黑线仓鼠的凶狠好斗行为观察

为了促进糖尿病的研究,经卫生部下达任务正式立题,我院开始繁殖黑线仓鼠(也叫中国地鼠),1980年春,从北京购买(卖主从北京郊区农田捕获)黑线仓鼠(经北京中医研究院鉴定确认)60只,现已培养成自发性中、轻度Ⅱ型糖尿病动物模型和近交系,现有存笼地鼠1000只左右,为我国唯一庞大的山医中国地鼠群体,我们从1980—1995年经过了15年的观察、研究和饲养,现将其凶狠好斗行为作一总述.     

葡萄离体培养中胚状体发生的研究Ⅰ.胚状体发生的组织细胞学观察

以葡萄（ＶｉｔｉｓｖｉｎｉｆｅｒａＬ．）的花药和花丝为实验材料，观察了葡萄离体培养中胚状体的发生发育过程．结果表明：（１）葡萄的花药和花丝经诱导都可形成胚性和非胚性两类不同的愈伤组织，与外植体来源无关，胚状体经胚性愈伤组织产生．（２）胚状体多起源于胚性愈伤组织表层或表层以下的单个细胞，这些细胞核大，细胞质浓，染色深，在表层者易于脱落而处于单个离散状态，它们的第一次分裂有均等分裂，也有不等分裂，经２细胞、３细胞、多细胞原胚等阶段发育为成熟的胚状体．（３）葡萄胚状体具有与双子叶植物合子胚相似的发育过程     

黑线仓鼠幼鼠温度选择动态与其恒温机制建成预测

用自制的陆生动物温度选择仪研究黑线仓鼠幼体的选择温度随日龄变化的规律。并用模型ｄＴ／ｄｔ＝λ（Ｔ－Ｃ１）（Ｔ－Ｃ２）拟合实验数据效果良好，表明黑线仓鼠幼鼠日龄－选择温度可用该方程的解来描述。从而可预测黑线仓鼠幼鼠恒温机制建成的程度。     

Interfamily pregnancy and expression of CD57, CD68 in deciduas between golden hamster and mouse

Pregnancy between different species is one of the key steps to interspecific somatic cell cloning. Although interspecific clone embryos have been constructed, they could not develop to birth after being transferred to recipi-ents. In order to clarify the mechanism of this phenomenon, interfamily pregnancy between golden hamste (Mesocricetus auratus) and mouse (Mus musculus) was studied. Co-culture results indicated that the adhesion ratios of golden hamster blastocysts on mouse uterine epithelia monolayer 12, 24, 48 and 72 h after co-culture were all significantly lower than those of mouse blastocysts. The outgrowth ratios of golden hamster blastocysts on mouse uterine epithelia monolayer 48, 72 h after co-culture were both significantly lower than those of mouse blastocysts (P < 0.01). Golden hamster抯 blastula could be implanted and develop to D 11 of pregnancy after being transferred to mouse uterus (the 7th day after embryo transfer). Compared to the transfer of mouse embryo to mouse uterus, the successful ratio of interfamily embryo transfer was lower and the bulk of fetus was smaller than that of intraspecific fetus. Compared to intraspecific preg-nancy of mouse, the remote decidual tissue of interfamily pregnancy on D8 is looser. At the same time, expressions of CD57 and CD 68 in remote deciduas were both higher than those in the secondary deciduas in both intraspecific and interfamily pregnancy. However, expressions of the two molecules in interfamily pregnancy were lower than those in intraspecific pregnancy. These results showed that interfam-ily pregnancy could be established between golden hamster and mouse. But the development of fetus in interfamily pregnancy was slower than that in intraspecific pregnancy. The expression difference of CD57 and CD68 indicates the difference of immunoreaction between interfamily and in-traspecific pregnancy, which may be one of the reasons lead-ing to interfamily pregnancy termination.     

Implication of C-5, C-6 unsaturation as a key structural factor in steroidal alkaloid-induced mammalian teratogenesis

Hamster teratogenicity induced upon oral administration of steroidal alkaloids (solanidanes, spirosolanes and jervanes) appears to relate very closely to the presence or absence of C-5, C-6 unsaturation in the alkaloid, which may be more important than molecular configuration at C-22 and placement of the nitrogen atom with regard to the plane of the steroid.     

Biological effects of trilostane in vitro on oocyte maturation and fertilization in the hamster

Summary The effects of the inhibition of steroidogenesis by trilostane on oocyte maturation were examined by studying spontaneous maturation and fertilization in vitro. 10^–6 M trilostane had no influence on the meiotic process, whether the oocytes were naked or not. At a concentration of 10^–6 M and 10^–7 M trilostane, low normal pronuclear formation and high polyspermy were found during in vitro fertilization. However, no retarded male pronuclear development could be detected in the trilostane-treated group. Thus, steroid producing activity within ova is apparently necessary to prevent multiple sperm penetration, but it has no effect on meiosis or the action of the so-called male pronucleus growth factor (MPGF).     

Phase response curve to anisomycin intau mutant hamsters

Administration of the protein synthesis inhibitor, anisomycin, to wild type hamsters produces phase shifts in their circadian rhythms that have similarities to shifts produced by non-photic behavioral stimulation. A mutation that shortens the period of rhythms in hamsters results in altered responsiveness to non-photic input. However, responses of the mutants to anisomycin are unaffected: their phase response curve (PRC) for anisomycin is similar to that of wild types. This suggests that 1) anisomycin is not acting on mechanisms specifically involved in non-photic behavioral phase shifting, and 2) the mutation affects the non-photic input pathway or the pacemaker itself at a point that is upstream from anisomycin's site of action.     

黑线仓鼠不同季节睾丸组织学研究

西文通过形态解剖和组织切片手段，对1988年不同季节的黑线仓鼠睾丸的形态、显微结构及组织化学变化进行了观察比较，结果表明：黑线仓鼠丸重量和曲细精管直径在不同季节有规律性变化的趋势，且二者存在密切的关系，显微结构及组织化学也具有季节性特点，由此可预测黑线仓鼠在不同季节繁殖能力的兴衰变化。     

中国地鼠卵巢细胞培养上清中重组骨形态发生蛋白2的三步纯化法(英文)

骨形态发生蛋白2(BMP-2)是转化生长因子β(TGF-β)超家族的成员,在骨组织工程领域被广泛应用.如今,BMP-2的商业生产所受关注程度与日俱增.这里建立了一种方便且低成本的方法,将人重组骨形态发生蛋白2(rhBMP-2)从中国地鼠卵巢细胞系(CHO)培养上清中纯化出来.该方法由三步组成:肝素亲和层析,Q-Sepharose离子交换层析和SephacrylS-200凝胶过滤,得率约29%.从1L培养上清中能得到约0.26mg的纯度在95%以上的rhBMP-2成熟二聚体,并通过异位成骨实验组织学分析证实了其生物活性.因此,该方法在CHO培养上清中纯化rhBMP-2方面具有潜在的应用价值.     

李斯的人生哲学与性恶论

李斯的一生富有传奇色彩,但最终又以悲惨的结局收场。从生活琐事上集中反映他的价值观。从仓鼠与厕鼠悟出的人生哲学,伴随其一生的荣辱成败。"仓鼠哲学"的人生哲学观和见利忘义的性格特点也终酿苦果。在很大程度上,李斯一生的悲剧是他亲手导演的。