Emergence in holographic scenarios for gravity

‘Holographic’ relations between theories have become an important theme in quantum gravity research. These relations entail that a theory without gravity is equivalent to a gravitational theory with an extra spatial dimension. The idea of holography was first proposed in 1993 by Gerard ׳t Hooft on the basis of his studies of evaporating black holes. Soon afterwards the holographic ‘AdS/CFT’ duality was introduced, which since has been intensively studied in the string theory community and beyond. Recently, Erik Verlinde has proposed that even Newton׳s law of gravitation can be related holographically to the ‘thermodynamics of information’ on screens. We discuss these scenarios, with special attention to the status of the holographic relation in them and to the question of whether they make gravity and spacetime emergent. We conclude that only Verlinde׳s scheme straightforwardly instantiates emergence. However, assuming a non-standard interpretation of AdS/CFT may create room for the emergence of spacetime and gravity there as well.     

量子霍耳效应探讨

本文从线性响应理论的久保公式出发，用正则系综求统计平均的方法，导出了整数量子霍耳电导。从而解释了整数量子霍耳效应。     

Quantum decoherence and the approach to equilibrium (II)

In a previous paper [Hemmo, M & Shenker, O (2003). Quantum decoherence and the approach to equilibrium I. Philosophy of Science, 70, 330–358] we discussed a recent proposal by Albert [(2000). Time and chance. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Chapter 7] to recover thermodynamics on a purely dynamical basis, using the quantum theory of the collapse of the quantum state of [Ghirardi, G, Rimini, A and Weber, T., (1986). Unified dynamics for microscopic and macroscopic systems. Physical Review, D 34, 470–479]. We proposed an alternative way to explain thermodynamics within no collapse interpretations of quantum mechanics. In this paper some difficulties faced by both approaches are discussed and solved: the spin echo experiments, and the problem of extremely light gases. In these contexts, we point out several ways in which the above quantum mechanical approaches as well as some other classical approaches to the foundations of statistical mechanics may be distinguished experimentally.     

改进QDPSO算法在BP网络训练中的应用

QDPSO（Quantum Delta-Potential-Well-based Particle Swarm Optimization）算法是基于量子空间的粒子群算法，对QDPSO算法进行了改进，结合Iris分类问题，应用到BP网络的权值优化中，并和基于标准PSO算法的方法进行了比较。实验结果表明：该算法性能优于所比较的两种算法，并且具有良好的收敛性和稳定性。     

原子结构中的物理理论

本文较系统地介绍了有关原子结构方面的一些基础理论,由定性到定量,并应用量子力学知识描绘了原子结构状态。     

狄拉克（Dirac）与当代物理学

从量子力学、真空、大数假说、磁单极子诸方面，阐述了坎拉克的治学思想和研究方法的特点及其对当代物理学所做出的重大贡献．     

霍耳效应实验分析

对霍耳效应测量磁感应强度的实验原理作了分析,讨论了外界定向干扰磁场对实验的影响、指出在实验教学中,相邻霍耳效应测量仪摆放距离宜大于等于2.5m才能忽略相互干扰.     

浅谈磁电式与霍尔式速度传感器在汽车上的区别

文章针对应用较广的磁电式传感器和霍尔式传感器展开论述，分别介绍了两者的工作原理和区别。     

利用量子么正变换引起拓扑项的可移性求微扰项对Berry相因子的贡献

利用量子么正变换引起拓扑项的可移性，求出了一维无限深运动边界方势阱在压缩变换中出现的微扰项在一级近似下对Ｂｅｒｒｙ相因子的贡献。     

Why the Afshar experiment does not refute complementarity

A modified version of Young's experiment by Shahriar Afshar demonstrates that, prior to what appears to be a “which-way” measurement, an interference pattern exists. Afshar has claimed that this result constitutes a violation of the Principle of Complementarity. This paper discusses the implications of this experiment and considers how Cramer's Transactional Interpretation easily accommodates the result. It is also shown that the Afshar experiment is analogous in key respects to a spin one-half particle prepared as “spin up along x”, subjected to a nondestructive confirmation of that preparation, and post-selected in a specific state of spin along z. The terminology “which-way” or “which-slit” is critiqued; it is argued that this usage by both Afshar and his critics is misleading and has contributed to confusion surrounding the interpretation of the experiment. Nevertheless, it is concluded that Bohr would have had no more problem accounting for the Afshar result than he would in accounting for the aforementioned pre- and post-selection spin experiment, in which the particle's preparation state is confirmed by a nondestructive measurement prior to post-selection. In addition, some new inferences about the interpretation of delayed choice experiments are drawn from the analysis.