汉语社交称谓语与汉语教学

在任何一种语言中,称谓语在交际中都占有重要地住、起着重要的作用。本文试图通过对汉语交际中主要的几种称谓语的分析找出这些称谓语使用以及变化背后的社会动因。     

基于隐马尔可夫模型(HMM)的系统调用异常检测

HMM用来检测一个系统调用短序列是否异常,根据异常系统调用短序列占该进程所有短序列的百分比来判断该进程是否是入侵.考虑到当一个入侵发生时,会产生大量的异常系统调用,导致其邻近系统调用与正常系统调用不匹配.为此我们对HMM的异常检测方法作了进一步改进,改进后的方法对异常更敏感,误报率更低.     

Relationship between echolocation frequency and body size in two species of hipposiderid bats

Frequencies of echolocation calls with maximum power of Himalayan leaf-nosed bats and Horsfield’s leaf-nosed bats during searching phase were 74.1 and 92.1 kHz, respectively. Head-body length, forearm length and body mass of Himalayan leaf-nosed bats were 82.9 mm, 89.7 mm and 59.1 g, respectively; and the corresponding values of Horsfield’s leaf-nosed bats were 68.4 mm, 61.3 mm and 19.7 g, respectively. Echolocation frequency and the three parameters of body size, head-body length, forearm length and body mass, were all negatively correlated, and the correlation coefficients were −0.86, −1.58 and −2.19, respectively. This study thereby proved that echolocation frequency and body size were negatively correlated in the two species of hipposiderid bats.     

刘少奇的秘书工作和秘书思想研究

刘少奇在革命年代担任秘书工作,积累了极为宝贵的秘书工作经验,其秘书工作思想包括四个方面:一、调查研究,一切从实际出发;二、秘书要有良好的修养;三、秘书要遵守纪律,严守党的秘密;四、认真对待人民来信.     

具有随机寿命的局部支付型权证的定价

假设合约被终止的风险为非系统风险,利用鞅方法和具有随机寿命的欧式未定权益的定价公式,讨论了标的资产服从Merton模型具有随机寿命的局部支付型权证的定价问题,得到了相应的定价公式.     

Linux安全模块在安全审计系统中的应用

安全审计是保障计算机系统本地安全和网络安全的重要技术,通过对审计信息的分析可以为计算机系统的脆弱性评估、责任认定、损失评估、系统恢复提供关键性信息.为了满足各类应用对Linux平台安全性的要求,Linus Torvalds提出了轻量级、通用的访问控制框架LSM.据此,利用LSM框架提供的安全模块可装载性和编程接口,实现了细粒度、可移植、高安全性的安全审计系统.     

分数布朗运动环境中2种奇异期权的定价

在标的资产服从几何分数布朗运动模型的假设下,利用标的资产有红利支付的欧式未定权益的一般定价公式,求出了两种可降低权利金的权证的定价公式．     

4种蹄蝠回声定位声波特征与体型的相关性

对黄大蹄蝠,三叶蹄蝠,大蹄蝠与小蹄蝠四种蹄蝠的回声定位声波进行了分析,总结出蹄科蝙蝠的回声定位声波组成,频率,波长及持续时间等方面的特征,简要分析了回声定位声波特征与捕食区域的关系,选定头体长,前臂长和体质量为体型参数,采用Pearson方法的对蹄蝠科蝙蝠休型和回声定位频率之间的相关性进行分析。得出结论：蹄蝠的体型与回声定位声波呈明显的负相关,作出主频率－前臂长回归线,更直观地描述频率与前臂长之间的相关关系及变化趋势,并对相关性分析中产生误差的原因进行了分析与讨论。     

Breeding behaviour of Bokermannohyla nanuzae (Anura: Hylidae) at an Atlantic Forest site in southeastern Brazil

We studied the breeding activities of Bokermannohyla nanuzae at an Atlantic Forest site in southeastern Brazil from August 2010 to April 2012. We described courtship behaviour, acoustic parameters of calls, egg clutch features and the egg-laying site, and characterized the reproductive mode. We recorded calling males and gravid females almost year-round, except for a few months in the dry season. We observed the interaction of five male–female pairs that exhibited stereotyped behavioural sequences including visual and tactile signals. We identified three different types of calls that we considered as the advertisement call and two types of courtship calls. Egg clutches were placed in rocky crevices with water or in streamside puddles, among rocks, that would be likely to be flooded as stream water level raises, which characterizes a reproductive mode different from the one previously recognized for this species. The breeding biology of B. nanuzae is complex, with elaborate courtship behaviour and signalling.     

Correlation between echolocation calls and morphological features among three kinds of bats

The correlation between echolocation sound and morphological features of 18 species of bats, which are subordinated to 3 families including rhinolophidae, hipposideridae and vespertilionidae is studied. Pearson's correlation and regression analysis are adopted to analyze the correlations between noseleaf width (NW) and forearm length (FAL), NW and dominant frequency (DF), FAL and DF. The results show a positive correlation between NW and FAL and a negative correlation between NW and DF in Rhinolophidae. In each family, there is a negative correlation between FAL and DF. Some species have a higher or lower frequency than predicted one according to their body size. There are significant differences of the regression equation of FAL and DF among the three families. For the bats with the same body size, the order in frequency is: hipposiderid bats＞ rhinolophid bats＞ vespertilionid bats. The mechanism of interrelationship between FAL and DF of bats, the reason why these deviations occur in correlativity of the three families and the mechanism of the interaction between morphological, physiological and ecological characteristics are discussed.