美洲大蠊血细胞对金龟子绿僵菌CQMalO2菌株的免疫反应

将蜚蠊的非致病菌——金龟子绿僵菌(Metarhizium anisopliae)CQMal02菌株的分生孢子注入美洲大蠊(Periplaneta americana)血腔后，诱导了蜚蠊血淋巴强烈的免疫反应，其血细胞数量发生了显著变化，血细胞通过吞噬作用及形成结节使绿僵菌孢子钝化，萌发受到抑制，或被彻底分解；注射高浓度孢子时，蜚蠊的免疫体系受到严重破坏，容易感染细菌而死亡；但注射低浓度孢子却能够增强蜚蠊的免疫机能。生理盐液也能诱导蜚蠊血淋巴的免疫反应。     

小鼠巨噬细胞受S-O_2-1菌苗激活后的免疫增强效应

本文研究了小鼠巨噬细胞受S-O_2-1菌苗激活后的免疫增强效应.不同种鼠的小腹腔巨噬细胞均可被S-O_2-1菌苗激活,并能使其增殖,体积增大.激活后的巨噬细胞的亚微结构变化显著,细胞突起增多,表面积增加,线粒体及溶酶体增多,吞噬功能增强;细胞内溶菌酶、酸性磷酸酶及非特异性脂酶的活性明显增加.结果表明,S-O_2-1菌苗能增强小鼠巨噬细胞的免疫功能.     

Programmed cell clearance

Apoptosis, a physiological process of self-annihilation, is essential during development and for the maintenance of tissue homeostasis. Considerable efforts have been made in recent years to elucidate the molecular mechanisms that govern this mode of cellular demise; however, the subsequent recognition and removal of apoptotic corpses by neighboring phagocytes has received less attention. Nevertheless, macrophage engulfment of apoptotic cells is known to be important in the remodeling of tissues, and contributes to the resolution of inflammation through the removal of effete cells prior to the release of noxious cellular constituents. Moreover, apoptotic cells are a potential source of self-antigens, and clearance of cell corpses is thought to preclude the induction of autoimmune responses. The view is thus emerging that tissue homeostasis is dependent not only on the balance between mitosis and apoptosis, but also on the rate of apoptosis versus that of cell clearance. This review aims to discuss the mechanisms and consequences of macrophage recognition and disposal of apoptotic cells, a process which will be referred to as programmed cell clearance.Received 16 April 2003; received after revision 22 May 2003; accepted 26 May 2003     

Scanning and transmission electron microscopic evidence of epithelial phagocytosis of spermatozoa in the terminal region of the vas deferens of the cat

Summary Scanning and transmission electron microscopic observations have been made in the terminal region of the vas deferens of the cat, with emphasis on the occurrence of spermiophagy. The present study has revealed that epithelial cells as well as luminal macrophages are extensively and actively involved in phagocytosis of spermatozoa. The mechanism of the spermiophagy is discussed, in relation to a possible role of the epithelial cells, as one function of the vas deferens.     

红缘层孔菌多糖生理活性的初步研究

从红缘层孔菌中提取的水溶性多糖对小鼠单核巨噬细胞的吞噬功能有明显的刺激作用,可增加小鼠肝脏、脾脏的重量,并对由四氯化碳所致肝损伤,具有一定的保护作用。     

吉林人参低聚肽的免疫调节作用

 为研究吉林人参低聚肽(GOP)对小鼠的免疫调节作用, 选取280 只SPF 级雌性BALB/c 小鼠, 随机分为7 组:空白对照组、乳清蛋白组(150 mg/kg)及5 个GOP 组(37.5、75、150、300、600 mg/kg)。连续灌胃30 d 后, 进行免疫7 项实验测定, 观察GOP 对小鼠免疫器官相对重量、细胞免疫功能、体液免疫功能、单核-巨噬细胞功能和NK 细胞活性的影响。结果表明:GOP 显著提高了ConA 诱导的小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖能力、迟发型变态反应能力、抗体生成细胞数、小鼠碳廓清指数、巨噬细胞吞噬率和吞噬指数、NK 细胞活性(P<0.05), 且效果优于乳清蛋白。由此可知, GOP 可以通过增强细胞免疫功能、体液免疫功能、单核-巨噬细胞吞噬能力和NK 细胞活性, 起到增强免疫力的作用。     

二氯二茂钛的免疫抑制作用

本文研究了不同剂量的二氯二茂钛对实验动物免疫系统的影响,提示它是一种免疫抑制剂。     

生化黄腐酸对免疫系统的影响初探

以免疫器官指数、迟发性超敏反应、溶血素量和腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬率为指标,以矿源黄腐酸为对照,对生化黄腐酸地动物免疫系统的影响作了初步研究。结果表明：生化黄腐酸在免疫过程中各阶段均有促进作用,且剂量适合时作用极显著;而矿源黄腐酸则随试验条件不同分别表现为促进或抑制作用,二者之间有较明显的差异。     

Phagocytosis of apoptotic cells: a matter of balance

Efficient clearance of apoptotic cells is required to control homeostasis in normal and pathological circumstances, and inappropriate clearance of cell corpses may lead to autoimmune diseases and inflammation. The multiplicity of phagocytotic mechanisms points to the relevance of removing apoptotic cells. A variety of surface molecules present in either the apoptotic bodies or phagocytes help in attachment and initiation of engulfment. Nonetheless, uncontrolled phagocytosis of apoptotic cells and other particles may lead to tissue injury; therefore, negative signals are important in balancing phagocytotic activity. This review aims at a systematic examination of positive and negative signals that modulate the uptake of apoptotic bodies and the signaling mechanisms involved in the clearance of apoptotic cells.Received 13 November 2004; received after revision 5 March 2005; accepted 8 March 2005     

甲状腺激素对小鼠免疫功能的影响

本文研究了甲状腺激素对小鼠免疫功能的影响。实验结果表明:1)每天灌胃0.5或2mg 甲状腺激素,连续给药15天,不仅可以明显地促进小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬功能,且可明显增加小鼠外周血 T 淋巴细胞的数量;2)每天灌胃上述剂量的甲状腺激素,连续给药18天,可使特异性抗体的形成明显增强,而每天灌胃2mg 甲基硫氧嘧啶,连续给药18天,则使特异性抗体的形成明显减弱。甲状腺激素可能是参与免疫功能生理性调节的重要物质。