Immunogenetics

Summary The 1985 Catalog of Mapped Genes (Human Gene Mapping 8; 33) has been used to pick out the known, immunologically important genes; these are then discussed in the following order: 1. genes controlling organs, tissues and cells of the immune apparatus, 2. genes determining self structures, 3. genes determining the structures of immunological specificity, 4. genes determining substances with immunoregulatory and effector properties. The symbols for the genes and the biological functions of their products are explained. The genetics of the ABO blood groups, of the HLA-system and of antibody formation are given in rather more detail.     

Identification of antiviral- relevant genes in the cultured fish cells induced by UV-inactivated virus

~~Identification of antiviral- relevant genes in the cultured fish cells induced by UV-inactivated virus~~     

融合干扰素rPoIFN-α/β联合黄芪多糖抗病毒活性研究

以融合干扰素rPoIFN-α/β和黄芪多糖(APS)作为抗病毒药物,采用MTT法与细胞病变(CPE)抑制试验评价了二者联用抗PRRSV,CSFV和PRV 3种猪源性病毒的效果.结果显示,融合干扰素rPoIFN-α/β和黄芪多糖(APS)联合使用对PRRSV,CSFV和PRV 3种猪源性病毒抑制作用远远高于单独使用,体现出显著的协同抗病毒效应,为融合干扰素与黄芪多糖的联合用药防控病毒性疾病提供了理论基础.     

干扰素及其研究进展

主要介绍了干扰素的发现和分类，以及近年来干扰素在医学中的应用和基因工程中的研究、开发进展情况，最后简要介绍和讨论了干扰素的使用安全性问题。     

γ干扰素工程菌发酵工艺研究

在摇瓶培养及恒化培养研究的基础上,对含温度敏感型质粒γ干扰素工程菌高密度、高表达的发酵工艺作了探讨。摇瓶培养结果表明,菌体的良好生长状态对外源基因表达起着重要作用,工程菌于对数后期升温,干扰素滴度最高。以葡萄糖为限制性基质的恒化培养,得出了工程菌细胞生长得率与比生长速率之间的关系,同时表明工程菌升温表达前的比生长速率对表达后干扰素的比活有影响,比生长速率在0.10～0.15h~(-1)时比活最大。通过碳、氮、镁的间歇流加培养与连续流加培养,均使工程菌达到高密度与高表达,但以控制比生长速率为目的的连续流加培养较间歇流加比活提高近4倍,棕1.1×10~(10)IU/L。     

γTNFβ体外杀伤肿瘤细胞的研究

用ＭＰＧ吸附层析法所制备的ＨｕＩＦＮ－γ／ＨｕＴＮＦβ重组双功能杂交蛋白（简称γＴＮＦβ）［１］去处理人宫颈癌细胞株ＭＥ１８０、胃癌细胞株７９０１和肺癌细胞株Ｇ６，结果表明此杂交蛋白对这三个细胞株都有明显的杀伤作用，其杀伤率显著高于同剂量的ＩＦＮ－γ或ＴＮＦ－β；用３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ掺入法观察γＴＮＦβ在不同时间、不同剂量条件下对Ｇ６的增殖抑制，可得到同样的结论。用γＴＮＦβ与丝裂霉素Ｃ（Ｍｉｔｏ－Ｃ）一起处理胃癌７９０１细胞，结果表明在Ｍｉｔｏ－Ｃ１．０μｇ／ｍＬ浓度以下、γＴＮＦβ５０ｕ／ｍＬ浓度以下，两者具有良好的抑病协同效应。用γＴＮＦβ处理胃癌、肺癌细胞以及ｙγＴＮＦβ与化学细胞毒性药物协同抑癌尚未见有报道。本文的结果为深入研究γＴＮＦβ可能具有更有效的抗癌效应提供了实验依据。     

基因重组人Gamma-干扰素发酵和提取优化工艺的研究

对基因重组人Ｇａｍｍａ－干扰素（ｒＩＦＮ－γ）ＰＢＶ２２０ＤＨ５α工程菌株的发酵工艺进行了研究．结果表明,采用在２５０ｍＬ摇瓶中装液量为１５０ｍＬ,按照１∶４０的稀释比进行两次扩大培养,并在大肠杆菌生长最为活跃的对数生长期内进行诱导表达效果最好．收集菌体以后,将菌体进行冷冻和超声破碎,并在２．０ｍｏｌ／Ｌ脲中浸泡８ｈ～９ｈ以清洗杂蛋白,然后用７．０ｍｏｌ／Ｌ盐酸胍（Ｇｕ·ＨＣｌ）提取．在优化工艺条件下,ｒＩＦＮ－γ的收量为９．０×１０６ＩＵ／Ｌ～１２．８×１０６ＩＵ／Ｌ,总蛋白为７９．５ｍｇ／Ｌ～１２７．２ｍｇ／Ｌ,比活为５．６×１０５ＩＵ／ｍｇ～８．０×１０５ＩＵ／ｍｇ,ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ电泳含量可达６０％～８０％,使ＰＢＶ２２０ＤＨ５α工程菌株获得了高效表达．     

抗病毒植物研究与开发的现状和展望

本文介绍了有关抗病毒植物研制的最新成果，即应用生物工程和遗传基因重组法研制抗病毒植物的现状和方法。重点介绍了外壳蛋白（ｃｐ）调节抗性的研究现状和开发利用情况。并对抗病毒植物的研制进行了展望。     

Suppression of natural killer cell activity in mouse spleen lymphocytes by several dopamine receptor antagonists

The effects of dopaminergic receptor inhibitors such as thiothixine (D₁/D₂), fluphenazine (D₁/D₂), trifluoperazine (D₁/D₂), pimozide (D₂), flupenthixol (D₁/D₂), (+/–)-SKF 83566 (D₁), and spiperone (D₂) on splenic natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxic activities were assessed in vitro using mouse spleen lymphocytes or enriched NK cells. Both the activities of the splenic NK cell cytotoxicity and the effector-target cell conjugation were suppressed by thiothixine, fluphenazine, and trifluoperazine at concentrations from 2.64 to 14.78 M. In addition, the augmentation of the cytolytic activity of NK cells induced by interferon- or interleukin-2 was antagonized by pretreatment with these neuroleptic compounds. However, neither the splenic NK cell cytotoxicity nor the effector-target cell conjugation were affected by treatment with other neuroleptic compounds such as pimozide, flupenthixol, (+/–)-SKF 83566, and spiperone. Thus, it appears that neuroleptic compounds such as thiothixine, fluphenazine, and trifluoperazine may act through the mechanisms other than a dopaminergic pathway to affect the NK cell-target cell interaction.     

Organoselenides as potential immunostimulants and inducers of interferon gamma and other cytokines in human peripheral blood leukocytes

Summary A number of organoselenium compounds have been described as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, glutathione peroxidase-like agents and inhibitors of prostaglandin synthesis. Here we report that bis [2-(N-phenyl-carboxamido)]phenyl diselenide, 2-phenyl-1,2-benzisoselenazol-3(2H)-one (Ebselen) and related compounds are inducers of interferon gamma (IFN-) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in human peripheral blood leukocytes. The IFN and TNF response was rapid, occurring within 20 h, and high-up to 1000 and 2000 units ml^–1-and was clearly related to the dosage and the structure of the compounds. The action of the compounds and phytohemagglutinin was synergistic. The IFN gamma and TNF production was reduced after removing adherent cells. Although the mode of action of the compounds is not known, they appear to interact directly or indirectly with both adherent and non-adherent leukocytes, and stimulate the synthesis of a set of different cytokines including factors controlling the cell proliferation. Therefore, organoselenides may be regarded as the biological response modifiers.