Lipid transport in microorganisms

Summary Microorganisms are useful model systems for the study of intracellular transport of lipids. Eukaryotic microorganisms, such as the yeastSaccharomyces cerevisiae, are similar to higher eukaryotes with respect to organelle structure and membrane assembly. Experiments in vivo showed that transport of phosphatidylcholine between yeast microsomes and mitochondria is energy independent; transfer of phosphatidylinositol to the plasma membrane and the flux of secretory vesicles take place by different mechanisms. Linkage of transfer and biosynthesis of phospholipids was demonstrated in the case of intramitochondrial phospholipid transfer. A yeast phosphatidylinositol/phosphatidylcholine transfer protein, which is essential for cell viability, was isolated and characterized. Another phospholipid transfer protein present in yeast cytosol, which has a different specificity, is currently under investigation. Transfer of phospholipids between cellular membranes was also demonstrated with prokaryotes. The cytoplasm and the periplasma of the gram-negative facultative photosynthetic bacteriumRhodopseudomonas sphaeroides contain phospholipid transfer proteins; these seem to be involved in the biosynthesis of prokaryotic membranes.     

贻贝Mytilus edulis磷脂成分的分析

对浙江产紫贻口的总指和磷脂进行了提取和定量,并分别用薄层层析法、气相色谱法对磷脂的组分、总脂和磷脂的脂肪酸组成进行了分析,结果表明：在收秋旺季,贻贝的总脂含量为2．15％－2．68％,磷脂含量在5．02％C－6．95％范围内,占总胎的21．00％－27．30％磷脂组分以PC和PE为主;与大豆和蛋黄的磷脂相比,贻贝总脂和磷脂含有更多的高不饱和脂肪酸,此外贻贝磷脂小的脂肪酸不饱和度及EPA与DHA之和要高于总脂。