A new approach to analysis of human sweating

In human skin transplanted to the back of 3 strains of immuno-deficient mice the functin of the eccrine sweat glands of the human transplant was tested by topical intradermal application of pilocarine, adrenaline and atropine+pilocarpine. Sweat responses were observed in pre-selected fields of observation by means of video macroscope. The iodine strarch reaction served as an indicator for the appearance of seat sport and permitted the evaluation of areas wetted by sweat in the field of observation. Among 9 animals tested, the hybrids between the CB-17-scid mouse and the BALB/cA-nu mouse (BALB/cA-nu,scid) seemed to exhibit the most consistent seweating response to local pharmacological stimulation. According to histological examination, eccrine sweat glands were preserved in human skin trasplanted into the back skin of the BALB/cA-nu,scid mouse strain. the heterologous, human skin graft provides a novel model permitting, independent of the normal sweat gland innervation, the analysis of moecular receptors of sweat gland cells by which the actions of natural transmitters and pharmacological agents are transduced.     

Effects of receptor agonists on polyamine concentrations and spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase activity in rat parotid gland

The polyamine putrescine might be formed via a degradation (catalyzed by spermidine/spermine N¹-acetyltransferase, SSAT) of the higher polyamines spermidine and spermine to putrescine. The involvement of different intracellular signal pathways in the regulation of putrescine formation was studied in explants and in cultured cells of rat parotid glands by using receptor agonists that activate separate second messenger systems, and measuring their effects on the concentrations of putrescine, spermidine and spermine and on the SSAT activity. The -adrenoceptor agonist isoprenaline, which is an activator of cAMP formation, increased the putrescine concentration and stimulated the SSAT activity. Pilocarpine, a drug that activates the muscarinic receptors and thereby enhances the phosphoinositide turnover, had no effect on either the polyamine concentrations or on the SSAT activity. Epidermal growth factor (EGF), which induces activation of a protein tyrosine kinase, had no effect on the polyamine concentrations or on the SSAT activity. The adenylate cyclase activator forskolin increased the glandular levels of putrescine. Taken together, these findings suggest that increases in putrescine concentration in cultured rat parotid gland cells are accompanied by accumulation of cAMP.     

生物碱－半导体场效应传感器的研制及应用

研制了生物碱（秋水仙碱或毛果芸香碱）－半导体场效应传感器，并测得了器件的浓度线性范围：２．５０×１０－５～４．００×１０－３ｍｏｌ／Ｌ（秋水仙碱）；９．９０×１０－５～５．０５×１０－３ｍｏｌ／Ｌ（毛果芸香碱）．该传感器可应用于药物制剂中秋水仙碱的测定．方法简便，效果良好．     

多烯磷脂酰胆碱改善癫痫大鼠认知功能的研究

研究旨在探讨多烯磷脂酰胆碱(PolyenePhosphatidyl choline,PPC)联合丙戊酸钠(valproate,VPA)改善癫痫后认知功能障碍的可能性,采用氯化锂-匹罗卡品诱导制作大鼠癫痫模型,通过VPA单纯或者联合PPC给药治疗后,水迷宫检测癫痫大鼠的认知行为变化,尼氏染色对鼠脑海马区神经元染色计数。结果显示PPC联合VPA给药组,大鼠的癫痫发作次数显著减少,在水迷宫实验中与对照组相比联合给药组逃避潜伏期明显缩短,在目标象限内的游程和时间长;联合给药组大鼠脑部海马区尼氏染色阳性细胞数高于其他组,并具有统计学意义。说明PPC联合VPA给药对癫痫大鼠的认知功能障碍有治疗作用。