特里·伊格尔顿的哈罗德·布鲁姆文学经典观批评

特里·伊格尔顿对哈罗德·布鲁姆文学经典观批评的洞见颇值得挖掘，尤其是他洞透到了布鲁姆的美国中产阶级男性中心主义的精英身份。而他对布鲁姆的批评谬见则应该被予以批判，分析其背后的非文学因素，深层次的政治偏见立场影响了两人文学经典批评观的和衷共济。至于两人对文学的虔诚与知性就更可以在符号化的消费社会与喧哗的理论之后的当代语境下，共生一种和而不同的文学经典批评观。     

克拉莉莎的救赎--特里·伊格尔顿的马克思主义文本批评

英国马克思主义文艺理论家特里·伊格尔顿在文学批评实践方面成绩斐然,这在马克思主义文艺理论家中是少有的.<克拉莉莎被强暴:塞缪尔·理查逊小说里的书写、性欲和阶级斗争>是伊格尔顿一个经典的马克思主义当代形态的批评实践文本.他对理查逊小说<克拉莉莎>的解读有力印证了其"政治批评观".     

A periodization of research technologies and of the emergency of genericity

According to the historian and sociologist of science Terry Shinn, the creator of the concept of ‘research technologies’: “Research technologies may sometimes generate promising packets of instrumentation for yet undefined ends. They may offer technological answers to questions that have hardly been raised. Research technologists׳s instruments are then generic in the sense that they are base-line apparatus which can subsequently be transformed by experimenters into products tailored to specific economic ends or adapted by experimenters to further cognitive ends in academic research.”¹ Genericity thus manifests one of three fundamental characteristics of research technologies. At the same time, however, each research technology emerges out of the specific disciplinary context in which it is initially developed with entirely concrete aims. Consequently, genericity does not exist from the outset but first has to form, along a path that remains to be clarified. It is produced or constructed by the actors on two levels: as an instrument in the laboratory and as a way of speaking at the representational level. This issue yields the structure of this paper. Three options for the transition of a specific technique into a generic research technology are compared. One of them proves to be the most frequent pattern of this dynamic. This is explored further, taking as paradigmatic examples ‘computed tomography’ (CT), ‘nuclear magnetic resonance׳ (NMR) and its application known as ‘magnetic resonance imaging’ (MRI), together with several additional examples.     

意识形态视野中的批评实践--特里·伊格尔顿的文学批评理论

伊格尔顿从文学是一种社会意识形态这一基本观念出发,在文学的文化研究视野中建构了文学的意识形态政治批评的批评观念和理论模式。他的意识形态批评理论发展了传统的马克思主义意识形态理论和马克思主义文学批评理论,具有深刻的理论价值和应用价值,他的批评实践不失为探索“科学的马克思主义文学批评”的有效例证。但是他在心理分析-马克思主义立场上对“意识形态”概念的批判性阐释存在着本质主义的理论缺陷,从而影响了他的文学批评理论的现实效力的发挥。