Some citrus chitinases also possess chitosanase activities

Several acidic chitinase and chitosanase isoforms were found in 4-week-old nonembryogenic sweet orange (Valencia [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck]) callus tissue. Two isoforms (designated A1-CF1 and A1-CF2) were purified to homogeneity using HPLC size exclusion, anion exchange, and chromatofocusing techniques. Both hydrolase isoforms exhibited activity with either colloidal chitin or solubilized shrimp shell chitosan. Specific activities for the purified isoforms could not be calculated because of the lack of protein and contamination of ampholytes. However, the specific activities for chitinase and chitosanase after anion exchange were respectively 404 nmol GlcNAc per min per mg protein and 2,475 nmol GlcN per min per mg protein. The M_r for both enzymes was 30,500. The homogeneous proteins cross-reacted in western blots with antiserum against a basic class I potato leaf chitinase.     

牦牛肝片吸虫四种抗原交叉免疫印迹分析

用牦牛肝片吸虫四种抗原分别制备四种抗血清，其ＥＳＩＳＡ效价 １：８００，１：１６００，１：３２００和１：８００．ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ电泳区带组分分别为２５，２４，１８和９条带；免疫印迹结果，各种抗清与相庆抗原作用的主要抗原成份分别为５，１０，７和３；四种抗原中存在的共同抗原为１７．２ｋＤ；特征抗原ＨＡ为２９．９ｋＤ，ＳＡ为２７．２ｋＤ的２４．３ｋＤ；正常兔血清与各个抗原间均未出现免疫反应。     

Necessity of adjuvants for inducing effective antibody response to zona pellucida antigens

Summary Rhesus monkeys evoked a vigorous antibody response to a single heteroimmunization dose of zona pellucida antigens, when these were administered along with complete Freud's adjuvant. The antisera recognized all the three major porcine zona glycoprotein families and the animals were rendered amenorrheic after such immunization. Monkeys immunized with zona without adjuvant, however, failed to show any anti-zona antibody response and had normal menstrual cycles. Zona pellucida glycoproteins are thus not effective immunogens unless administered along with a powerful adjuvant.     

Detection of caprine arthritis-encephalitis- and maedi-visna viruses using the polymerase chain reaction

Summary The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to demonstrate proviral DNA of lentiviruses of small ruminants in cultured cells. Primers for the Taq polymerase were selected in the GAG gene of Icelandic maedi-visna virus and POL gene of caprine arthritis-encephalitis (CAE) virus. Using PCR, proviral DNA of CAE virus was detected at 1 day post infection, 4 days beforeviral protein could be demonstrated using a sensitive immunoblotting protocol and 6 days before the appearance of syncytia. Primers derived from the published sequence of CAE virus successfully primed for the synthesis of homologous virus and Icelandic maedi-visna viruss but not for maedi-visna virus isolated in The Netherlands. In contrast, primers derived from the GAG region of Icelandic maedi-visna virus allowed the amplification of DNA of homologous virus, maedi-visna virus isolated in The Netherlands as well as CAE virus.     

Spasmin-like proteins in various ciliates revealed by antibody to purified spasmins ofCarchesium polypinum

Summary It was found that some ciliates,Stentor, Spirostomum andBlepharisma, which can contract rapidly like the stalks of Vorticellidae, have Ca²⁺-binding proteins that are very similar to spasmins, in the immunological sense. The presence of spasmins in other Protozoa and in some Metazoa was also investigated.     

应用免疫印渍法检测猪和鱼卵透明带抗原的免疫交叉反应性

为了研究猪和鱼卵透明带抗原的免疫交叉反应性，应用免疫印渍术对其抗原组分进行了检测．实验结果表明，鱼卵透明带抗原与已知具有精子受体活性的猪ＺＰ３抗原，甚至猪全ＺＰ抗原均没有交叉反应．提示鱼卵透明带不含有与猪和人等哺乳类的透明带免疫学相类似的抗原决定簇．