞凋亡的影响

目的：采用Feeney法自由落体撞击脑损伤动物模型，观察纳洛酮对脑外伤后神经细胞凋亡和脑水肿的影响。方法：90只大鼠分为实验组及对照组，在损伤后15、60min及24h分别予纳洛酮或生理盐水，损伤后第5d断头处死大鼠，TUNEL法测定神经细胞原位凋亡情况，测定损伤侧大脑半球含水理以及光镜下观察细胞形态学改变。结果：与对照组比较，大鼠脑外伤后15及60min静注纳洛酮可保护神经细胞，减少凋亡率，减轻脑水肿；而外伤后24h给药，神经细胞凋亡率以及脑水肿无显著性差异。结论；研究结果提示纳洛酮作为阿片受体的拮抗剂有保护大鼠脑外伤后神经细胞的作用，但应在外伤后尽早用药。     

Comparison of the effects of different isomers of bicuculline infused in the preoptic area on male rat sexual behavior

Summary Intracerebral infusion of (+) bicuculline methiodide, but not of its (–) isomer, in the preoptic area, stimulated masculine sexual behavior in rat as evidenced by a decrease in the number of intromissions preceding ejaculation and a shortening of the ejaculation latency and postejaculatory interval. Data suggest a role of the GABAergic system in mediating masculine sexual behavior.Acknowledgments. Authors wish to thank Ms Elisabeth Wallin for excellent technical assistance and Ms Madelene Kröning for preparing the figures.     

Aspirin-like drugs may block pain independently of prostaglandin synthesis inhibition

Summary Using flurbiprofen, a chiral anti-inflammatory and analgesic 2-arylpropionic acid derivative, the enantiomers of which are not converted to each other (less than 5%) in rats or man, we obtained evidence that prostaglandin synthesis inhibition is primarily mediating the anti-inflammatory activity but prostaglandin synthesis independent mechanisms contribute to the analgesic effects. Thus, the S-form inhibited prostaglandin synthesis, inflammation and nociception in rats. The R-form had much less effect on prostaglandin synthesis and did not affect inflammation. It did, however, block nociception in rats almost as potently as the S-form. S-flurbiprofen, in contrast to the R-form, was clearly ulcerogenic in the gastrointestinal mucosa. These results indicate additional molecular mechanisms of analgesia and suggest the use of R-arylpropionic acids as analgesics.     

浅谈中小医院如何留住人才

分析了中小医院人才流失的影响因素,探讨了人才流动的心理特点,在此基础上提出了避免人才流失的一些策略。     

浅谈提高企业员工素质

该文从提高员工的素质是面对新世纪的客观要求、提高员工素质与煤矿企业的、工作机制、社会环境及经济效益的关系、提高员工的素质,要加强对职工的培训、加强对人才工作的管理,防止人才流失四个方面阐述了如何提高企业员工素质,具有一定借鉴意义。     

浅议医院人才流失与劳动合同管理

分析了人才流失给医院造成的损失,指出加强劳动合同管理、实行劳动合同制约对控制和减少医院人才流失具有一定的作用。     

Using genetically-defined rodent strains for the identification of hippocampal traits relevant for two-way avoidance behavior: a non-invasive approach

Summary Genetically-defined rodent strains permit the identification of hippocampal traits which are of functional relevance for the performance of two-way avoidance behavior. This is exemplified here by analyzing the relationship between infrapyramidal mossy fibers (a tiny projection terminating upon the basal dendrites of hippocampal pyramidal neurons) and two-way avoidance learning in about 800 animals. The necessary steps include 1) identification of structural traits sensitive to selective breeding for extremes in two-way avoidance, 2) testing the robustness of the associations found by studying individual and genetical correlations between hippocampal traits and behavior, 3) establishing causal relationships by Mendelian crossing of strains with extreme structural traits and studying the behavioral consequences of such structural randomization, 4) confirming causal relationships by manipulating the structural variable in inbred (isogenic) strains, thereby eliminating the possibility of genetic linkage, and 5) ruling out the possibility of spurious associations by studying the correlations between the hippocampal trait and other behaviors known to depend on hippocampal functioning.In comparison with the classical lesion approach for identifying relationships between brain and behavior, the present procedure appears to be superior in two aspects: it is non-invasive, and it focuses automatically on those brain traits which are used by natural selection to shape behaviorally-defined animal populations, i.e., it reveals the natural regulators of behavior.     

Inhibition by tetanus and botulinum A toxin of the release of [3H]noradrenaline and [3H]GABA from rat brain homogenate

Summary Rat brain homogenate was preloaded with [³H]noradrenaline or [³H]GABA and stimulated with high K⁺. Tetanus toxin and botulinum A neurotoxin partially prevent the evoked [³H]noradrenaline release in the same range of toxin concentrations starting below 10^–10M. In contrast, release of -amino butyric acid (GABA) is much more sensitive to tetanus than to botulinum A toxin.