对嗜好品风险认知的国际比较

对北京，大阪，洛杉矶3城市的市民就香烟和毒品的风险认知进行了抽样调查，并对其结果进行比较分析，主要结果如下：（1）中日美3国大约4／5的人对吸烟持负面性风险认知和评价，在3国中，美国人对吸烟的风险认知和危害性估计最高，中国居中，日本最低；（2）总体而言，中日美3国约9成以上的人对毒品持负面性风险认识和评价，在3国中，日本人对毒品的风险认知不安感最高，比较而言，美国人对毒品却表现出相对宽容的态度；（3）在3国中，日本人对香烟的社会容纳最高， 而对毒品的容纳度最低；美国人对毒品的社会容纳度远高于中国和日本；中国对香烟和毒品的社会容纳度都相对较低，这将有利于禁烟和禁毒。     

Aspirin-like drugs may block pain independently of prostaglandin synthesis inhibition

Summary Using flurbiprofen, a chiral anti-inflammatory and analgesic 2-arylpropionic acid derivative, the enantiomers of which are not converted to each other (less than 5%) in rats or man, we obtained evidence that prostaglandin synthesis inhibition is primarily mediating the anti-inflammatory activity but prostaglandin synthesis independent mechanisms contribute to the analgesic effects. Thus, the S-form inhibited prostaglandin synthesis, inflammation and nociception in rats. The R-form had much less effect on prostaglandin synthesis and did not affect inflammation. It did, however, block nociception in rats almost as potently as the S-form. S-flurbiprofen, in contrast to the R-form, was clearly ulcerogenic in the gastrointestinal mucosa. These results indicate additional molecular mechanisms of analgesia and suggest the use of R-arylpropionic acids as analgesics.     

Disruption of mitochondrial function as the basis of the trypanocidal effect of trifluoperazine onTrypanosoma cruzi

Summary The tricyclic anti-calmodulin drug trifluoperazine (TFP) inhibited growth and motility of epimastigotes ofTrypanosoma cruzi, at concentrations lower than 100 M, and motility and infectivity of the bloodstream trypomastigote form at 200 M. Electron microscopy of TFP-treated epimastigotes showed that the major effect was at the mitochondrial level, with gross swelling and disorganization. The oligomycin-sensitive, mitochondrial ATPase was completely inhibited by 20 M TFP, and the same drug concentration caused a 60% decrease in intracellular ATP content. The results suggest that the trypanocidal effect of TFP may be related more to mitochondrial damage than to the well-known anticalmodulin effect of the drug.     

Retention of topical liposomal formulations on the cornea

Summary The ability of liposomes composed of different kinds of phospholipid materials to adhere to the surface of the cornea was studied in the rabbit. The liposomes were labelled with tracer amounts of an I¹²⁵-labelled phosphatidylethanolamine derivative and were instilled in 10 l drops onto the cornea. The retention of radioactivity was monitored. The results show that liposomes containing positively charged phospholipids are better retained than an albumin control. Thus, it may be possible to develop a drug delivery, liposome system which would permit long-term sustained release of ophthalmic drugs onto the cornea.     

铂类抗癌药物研究进展

综述了铂类抗癌药物的抗癌机理、研究进展,并指出了铂类抗癌药物存在的问题以及未来的研究趋势.     

韶关市药用鱼类调查研究

本文根据对韶关市区及所属曲江、南雄、乳源等县市市场及野外调查结果，对食用鱼中药用鱼的肉、骨、肠、胆、血、鳔、肝、头、皮等药用价值进行了归类研究。     

芴-吩噻嗪衍生物共聚物的光电性能研究

有机/聚合物电致发光器件涉及材料学、发光学及微电子学等不同的学科领域.聚合物电致发光材料具有机械性能好、加工制备容易、易于实现柔性显示、可制成大面积器件等优点[1],并可望用于有机场效应管、有机光伏电池、有机激光、有机化学与生物传感器等领域.理想的电致发光材料应     

硝酸酯类药物临床应用

硝酸酯类药物,在临床上广泛用于治疗心绞痛,其对血管平滑肌有舒张作用。小剂量时可扩张静脉,使静脉回流减少,左室舒末压下降,使心脏前负荷降低,降低心肌耗氧量。较大剂量时,也能舒张外周阻力血管和心肌阻力血管从而降低血压,还可以间接地增强心肌收缩力。硝酸酯类药物可增加冠脉缺血区的血流量,增强缺血区的节段收缩,从而达到抗心肌缺血、抗心绞痛的作用。临床医生只有了解了硝酸酯类药物的药理性质、作用机制、用量、用法及副作用,在临床工作中,才能更好地治疗疾病。     

微生物药物产生菌诱变育种方法的应用和进展

产微生物药物的原始菌株往往产量较低,为满足工业生产的需要,需要通过合适的诱变育种方法进行改良.详细介绍了目前较为通用的几种物理和化学诱变育种技术及其应用情况,同时简述了获得高产突变株的几种筛选方式.     

新型手性抗肿瘤药物德氮吡格（TNBG）体外抗肿瘤活性初步研究

目的观察手性旋光异构体德氮吡格（TNBG）对6株人体肿瘤细胞增殖的影响,初步探讨其抗肿瘤作用机制。方法运用MTT法检测手性TNBG对6株肿瘤细胞生长抑制情况;油红O染色法观察QGY-7701细胞中脂质聚集情况;流式细胞仪检测手性TNBG对人肝癌细胞株QGY-7701细胞周期分布和凋亡影响。结果手性TNBG能不同程度抑制肿瘤细胞增殖,且呈剂量依赖性;油红O染色提取显示QGY-7701细胞内脂质量与给药剂量呈正相关;流式细胞仪检测到有s期细胞增加,并且手性TNBG还能诱导QGY-7701细胞发生凋亡。结论手性TNBG在体外具有良好的抗肿瘤活性,其抗肿瘤作用机制可能是通过促使肿瘤细胞产生脂质聚集,抑制肿瘤细胞增殖、诱导其凋亡从而达到抗肿瘤效应。总体看（＋）TNBG体外抗肿瘤活性比（-）TNBG更强。