团泊洼鸟类自然保护区蛾类及其多样性的研究

系统研究了团泊洼鸟类自然保护区的蛾类，已知16科123属160种。并对其多样性作了分析研究。结果表明，种一多度关系接近于对数级数模型，物种少而优势种得到了大的发展。多样性指数与均匀度不相一致，且略表现为负相关(r＝-0．5960)，而与丰富度一致(r＝0．8742)．说明团泊洼鸟类自然保护区的蛾类群落较不稳定，这与近年来湿地的退化以及人为活动有关。     

Revision of the Neotropical genus Yagra Oiticica (Lepidoptera: Castniidae)

The Castniidae, or butterfly moths, are characteristically colourful diurnal moths, distributed throughout the tropics except in Africa. The Neotropical representatives forage almost exclusively on monocotyledonous plants and many species are crop pests with more than 60% of the Neotropical castniids found or endemic in Brazil. Research studies that focus on taxonomy, systematics, and morphology of this group are scarce. In this study, Yagra Oiticica, a small genus restricted to south-eastern South America, is revised and the diagnostic morphological characters of male and female genitalia are illustrated. This research is part of long-term study on the Castniidae for future phylogenetic analysis.     

湖北省五峰后河国家级自然保护区蛾类昆虫调查初报

报道了后河国家级自然保护区蛾类昆虫的初步调查结果．已鉴定出17科152种．其中天蛾科3种．木蠹蛾科1种,刺蛾科2种,毒蛾科7种．斑蛾科1种．虎蛾科3种．舟蛾科3种．鹿蛾科2种．钩蛾科6种,枯叶蛾科3种．灯蛾科18种．蚕蛾科1种,波纹蛾科2种,夜蛾科40种,尺蛾科41种,螟蛾科18种,燕蛾科1种．56种为湖北省新记录种．根据调查结果．对该自然保护区内蛾类昆虫的区系结构进行了分析,该地区蛾类昆虫以东洋种为主．     

广西森林主要趋光害虫及趋光蛾类新分布记录

于2007年采用佳多智能JDA型虫情测报灯诱捕到广西森林主要趋光害虫6目26科46种。经分析,其中 广西新分布记录的鳞翅目趋光蛾类有5科6种,即小用克尺蛾(Jankowskia fuscaria(Leech))、丝光带蛾 (Pseudojana incandesceus Walker)、灰纹带蛾(Ganisa cyanugrisea Mell)、闪蓝斑蠹蛾(Xyleutes mineus Cramer)、波纹蛾(Thyatira batis L.)、蝉网蛾(Glanycus foochowensis Chu et Wang);出现频 率高和成虫数量大的种类有油桐尺蛾(Buzura suppressaria Guenée)、马尾松毛虫(Dendrolimus punctatus Walker)、泡桐灰天蛾(Psilograrmma menephron(Cramer))、松墨天牛(Monochamus alternatus Hope)、铜绿丽金龟(Anomala corpulenta Mostschulsky)、八角尺蛾(Dilophodes elegans sinica Prout) 。观测表明,JDA型虫情测报灯可准确监测常年发生的重大森林害虫,如马尾松毛虫、松茸毒蛾(Dasychira axutha Collenette)、松墨天牛、油桐尺蛾和八角尺蛾等。     

宁夏贺兰山蛾类区系调查及多样性分析

通过调查,共获得贺兰山自然保护区蛾类标本7 000余号.已鉴定的种类为15科144属186种,夜蛾科的种数最多,其次是螟蛾科、尺蛾科和卷蛾科.区系分析结果表明,贺兰山自然保护区蛾类以古北种为主,表明其具有很强的古北区特征,广布种次之,东洋种最少.根据中国地理区划,贺兰山蛾类除了自身的蒙新区特点外,与东北区、华北区联系最为密切.4个生境的多样性指数H′由大到小依次为山麓荒漠化草原、山前草原化荒漠、针叶林层、山地草原;均匀度指数J′由大到小依次为山麓荒漠化草原、山地草原、山前草原化荒漠、针叶林层;优势集中性指数C由大到小依次为山地草原、山麓荒漠化草原、针叶林层、山前草原化荒漠.     

蛾类防御蝙蝠的机制及其对仿生学的启示

在蝙蝠回声定位的选择压力下,夜间活动的蛾类进化出一系列防御、逃避等适应性特征。在千万年的协同进化过程中,蛾类在形态结构和生理上对蝙蝠的防御无疑是能量、物质和功能的最佳结合,这给仿生学研究带来新的启示。本文综述了蛾类在形态结构和生理上对蝙蝠防御的机制,并展望了蛾类防御机制研究的前景,及其在仿生学上的应用潜能。     

Description,molecular phylogeny,and natural history of a new kleptoparasitic species of gelechiid moth (Lepidoptera) associated with Melastomataceae galls in Brazil

The male, female, pupa and larva of a new species of Gelechiidae (Lepidoptera), Locharcha opportuna Moreira and Becker, are described and illustrated with the aid of optical and scanning electron microscopy. A preliminary analysis of mitochondrial DNA sequences including members of related lineages is also provided. The immature stages are associated with galls induced by a species of Palaeomystella Fletcher (Lepidoptera: Momphidae) on Tibouchina sellowiana (Cham.) Cogn. (Melastomataceae), endemic to the Atlantic Rainforest. Larvae are kleptoparasitic, usurping the gall internal space and thereafter feeding on the internal tissues. By determining the variation in population density of both species and following gall development individually throughout ontogeny under field conditions, we demonstrated that the kleptoparasite completes its life cycle inside galls induced by Palaeomystella, where pupation occurs. The variation in seasonal abundance of the kleptoparasite is tied to that of the cecidogenous species, with their corresponding peaks in density occurring sequentially.

http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:525F6D52-8CE1-47D1-A0D9-78B564DF5565     

Diversity and nectar hosts of flower-settling moths within a Florida sandhill ecosystem

The purpose of this study was to document and identify flower-settling moths within a Florida sandhill ecosystem and investigate their potential pollination capabilities. A combination of methods incorporating observation, morphology, pollen analysis and behaviour were applied. Fifty-two species of moths were documented taking nectar on flowers. A novel nectar-feeding behaviour categorized as fluttering resulted in increased pollen collection. Significant morphological match of moth proboscis length with flower corolla length was found. A preliminary list of sandhill moths is presented, and a pollen library of flowers found throughout the study area was created. This study was the first to conduct observations of settling moths in upland pine communities, and offers a rare glimpse into the interactions of moths with flowers within a unique ecosystem.     

Sex pheromone conversion and degradation in antennae of the silkworm mothBombyx mori L.

Summary In living antennae of the silkworm mothBombyx mori L. the pheromone compound (E, Z)-10,12-hexadecadienol and hexadecanol are enzymatically converted to their corresponding fatty aldehydes, acids and long-chain fatty acid esters. The pheromone is completely degraded at high rates in the antennae of freshly hatched moths. The polar volatile [³H]metabolites exclusively consist of tritiated water. The half-life of the pheromone is about 2.5 min in males and 0.5 min in females. Drying inactivates the enzymes responsible for pheromone oxidation.Dedicated to Professor Adolf Butenandt on the occasion of his 85th birthday