Photoperiodic summation is temperature-dependent inPyrrhocoris apterus (L.) (Heteroptera)

Summary InPyrrhocoris apterus, a low temperature, 15°C, prevented the termination of diapause by long days and, unexpectedly, also the induction of diapause by short days. Both responses were enabled at a higher temperature, 26°C. In contrast to current concepts, it was proved that the summation of photoperiodic signals was temperature-dependent, since the morphogenetic development was prevented by starvation.     

Eicosapentaenoic acid in tissue lipids ofPieris brassicae

Summary Larvae of the cabbage white butterfly,Pieris brassicae, have a dietary requirement for linolenic acid (C183n3) and were found to accumulate two other members of the n-3 family, C203n3 and C205n3 (eicosapentaenoic acid) especially in testicular phospholipids. Arachidonic acid was observed in trace amounts only. During diapause the relative titer of eicosapentaenoic acid increased in testicular phospholipids to about 4.2% of the fatty acids. Eicosapentaenoic acid is a possible precursor of prostaglandins, suggesting that prostaglandins of the 3-series predominate in this insect.     

Occurrence of retinal and 3-hydroxyretinal in a possible photoreceptor of the silkworm brain involved in photoperiodism

Summary Deficiency of dietary carotenoid and vitamin A caused an absence of photoperiodic response of diapause induction in the silkworm,Bombyx mori, and an addition of vitamin A to the diet restored the response. By high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) a possible photoperiodic receptor of the silkworm brain was found to contain both retinal and 3-hydroxyretinal which are chromophores of insect visual pigments. These pieces of evidence suggest that a retinoid protein might function in the photoperiodic response of the silkworm.     

不同氰戊菊酯抗性水平棉铃虫越冬适应性的研究

本文利用人工诱导滞育的方法,对不同氰戊菊酯抗性水平的棉铃虫越冬蛹进行了比较研究．结果表明,氰戊菊酯抗性较高的棉铃虫滞育率低,越冬蛹期长,越冬死亡率高．     

野蚕DHPBAN基因启动子的克隆及序列分析

为研究昆虫滞育激素性信息素合成激活肽基因在进化过程中的变化以及基因表达调控的异同,用ＰＣＲ方法克隆了野蚕的ＤＨＰＢＡＮ基因的启动子并测序,这是第二个被克隆的昆虫ＤＨＰＢＡＮ基因启动子．与家蚕相比,在核苷酸水平上同源性达９４％．野蚕ＤＨＰＢＡＮ基因启动子的ＴＡＴＡ框的保守序列为ＴＡＴＡＴＡＡＡ,位于－４７—－４０处;ＣＡＡＴ框是ＧＧＣＣＣＡＴＣＴ,位于－８３—－７５处;野蚕与家蚕一样具有ＴＡＡＴ保守序列,这段序列是一类调控蛋白的结合核心位点,家蚕的位于－１８５—－１７６,野蚕的位于－１７６—－１６７．在－６４—－５６部位,核苷酸序列表现出较大的不同．     

Photoperiodic induction of diapause in an insect is vitamin A dependent

Summary A photoperiodic response was found to be absent in larvae of the parasitoid waspApanteles glomeratus when its host (caterpillars ofPieris brassicae) was reared on a low-carotenoid artificial diet. Addition of vitamin A to the host's diet restored the response to short-day photoperiods in the wasp larvae, thus showing that vitamin A is essential for photoperiodic induction of diapause. Possibly vitamin A or a derivative of vitamin A functions as the photoreceptor pigment for the photoperiodic reaction in this species of insect.     

Effects of diapause and host species on some morphometric characters inTrichogramma (Hym.: Trichogrammatidae)

Adult morphology ofTrichogramma is modified by environmental conditions during the preimaginal development. For instance, the low temperatures inducing diapause cause a decrease of the ratio length of longest seta on male flagellum/width of flagellum inT. evanescens. The species of the host also influences numerous body ratios. So, in females, the development of tibiae with regard to wings is more important withScotia ipsilon than withGalleria mellonella. These results confirm the necessity of performing comparative morphological studies on individuals reared in the same conditions.     

温度周期对诱发亚洲玉米螟滞育的影响

在光周期不变的情况下，使光周期中的暗时相与温度周期中的冷时相相同步时，亚洲玉米螟Ｏｓｔｒｉｎｉａｆｕｒｎａｃａｌｉｓ（Ｇｕｅｎｅｅ＇）（Ｌｅｐｉｄｏｐｔｅｒａ：Ｐｙｒａｌｉｄａｅ）的滞育率就高；而当光周期中的暗时相与温度周期中的温时相相同步时，不足育的发生率就低。