Polarization of immunity induced by direct injection of naked sequence-stabilized mRNA vaccines

In the context of developing a safe genetic vaccination strategy we tested and studied globin-stabilized mRNA-based vaccination in mice. This vaccination strategy has the advantages of genetic vaccination (easy production, adaptability to any disease and inexpensive storage when lyophilized), but not the drawbacks of DNA vaccination (long-term uncontrolled expression of a transgene, possibility of integration into the host genome and possible induction of anti-DNA antibodies). We report here that injection of naked -globin untranslated region (UTR)-stabilized mRNA coding for -galactosidase is followed by detectable translation in vivo. In addition, we show that such a vaccination strategy primes a T helper 2 (Th2) type of response which can be enhanced and shifted to a Th1-type immune response by application of recombinant granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1 day after mRNA injection. Our data demonstrate that the administration of globin UTR-stabilized mRNA is a versatile vaccination strategy that can be manipulated to fit the requirement of antiviral, antibacterial or antitumor immunity.Received 14 June 2004; received after revision 19 July 2004; accepted 9 August 2004     

细菌性鱼病的免疫研究现状

概述了细菌性鱼病的免疫研究现状,主要介绍鱼用细菌性疫苗的研制、接种途径及免疫效果的评价,指出了鱼类免疫研究的发展前景及其存在的问题     

pH-responsive vaccine delivery systems for improving cellular immunity

Immune vaccination is a critically important strategy in disease prevention and treatment. In vaccination, efficient vaccine carriers are necessary to augment the immune response initiated by vaccines generally with weak immunogenecity. Nowadays, commercially available vaccine/carrier formulations induce effective humoral immunity but weak or none cellular immunity. However, in practice, cellular rather than humoral immunity plays the key role in treating some intractable diseases such as AIDS and cancers, in which the elicited cytotoxic T lymphocytes can directly kill HIV-infected or cancer cells. To trigger potent cellular immunity, the carriers should help antigens escape from endosomal/lysosomal degradation and release them directly into the cytosol of antigen presenting cells. To this aim, such kind of vaccine carriers should be rationally designed and prepared in terms of their structure and physiochemical properties. Here, we summarized the recent advances in pH-responsive vaccine carriers exclusively developed for improving cellular immunity.     

按Logistic增长且具有连续预防接种和潜伏期密度依赖的SEIRS流行病模型

本文在种群按Logisti增长情况下研究了预防接种和潜伏期密度依赖对SEIRS流行病模型的影响,得到了无病平衡点和地方病平衡点的存在性以及稳定性条件.