STS:从SSK到SEE

STS自SSK以来的显著特点是从规范走向描述,从重构走向解构。不过,这个领域的关注点近来转向研究如何积极介入公共领域的科学争论,规范问题重新受到重视。一种引起广泛讨论的规范性方案是SEE,它代表了STS最新的努力方向。     

碰撞对伴有二次电子发射等离子体鞘层的影响

建立了包括器壁发射二次电子的等离子体鞘层的流体模型,讨论了一维稳态等离子体鞘层中离子与中性粒子的碰撞对含有二次电子发射的鞘层结构的影响。结果表明:碰撞频率的增加,导致鞘层空间的二次电子密度逐渐增大,离子密度是先增加后减小,离子速度则是先减小后增加。从碰撞和二次电子发射比较来说,碰撞频率的增加对于鞘层空间影响更大。另外发现碰撞对于不同带电量的离子来说,带电量较少的离子的等离子体鞘层受碰撞的影响要大一些。     

Novel Fault Detection Optimization Algorithm for Single Event Effect system Based on Multi-information Entropy Fusion

Fault detection caused by single event effect（ SEE） in system was studied,and an improved fault detection algorithm by fusing multi-information entropy for detecting soft error was proposed based on multi-objective detection approach and classification management method. In the improved fault detection algorithm, the analysis model of posteriori information with corresponding multi-fault alternative detection points was formulated through correlation information matrix, and the maximum incremental information entropy was chosen as the classification principle for the optimal detection points. A system design example was given to prove the rationality and feasibility of this algorithm.This fault detection algorithm can achieve the purpose of fault detection and resource configuration with high efficiency.     

负离子对稳态等离子体推进器鞘层的影响

针对为了提高稳态等离子体推进器的推进功率,而从阴极注入少量负离子,采用流体力学方法,建立了包括负离子的一维等离子体无碰撞鞘层模型,讨论了SPT通道内一维稳态等离子体鞘层中负离子的影响．结果表明：随着注入负离子量的增多,导致鞘层空间电子、离子、以及二次电子密度都降低,抑制了器壁二次电子的发射。并且降低了SPT通道的放电性能;而沉积到器壁的正离子动能流随其增加而减少,降低了对陶瓷器壁的腐蚀,可以提高SPT的使用寿命．     

FED中支撑对电场分布及电子轨迹的影响

在场致发射显示器 (FED)中加入支撑会影响真空室内部电场分布和电子运动 ,从而导致二次电子发射和电荷积累效应。为比较不同发射结构中这种负面影响的大小 ,对3种常见阴极模型中电子运动轨迹进行了模拟 :采用有限元法计算带有介质支撑墙的 FED电场分布 ,采用 Runge- Kut-ta法计算该空间电子轨迹 ,得出了支撑墙对 FED电子轨迹影响的数值结果。模拟结果显示 ,在三极型和四极型 (聚焦型 )结构中 ,支撑的引入不可避免地会带来二次电子发射和电荷积累效应 ;与之相反 ,平面型发射结构则很好地避免了这一负面影响     

A Pluralistic Approach to Interactional Expertise

The concept of interactional expertise – characterized by sociologists Harry Collins and Robert Evans as the ability to speak the language of a discipline without the corresponding ability to practice – can serve as a powerful way of breaking down expert/non-expert dichotomies and providing a role for new voices in specialist communities. However, in spite of the vast uptake of this concept and its potential to fruitfully address many important issues related to scientific expertise, there has been surprisingly little critical analysis of it. We seek to remedy this situation by considering potential benefits of interactional expertise and the ways in which the current conception can – and cannot – realize those benefits. In particular, we argue that interactional expertise hasn't reached its full potential for addressing who ought to be involved in scientific research and decision-making, largely owing to an unnecessarily restrictive way of operationalizing the concept. In its place, we offer a broader, more pluralistic account of interactional expertise – one that is in line with the original spirit of the concept, but also captures the diversity that we see as being an important aspect of interactional experts and the value they can bring to the table.     

辐射易敏SRAM型FPGA在导航卫星中的适用性实验研究

利用兰州重离子加速器提供的86Kr离子束流开展了百万门SRAM型FPGA的单粒子效应实验研究.获得了该器件配置存储器和片内Block RAM的重离子翻转截面,给出了与国外同类实验结果显著差异的原因分析,证实了该器件对单粒子效应的极端敏感性;对三模冗余、动态刷新等容错机制的有效性进行了动态测试,结果表明采用的组合加固措施能显著降低系统的功能错误截面,基本消除了配置存储器额外引入的敏感性,达到了与同类专用集成电路接近的抗辐射水平;结合导航任务特点和实验结果,对SRAM型FPGA在导航卫星上的适用性进行了分析,提出了将加固设计与自主完好性监测相结合的应用思路.     

二次电子发射对无碰撞等离子体鞘层的影响

建立了包括器壁发射二次电子的等离子体无碰撞鞘层的基本模型,讨论了一维稳态等离子体鞘层中二次电子发射对鞘层结构的影响．结果表明：器壁电势随着二次电子发射系数的增加而增加．在发射系数小于临界发射系数时,鞘层电势随发射系数增加而增加,鞘层是离子鞘;在发射系数大于临界系数时,电场出现反转,电势在鞘层空间出现一最小值,鞘层不再是离子鞘．并且就稳态等离子体推进器器壁材料不同,简要分析了二次电子发射给其鞘层带来的影响．