String theory,Einstein, and the identity of physics: Theory assessment in absence of the empirical

String theorists are certain that they are practicing physicists. Yet, some of their recent critics deny this. This paper argues that this conflict is really about who holds authority in making rational judgment in theoretical physics. At bottom, the conflict centers on the question: who is a proper physicist? To illustrate and understand the differing opinions about proper practice and identity, we discuss different appreciations of epistemic virtues and explanation among string theorists and their critics, and how these have been sourced in accounts of Einstein's biography. Just as Einstein is claimed by both sides, historiography offers examples of both successful and unsuccessful non-empirical science. History of science also teaches that times of conflict are often times of innovation, in which novel scholarly identities may come into being. At the same time, since the contributions of Thomas Kuhn historians have developed a critical attitude towards formal attempts and methodological recipes for epistemic demarcation and justification of scientific practice. These are now, however, being considered in the debate on non-empirical physics.     

Newtonianism and the enthusiasm of Enlightenment

The career of John Jackson (1686-1763), Arian theologian and controversialist, provides a key to unlocking the early reception and quick collapse of a Newtonian natural apologetic originally developed by Samuel Clarke. The importance of friendship and discipleship in eighteenth-century intellectual enquiry is emphasised, and the links between Newton and his followers are traced alongside those of a group of Cambridge Lockeans, led by Jackson’s direct contemporary Daniel Waterland, who proved instrumental in the initial dismantling of Clarke’s brand of Newtonian apologetic. The controversial context of this engagement is shown to have been largely provided by the religiously compromising rise of freethinking, and Tindal’s Christianity as old as the creation (1731) signalled the dangers to proponents of natural religion as an adjunct of Christian apologetic in such a heated atmosphere. Religious division of the sort that resulted paradoxically played into the hands of the freethinkers in the anticlerical atmosphere of the 1730s, and accusations were exchanged between Newtonians and Lockeans accordingly. The dynamic of England’s Enlightenment experience is, then, a complicated one, and, as the career and writings of Jackson and William Whiston demonstrate, it was one which absorbed as well as repudiated ‘enthusiasm’.     

传统教科书与马克思主义哲学的关系

正确处理传统教科书与马克思主义哲学的关系是马克思主义哲学现代发展的关键环节．传统教科书不能完整准确地反映马克思的哲学思想，切断了实践与哲学基本问题的联系，曲解了马克思主义哲学，背离了马克思的哲学研究方向，扼杀了马克思主义哲学的实践作用．马克思主义哲学的现代发展必须首先破除对传统教科书和教科书式马克思主义哲学的固执和迷信。     

世界文化史上的五种科学思维模式

思想方法的更新是人类进步的重要标志之一。对这种标志的认识,在哲学史和文化史研究中通常不被人们所重视。人类思想史上最鲜明、最有意义的科学思维模式,主要表现为本文论及的五种类型,这些思维模式的互补与进步,是东西方文明相互推进的内在标志;对它们的研究和探讨,是把握先进文化前进方向的重要前提。     

1997～2002年《河南大学学报》（自然版）载文及引文分析

运用文献计量学的研究方法，对1997～2002年《河南大学学报》(自然版)所载论文的数量、学科、基金项目及引文进行了统计分析，以期帮助编辑和读者通过数据客观认识《学报》的学术价值和编辑特点。     

先进文化、文化创新与马克思主义哲学

马克思主义哲学与文化创新的关系主要体现在：解放思想，实事求是是文化创新的世界观和方法论的基础；辩证的否定是实现文化创新的哲学方法：善于吸取总结群众的智慧与实践经验是文化创新的源泉；做好人才工作是文化创新的重要基础。     

上天入地：思想史的边界与方法

思想史的研究方法与研究对象有十分密切的关系。通常情况下,研究对象多少已经决定了合宜的方法。甚至可以说,合宜的方法内在于对象,至少是内在于主体和对象的关系。思想史的研究有两条边界,一条是向上的通向哲学、形而上精神的世界;另一条是向下深挖的通向社会的、形而下生活的世界。思想史的这两条边界决定了思想史研究的主要方法取向。     

哲学家视野中的宇宙图景--雅斯贝尔斯与现代物理学

早期雅斯贝尔斯的现代物理学意识多半闭塞、片面,充满了"新""旧"物理学的无意义的陈词滥调.但是,后期雅斯贝尔斯紧跟时代的步伐,把握了现代物理学革命性发展中的真理内涵,最大限度地容纳了现代物理学理论的广度,为奠定新世界观的基础开辟了广阔的空间.尽管如此,雅斯贝尔斯始终是康德哲学的追随者,对他来说,现代物理学像所有科学一样有其自身的意义和界限.     

从《苏菲的世界》看哲学教学的趣味性--兼论哲学通俗化的二重根

哲学绝不能忽视趣味性的营造 ,尤其是在哲学教学中 ,《苏菲的世界》为我们提供了很好的借鉴。而哲学通俗化的根据有两个 :内在启蒙的需要和市场机制的调节。