Microcalorimetric study of the effect of porphyrin-cholesterol esters on cancer cells HL-60

By using an LKB-2277 Bioactivity Monitor, the effect of porphyrin-cholesterol esters on cancer cells HL-60 were examined at 25°C. There is a difference in the shape of the thermogenesis curve samong different kinds of porphyrin-cholesterol esters, and the death rate of HL-60 cells is also different. The results show that porphyrin-chsterol esters can powerfully inhibit their metabolism, the inhibitory sequence is II>I>III, but the inhibitory way of each ester is different. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Liu Yi: born in Nov. 1970, Ph. D. graduate student     

Ants feeding on anal exudate from tortricid larvae: a new type of trophobiosis

A new type of trophobiosis between tortricid larvae of a hitherto unknown genus and species, and various ant species of the subfamilies Formicinae, Dolichoderinae and Myrmicinae, was found in Malaysia. The larvae live in silken shelters fixed to the leaves of bamboo. In response to mechanical stimuli from the ants, they discharge from the anus a liquid containing sugar and amino acids and/or protein. The tortricid is described as Semutophila saccharopa gen. nov., sp. nov.; a second species, S. susurra sp. nov., is described from New Guinea.     

The multifaceted role of periostin in tumorigenesis

Periostin, also called osteoblast-specific factor 2 (OSF-2), is a member of the fasciclin family and a disulfide-linked cell adhesion protein that has been shown to be expressed preferentially in the periosteum and periodontal ligaments, where it acts as a critical regulator of bone and tooth formation and maintenance. Furthermore, periostin plays an important role in cardiac development. Recent clinical evidence has also revealed that periostin is involved in the development of various tumors, such as breast, lung, colon, pancreatic, and ovarian cancers. Periostin interacts with multiple cell-surface receptors, most notably integrins, and signals mainly via the PI3-K/Akt and other pathways to promote cancer cell survival, epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), invasion, and metastasis. In this review, aspects related to the function of periostin in tumorigenesis are summarized.     

肿瘤电化学疗法的体外实验

肿瘤电化学疗法的体外实验梁基选，张长弓，苏金华，陈宝　（抗癌中心）肿瘤电化学治疗是根据瑞典放射医学专家Ｎｏｒｄｅｎｓｔｒｏｍ提出的血管－间质闭合电路理论，开展的一项新的临床治疗恶性肿瘤方法。主要是将正负电极分别插入瘤体及周围组织，形成电回路，干扰肿瘤...     

榄香烯乳、微波透热联合应用治疗卵巢癌腹水临床观察

为探讨药物对卵巢癌腹水的疗效,对30例卵巢癌腹水患者采用榄香烯乳及微波透热治疗,并与30例单纯应用榄香烯乳进行对照,结果发现,此药合并应用抗卵巢癌腹水优于单纯应用,此法可值得推广应用.     

The mutator phenotype theory can explain the complex morphology and behaviour of cancers

Almost all solid malignancies exhibit complex cytological and architectural abnormalities, which vary from cell to cell and area to area within the same tumour, and between tumours of the same type. The degrees of these abnormalities do not correlate perfectly with the biological behaviour (especially growth rate and metastatic potential) among the various tumour types. These features of tumours have long been considered to invalidate simple mutational or 'abnormal gene expression' (epigenetic) theories of carcinogenesis. The 'mutator phenotype/clonal selection' hypothesis is based on the now well-established phenomenon of genetic instability of cancer cells, and proposes that this instability is an essential requirement for the development of tumours, and not an irrelevant side-effect of some other process. This paper argues that this hypothesis can provide a satisfactory explanation for the diverse histological and biological features of solid malignancies. Further, because virtually all solid tumours are histologically abnormal, genetic instability is likely to be essential for the malignant process. The concepts of mutator phenotype and clonal selection are therefore supported. Received 8 April 2002; accepted 25 April 2002     

阿密茴素拮抗多柔比星诱发的组织毒性及其机制研究

多柔比星(Doxorubicin, DOX)是临床上使用最广泛的蒽环家族化疗药物.为了研究阿密茴素(Visnagin, VIS)能否缓解DOX诱发的肝、肾毒性及其相关机制,此研究首先构建DOX急性、慢性肝肾损伤小鼠模型,通过观察小鼠肝肾细胞死亡率、肝肾功能变化评价VIS对肝肾损伤的保护作用.在急性和慢性损伤模型中,原位末端凋亡实验(TUNEL)结果表明VIS可以显著降低肝肾细胞凋亡率;而慢性模型中,VIS还能缓解肝肾功能损伤.此外,实验结果表明VIS可以显著抑制DOX诱发的TOP2-DNA共价复合物形成,提示VIS可能通过抑制DOX下游的TOP2通路起保护作用.研究结果将为后续深入探究降低DOX毒副作用的课题提供参考.     

胃粘膜活检中癌和非癌组织的鉴别诊断

探讨胃粘膜活检诊断时，胃癌与异型性增生、溃疡边缘再生粘膜、黄斑瘤、挫灭严重组织、重度炎症造成腺管破坏、残胃炎、溃疡底的肉芽组织，胃粘膜活检组织平切片易混淆的情况，为胃癌的早期诊断、正确诊断、鉴别诊断，总结经验及教训。     

神经网络用于血清的初级癌症诊断

用电感耦合等离子体原子光谱及石墨炉原子吸收测定了正常人及癌症病人血清样品中的６个元素，将所得数据送入计算机．用人工神经元网络的反向传播（ＢＰ）算法综合分析血清中的微量金属元素，预报识别率达９０％以上．